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1.
Ceria (CeO2) particles are prevalent polishing abrasive materials. Trivalent lanthanide ions are the popular category of dopants for enriched surface defects and thus improved physicochemical properties, since they are highly compatible with CeO2 lattices. Herein, a series of dendritic-like mesoporous silica (D-mSiO2)-supported samarium (Sm)-doped CeO2 nanocrystals were synthesized via a facile chemical precipitation method. The relation of the structural characteristics and chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) performances were investigated to explore the effect of Sm-doping amounts on the D-mSiO2/SmxCe1?xO2?δ (x = 0–1) composite abrasives. The involved low-modulus D-mSiO2 cores aimed to eliminate surface scratch and damage, resulting from the optimized contact behavior between abrasives and surfaces. The trivalent cerium (Ce3+) and oxygen vacancy (VO) at CeO2 surfaces were expected to be reactive sites for the material removal process over SiO2 films. The optimal oxide-CMP performances in terms of removal efficiency and surface quality were achieved by the 40% Sm-doped composite abrasives. It might be attributed to the high Ce3+ and VO concentrations and the enhancement of tribochemical reactivity between CeO2SiO2 interfaces. Furthermore, the relationship between the surface chemistry, polishing performance as well as the actual role in oxide-CMP of the D-mSiO2/SmxCe1?xO2?δ abrasives were also discussed.  相似文献   
2.
采用叠轧焊接方法制备Al/IF钢多层复合材料,随后进行300~450 ℃退火处理,并对叠轧态和退火态的微观结构及力学性能进行分析。结果表明:叠轧态Al/IF钢多层复合材料的抗拉强度介于纯Al和IF钢之间,断裂总延伸率相对较低,退火后Al和IF钢层的硬变均高于其原材料;随着退火温度的增加,抗拉强度逐渐降低,断裂总延伸率呈先增加后减小的趋势,在350 ℃退火时,复合材料的综合力学性能最优。退火温度对Al/IF钢多层复合材料力学性能的影响主要体现在对Al层的影响上。  相似文献   
3.
In space propulsion applications, the development of new ceramic matrix composites with improved resistance to oxidation and ablation at high temperature is needed and ultra-high temperature ceramics-based ones appear the most suitable. Combination of both powder impregnation (ZrB2, C) and liquid silicon infiltration enabled manufacturing of UHTC based matrices in Cf/C preforms with less than 10 vol% open porosity and various proportions and homogeneous distribution of C, ZrB2, SiC and Si. Oxidation behaviour was evaluated on composite structures using an oxyacetylene torch at temperatures higher than 2000 °C. Chemical analyses and microstructural observations before and after oxidation testing evidenced the protection ability of ZrB2-SiC-Si matrices thanks to the formation of multi-oxide scales which resisted even tested durations of 6 min and pointed the unharmful presence of residual 12 vol% silicon on the composite for use at high temperature under high gas flows.  相似文献   
4.
刘星园  张永锋  肖凯  高境泽 《化工进展》2022,41(5):2504-2510
挥发性有机化合物(VOCs)的大量排放对我国大气环境已造成严重污染。本文综述了针对工业VOCs排放浓度低、风量大、含水等特点,分子筛作为较成熟的吸附材料在VOCs吸附处理中的应用。影响分子筛吸附VOCs的因素有孔径结构、表面性质、疏水性等。研究表明,与吸附质动力学尺寸相匹配的孔径和具有多级孔的分子筛吸附性能优良,引入适宜补偿阳离子也可加强吸附。文中指出:提高硅铝比或硅烷化改性来提高分子筛疏水性以及免除模板剂使用,降低成本,减小污染成为当下发展主流;在制备方法上打破传统水热合成法,使用固相法、微波辅助、晶种导入来降低能耗,实现绿色合成已成为新兴话题;研发多功能整体式材料以及吸附法和多种方法相结合来处理VOCs已成为未来发展趋势。  相似文献   
5.
《Ceramics International》2022,48(20):29862-29872
Thermal shock parameters (R, R''', R'''' and Rst) of MgAlON–MgO composites obtained with additions of spent MgO–C brick were calculated using measured mechanical properties and thermal expansion coefficient, determining their resistance to fracture initiation and crack propagation. The cyclic thermal shock experiments of MgAlON–MgO composites performed from 1398 K to ambient temperature indicate that as number of thermal shock cycle increases, retained strength ratio of MgAlON and MgAlON–4.2 wt%MgO sharply decrease and then keep constant, while that of MgAlON–10.5 wt%MgO and MgAlON–15.7 wt%MgO slowly decrease. The reason for the difference is that MgAlON and MgAlON–4.2 wt%MgO show low value of R''' and R'''', and high value of R and Rst. Moreover, precipitation of impurity containing Fe may play a positive role in improvement of thermal shock resistance of MgAlON–MgO composites. MgAlON?4.2 wt%MgO has the maximum retained strength (55 MPa) even after 5 thermal shock cycles, which is expected to be used in the metallurgical industry.  相似文献   
6.
