Analytical Modeling for Translating Statistical Changes to Circuit Variability by Ultra-Deep Submicron Digital Circuit Design

This paper presents a physics-based compact gate delay model that includes all short-channel phenomena prevalent at the ultra-deep submicron technology node of 32 nm. To simplify calculations, the proposed model is connected to a compact α-power law-based (Sakurai-Newton) model. The model has been tested on a wide range of supply voltages. The model accurately predicts nominal delays and the delays under process variations. It has been shown that at lower technology nodes, the delay is more sensitive to threshold voltage variations, specifically at the sub-threshold operating region as compared with effective channel length variations above the threshold region.     

Influence of temperature on acoustic emission source location accuracy in underground structure

An acoustic emission (AE) experiment was carried out to explore the AE location accuracy influenced by temperature. A hollow hemispherical specimen was used to simulate common underground structures. In the process of heating with the flame, the pulse signal of constant frequency was stimulated as an AE source. Then AE signals received by each sensor were collected and used for comparing localization accuracy at different temperatures. Results show that location errors of AE keep the same phenomenon in the early and middle heating stages. In the later stage of heating, location errors of AE increase sharply due to the appearance of cracks. This provides some beneficial suggestions on decreasing location errors of structural cracks caused by temperature and improves the ability of underground structure disaster prevention and control.     

Research on phase shift characteristics of electromagnetic wave in plasma

The phase shift characteristics reflect the state change of electromagnetic wave in plasma sheath and can be used to reveal deeply the action mechanism between electromagnetic wave and plasma sheath. In this paper, the phase shift characteristics of electromagnetic wave propagation in plasma were investigated. Firstly, the impact factors of phase shift including electron density,collision frequency and incident frequency were discussed. Then, the plasma with different electron density distribution profiles were employed to investigate the influence on the phase shift characteristics. In a real case, the plasma sheath around the hypersonic vehicle will affect and even break down the communication. Based on the hypersonic vehicle model, we studied the electromagnetic wave phase shift under different flight altitude, speed, and attack angle. The results indicate that the phase shift is inversely proportional to the flight altitude and positively proportional to the flight speed and attack angle. Our work provides a theoretical guidance for the further research of phase shift characteristics and parameters inversion in plasma.     

Traveling-wave Phenomena in a Model of Autocrine Signaling Coupled with Dynamics of the MAPK Cascade

Recently we have revealed a minimal reaction subnetwork in the MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase) cascade that is responsible for the emergence of bistable and oscillatory behavior. Here we examine a possible mechanism that provides for the propagation of increased MAPK activity in cell populations by interconnecting the intracellular MAPK subnetwork with the ligand-receptor signaling machinery. Such approach allows for significant reduction of the dimensionality of the parameter space on one hand and the conservation of dynamical complexity of the system on the other hand. The coupled model predicts coexistence of one, two or three different stable steady states, or the coexistence of a stable steady state and periodic solution. We found two robust and physiologically relevant characteristics of the proposed model: (i) There is a very large region of coexistence of at least one stable steady state with non-zero MAPK activity and one steady state with zero MAPK activity in the parameter space. (ii) Spontaneous traveling front waves always switching originally inactive cells into ligand releasing cells emerge in adjacent cell populations, e. g. in healthy and injured tissues. Moreover, the formation of composite traveling front waves and spatial oscillatory patterns of MAPK activity are predicted and discussed.     

基于光流法的固体内部声传播方向测量

目前采用光弹设备测量超声传播方向多为人眼主观观测,其误差较大,难以实现精确的定量测量。将Farneback光流法应用于光弹图像的处理,并根据帧与帧之间的光流图来计算光弹图像中的超声传播方向,可以捕捉图像中的动态声场。在实验中对不同传播方向的超声进行了测量,其绝对偏差度数最大值为2.85°,测量结果较为准确。因此,Farneback光流法可用于光弹图像中声波传播方向的判断,且具有快速、准确和直观等特点。     

