涤纶浸染用高固色率液体分散染料

研究了菲诺CLT型液体分散染料的粒径、扩散性、高低温分散性和储存稳定性等基本性能;分析了液体分散染料的染色上染率、移染性和提升性等应用性能;对比了常规粉状染料和液体分散染料的浸染染色残液。结果表明,CLT型液体分散染料颗粒细致均匀,扩散性、高低温分散性能和存储稳定性优异。三只液体分散染料上染曲线、移染性和提升性相近,染料组合配伍性好。     

Preparation of Aqueous Nanodispersions of Disperse Dye by High-Gravity Technology and Spray Drying

Disperse dyes are poorly water-soluble and difficult to stably disperse in an aqueous medium, which greatly limits their application in dyeing synthetic fibers. Micronization can solve this problem. Herein, a facile way to prepare stable aqueous nanodispersions of disperse dye (C.I. disperse yellow 54) is presented by combining high-gravity antisolvent precipitation in a rotating packed bed (RPB) with spray drying. The as-prepared product had an average particle size of 120 nm, which could be readily redispersed in water. Compared with raw dye, the wettability and dispersibility of disperse dye nanoparticles were remarkably improved. Furthermore, the dyeing properties of the nanodispersions were obviously better than those of the commercial dye, which was micronized by ball milling.     

Sustainable progress into batchwise coloration of polyurethane nanofibers by using ultrasonic energy

Abstract

In this decade, aesthetic potentials of electrospun polymeric nanofibers for advanced apparels have been studied. For the first time, we studied the sustainable aspects in the batchwise dyeing process of electrospun polymeric nanofibers in terms of conserving thermal energy and reducing the wastewater pollution. The nanofibrous mats were prepared using polyurethane (PU) polymer followed by dyeing with disperse dyes by conventional (CN) dyeing method as well as ultrasonic (US)-assisted dyeing method. Potential of savings in thermal energy (1000?kcal), dwell time (40?min) and quantity of disperse dyes (1.5% on the mass of nanofibers) were realized during the US-assisted dyeing method in comparison with the CN dyeing method. Further, total dissolved solids (TDS) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) contents of dyeing effluents demonstrated considerable ecological merits of the US dyeing method in terms of 30% reduction in TDS and 46% reduction in COD contents in comparison with the CN dyeing method. Excellent color strength (K/S) (reached 10) of dyed PU nanofibrous mats were achieved by US-assisted dyeing method in comparison with the K/S (reached 6) with CN dyeing method. Attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR) spectroscopy, UV–Vis spectrophotometer and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis were also applied during the study for characterization.     

HPLC法测定皮革中分散黄3含量的不确定度评定

GB/T 30398-2013《皮革和毛皮化学试验致敏性分散染料的测定》中规定了皮革和毛皮中的致敏性分散染料的测定方法,按照GB/T 30398-2013标准用HPLC法测定皮革中可萃取致敏性分散染料,以分散黄3为例,分析了测试过程中不确定度的来源,对各不确定度分量进行评定及合成,并计算得出合成不确定度和扩展不确定度。结果表明,对本测试方法影响较大的不确定度分量是标准物质配制。在重复测定的条件下,测定结果的不确定度仅与溶液中的致敏性分散染料浓度有关。     

非离子表面活性剂作用下分散染料对棉沾色机理研究

通过研究非离子表面活性剂结构和浓度对C.I.分散红60增溶量、分散体系的高温稳定性、C.I.分散红60的上染率以及染浴中染料残留量的影响,探讨了在非离子表面活性剂作用下C.I.分散红60对棉沾色的机理。结果表明:非离子表面活性剂用量较低(0.5 g/L左右)时,分散体系有较好的高温稳定性,此时非离子表面活性剂对分散染料的增溶量为影响沾色的主要因素,分散染料的增溶有利于减少其对棉的沾色;随着非离子表面活性剂用量的增加(≥1 g/L),染料的上染百分率和分散体系的高温稳定性降低,分散染料对棉的沾色加重,沾色等级降低到2级。     

干粉砂浆的组分及其作用机理

本文对干粉砂浆的组分选择及几种化学添加剂的性能和作用做了详细的阐述。同时对各种成分之间的相互作用机理进行了分析。     

白竹炭涤纶的染色性能

以普通涤纶为对比,采用3种分散染料对白竹炭涤纶进行染色,探讨了分散染料对白竹炭涤纶的提升性能、动力学以及热力学性能的影响,并计算出分散染料在纤维上的染色速率常数、半染时间和分配系数。结果表明:白竹炭涤纶和普通涤纶的染色特性很相似;白竹炭涤纶的染色速率常数和分散系数稍大于普通涤纶,半染时间比普通涤纶的短。     

分散染料易染海岛复合聚酯纤维的热应力分析

以易水解聚酯(EHDPET)和新型分散染料常压可染聚酯(NEDDP)分别作为海与岛组分,通过熔融纺丝方法,制备了不同复合比的海岛复合聚酯的预取向丝(POY)。采用动态热应力仪模拟纤维加弹工艺,对EHDPET-NEDDP POY进行了不同拉伸温度、拉伸速度、拉伸倍数下的热应力测试。结果表明:随着温度从140℃提高到180℃,POY的热应力呈减小趋势;而当拉伸速度从60 m/s提高至100 m/s,或拉伸倍数从1.4增大到1.8时,POY的热应力均呈增大的趋势。     

采用分散染料混合物解决涤纶热定型色变弊病

采用升华牢度均为3.0级的分散黄E-RG-2染料混合物、分散红M-3B染料混合物和分散蓝2BLN染料作为三原色,对中浅色涤纶面料染色,在受热定型时解决了因各染料成分升华不一致而导致严重色光变化的问题,提高了成品率。该三原色进一步拼混还可获得一种分散灰SE-M染料混合物,同样也具有升华牢度的平衡性和受热定型时色光的稳定性。     

Mass Transfer in Molybdenum Extraction from Aqueous Solutions Using Nanoporous Membranes

Modeling of non‐disperse solvent extraction of molybdenum(VI) with PC‐88A as extractant and a nanoporous hollow‐fiber membrane contactor as extractor was performed. Computational fluid dynamics was applied for modeling and simulation of molybdenum extraction. Concentration, pressure, and velocity distributions for molybdenum were determined. The extraction of Mo⁶⁺ was greatly influenced by the flow rate of feed solution. The extraction efficiency was reduced with higher feed flow rate and increased with the molybdenum content in the feed. The pressure drop along the shell side of the membrane extractor was found to be not significant, being one of the advantages of membrane extractors which assist in reducing the operational costs. The proposed simulation method is capable to prognosticate the performance of solvent extraction of molybdenum in membrane extractors.