曾欣欣  白慧娟  俞娟  黄培  杨超  徐俊波 《化工学报》2022,73(6):2352-2369
基于面向空天动力用聚酰亚胺树脂基复合材料的背景,分析了复合材料面临的介尺度结构设计与调控的关键科学问题及研究思路。综述了国内外热塑性聚酰亚胺构-效设计、复合材料微/纳复合界面强化以及健康结构动态监测的基础研究,并提出了未来的发展趋势。  相似文献   
7.
We propose a multi-physics numerical model for a self-healing ceramic matrix mini-composite under tensile load. Crack averaged PDEs are proposed for the transport of oxygen and of all the chemical species involved in the healing process and studied in the dimensionless form to perform the most appropriate discretization choices concerning time integration, and boundary conditions. Concerning the fibres’ degradation, a slow crack growth model explicitly dependent on the environmental parameters is calibrated using a particular exact solution and integrated numerically in the general case. The tow failure results from the statistical distribution of the fibres’ initial strength, the slow crack growth kinetics, and the load transfer following fibres breakage. The lifetime prediction capabilities of the model, as well as the effect of temperature, spatial variation of the statistical distribution of fibres strength, and applied load, are investigated highlighting the influence of the diffusion/reaction processes (healing) on the fibre breakage scenarios.  相似文献   
8.
以碳纤维的三维编织架构为增强体,经镀铜预处理后,置于铝合金熔体中施加压力成形,得到三维编织碳纤维增强铝基复合材料。探究大气和氩气气氛下不同三维纤维架构挤压成型的复合材料的界面特征与结构。通过拉伸试验及扫描电镜检测,对材料性能进行表征。结果表明:紧密编织的三维编织碳纤维较宽松结构的三维编织碳纤维,与铝合金基材的浸润性和相容性更好,铝合金在与三维编织碳纤维复合后拉伸强度与硬度均提升。  相似文献   
9.
《Ceramics International》2022,48(8):10506-10515
The search for materials and methods capable of reducing human impacts on the environment is of utmost importance nowadays. This study's primary purpose was to analyze the technical feasibility of ceramic composites production utilizing Fundão Dam's Iron Ore Tailings (IOT), Blast Furnace Slag (BFS) from charcoal, and Foundry Sand (FS) as partial substitutes for the traditional raw materials – sand and clay – for application in building industry materials. The composites were molded in rectangular specimens and fired at temperatures of 900, 950, 1000, 1050, and 1200 °C. The developed materials were analyzed and characterized by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS), Thermogravimetry (TGA), and Differential Thermal Analysis (DTA). The obtained materials had flexural strength modulus of up to 12.19 MPa, water absorption ranging from 2 to 22%, linear shrinkage ranging from 0.02 to 6.50%, and apparent density ranging from 2.03 to 1.63 g/cm3. The study of the internal structure formation process revealed the formation of amorphous structures in the composites. The results demonstrated that these waste materials may be jointly used in construction materials, contributing to the reduction of natural resource extraction, besides enabling their correct disposal, minimizing environmental impacts, and improving the life quality of the surrounding communities.  相似文献   
10.
In this study, silicon carbide (SiC) composites reinforced with pitch-based carbon fibers and composed of heat transfer channels were fabricated by combining chemical vapor infiltration and reactive melting infiltration method. It was observed that the internal heat conduction skeleton of pitch-based carbon fibers was sequentially formed. The thermal conductivities from room temperature to 500 °C along through-thickness direction and in-plane direction were investigated. The results showed that Cpf/SiC composites with heat transfer channels possessed excellent thermal conductvity in two directions, and the thermal conductivity increased with increasing volume content of heat transfer channels. The thermal conductivity in through-thickness direction reached 38.89 W/(m·K), and that for in-plane direction reached 112.42 W/(m·K). Theoretical calculations were empolyed to study the temperature dependence of the Cpf/SiC composites. The variations in slope A′ and intercept B′ values of fitted curves were in good agreement with the experimental results. To verify the reliablilty of the theoretical model, the Cpf/SiC composites were heated at 1650 °C for 2 h and the thermal conductivity exhibited further improvement due to the formation of more perfect crystalline structure. Thermal conductivity through thickness direction improved to 43.49 W/(m·K), and that in in-plane direction improved to 142.49 W/(m·K), which could be identified by the theoretical model. Finally, the leading edge model was established by using ABAQUS finite element analysis software to evaluate the potential application of the composites. Owing to the outstanding thermal conductivity, the leading edge obtained by using Cpf/SiC composites in this study exhibited lower temperature gradient and a more uniform temperature distribution. Moreover, less thermal stress and displacement were generated during heating process.  相似文献   
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