爆炸载荷下空孔缺陷与爆生裂纹扩展行为研究

空孔在岩石巷道直眼掏槽爆破中具有重要作用,为研究空孔及其缺陷在爆炸荷载作用下的扩展行为和作用机理,以PMMA代替岩石材料,利用预制裂纹代替空孔缺陷,借助动态焦散线系统和理论分析为手段,研究不同间距下空孔、空孔处预制裂纹、爆生裂纹动态扩展规律及机理,分析不同"径距比"与掏槽效果的关系。研究结果表明:在装药量一定的情况下,随着炮孔与空孔距离的变化,爆生裂纹扩展距离呈现递增而预制裂纹扩展距离呈现递减的趋势,但都存在极值;当炮孔与空孔距离较小时,爆生裂纹和预制裂纹扩展及相互作用最复杂,爆生裂纹扩展经历由压缩应力波为主,表现为直线的前期扩展;由空孔处发射应力波和压缩应力波共同作用下,爆生裂纹偏离炮孔与空孔连心线的中期扩展,以及由空孔应力集中区作用使爆生裂纹向空孔方向偏移的后期阶段;预制裂纹扩展经历由空孔处应力集中作用下,表现为直线的前期扩展,以及由爆生裂纹处反射拉伸波作用使其向爆生裂纹发展的后期阶段;当炮孔与空孔距离较大时,反射应力波及应力集中效应对爆生裂纹和预制裂纹扩展在减弱,爆生裂纹与预制裂纹扩展行为仅有前期直线扩展阶段。"径距比"的大小对爆破效果影响较大,直眼掏槽爆破应以最优"径距比"作为掏槽爆破参数设计的依据。     

提升生活排水系统卫生安全性能的关键问题

新冠肺炎确诊患者粪便病毒检测呈阳性,意味着新冠病毒可能会通过气溶胶的方式进行传播,使得生活排水系统的卫生安全问题时隔17年后再次摆在人们面前。以保障人的健康为出发点,从基础研究、排水机理、系统设计、施工监管、维护管理等多方面提出了提升生活排水系统卫生安全性能的关键问题,以期从全生命周期内切断排水系统可能传播病毒的隐形途径,切实保障居民居家健康。     

煤层顶板裂隙高位定向长钻孔安全高效抽采技术的研究与应用

放顶煤开采期间，上覆岩层受到矿压的影响，形成冒落带、裂隙带、弯曲下沉带，工作面采空区遗煤和围岩涌出的大量瓦斯飘浮在上方裂隙带区域，造成瓦斯聚集并向外涌出，形成了安全隐患，因此必须将该区域瓦斯抽出来；以往治理采空区瓦斯主要采用顶板裂隙高位钻场、顶板高抽巷等措施，但是这2种方法施工成本较高，且施工周期长，对生产接替影响较大。煤层顶板裂隙高位定向长钻孔安全高效抽采采用大功率钻机+定向钻进技术，在裂隙带施工控制整个回采范围的长钻孔，减少采空区和邻近层瓦斯向工作面空间的流动，真正实现了“以孔代巷”，既节省了成本，又缩短了工期，还提高了采空区瓦斯抽采的连续性、稳定性，减少了采空区瓦斯向外涌出，提升了瓦斯抽采效果，促进了煤矿安全高效发展。     

Uncovering sentiment and retweet patterns of disaster-related tweets from a spatiotemporal perspective – A case study of Hurricane Harvey

Social media has been widely used for emergency communication both in disaster-affected areas and unaffected areas. Comparing emotional reaction and information propagation between on-site users and off-site users from a spatiotemporal perspective can help better comprehend collective human behavior during natural disasters. In this study, we investigate sentiment and retweet patterns of disaster-affected areas and disaster-unaffected areas at different stages of Hurricane Harvey. The results show that off-site tweets were more negative than on-site tweets, especially during the disaster. As for retweet patterns, indifferent-neutral and positive tweets spread broader than mixed-neutral and negative tweets. However, negative tweets spread faster than positive tweets, which reveals that social media users were more sensitive to negative information in disaster situations. With the development of the disaster, social media users were more sensitive to on-site positive messages than off-site negative posts. This data-driven study reveals the significant effect of sentiment expression on the publication and re-distribution of disaster-related messages. It generates implications for emergency communication and disaster management.     

基于双层修正无迹卡尔曼的水下节点定位算法* .txt

摘要：针对水下无线传感网络中运动节点定位精度低的问题，提出了一种新的基于双层修正无迹卡尔曼的水下节点定位算法(DLMUKF)。该算法利用下层无迹卡尔曼滤波算法对节点状态进行预测，根据各信标节点的测距传播时延对预测的节点状态进行修正。运用上层无迹卡尔曼滤波算法对修正后的状态进行新的预测与修正。仿真实验中，DLMUKF算法的平均定位误差约为传统多边定位算法的15%，约为基于无迹卡尔曼滤波（UKF）定位算法的16%，受节点运动时间与速度的影响最小。通过实验证明DLMUKF算法能更充分利用实际距离值，可以有效减小运动节点的定位误差。 .txt