首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
文章检索
  按 检索   检索词:      
出版年份:   被引次数:   他引次数: 提示:输入*表示无穷大
  收费全文   15821篇
  免费   2422篇
  国内免费   1501篇
电工技术   643篇
技术理论   7篇
综合类   1417篇
化学工业   1414篇
金属工艺   1079篇
机械仪表   472篇
建筑科学   993篇
矿业工程   473篇
能源动力   2145篇
轻工业   250篇
水利工程   738篇
石油天然气   1334篇
武器工业   81篇
无线电   1289篇
一般工业技术   2052篇
冶金工业   499篇
原子能技术   76篇
自动化技术   4782篇
  2024年   22篇
  2023年   727篇
  2022年   963篇
  2021年   983篇
  2020年   1055篇
  2019年   906篇
  2018年   749篇
  2017年   758篇
  2016年   643篇
  2015年   669篇
  2014年   859篇
  2013年   947篇
  2012年   1049篇
  2011年   1188篇
  2010年   890篇
  2009年   893篇
  2008年   906篇
  2007年   924篇
  2006年   778篇
  2005年   669篇
  2004年   575篇
  2003年   510篇
  2002年   403篇
  2001年   268篇
  2000年   287篇
  1999年   217篇
  1998年   146篇
  1997年   133篇
  1996年   116篇
  1995年   83篇
  1994年   101篇
  1993年   39篇
  1992年   48篇
  1991年   36篇
  1990年   33篇
  1989年   36篇
  1988年   30篇
  1987年   18篇
  1986年   26篇
  1985年   19篇
  1984年   6篇
  1983年   6篇
  1982年   5篇
  1981年   8篇
  1980年   5篇
  1979年   4篇
  1973年   1篇
  1970年   2篇
  1962年   1篇
  1959年   2篇
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
为指导实际双金属管精确成形工艺,基于LS-Dyna对铝/钢双金属管电磁缩径连接进行了结构场-电磁场耦合的有限元数值模拟,研究了内外管壁厚比值、内外管间隙、放电电压以及芯模对成形质量的影响规律.结果表明:内外管壁厚比值过小易引起内外管连接不紧密,比值过大易导致内管凹陷和外管开裂;随着放电电压增大或内外管间距的减小,外管缩径冲击力增大,导致内管周向应力的急剧增大和失稳起皱,同时造成外管开裂;而随着放电电压减小或内外管间距的增大,外管相对的缩径冲击力减小,内管会因无法经历一个有效的形变回弹过程导致内外管有效连接区域逐渐减小;采用弹性芯模可一定程度抑制开裂等宏观缺陷的产生,同时也能适当增加内管的回弹.最后,基于理论计算与有限元仿真获得复合管电磁成形规律和缺陷控制理论,以增大有效连接区域长度、减少宏观缺陷为目标进行优化,在施加弹性芯模的状态下,内管壁厚维持1 mm不变,外管壁厚取1.5 mm,内外管间隙取0.7 mm,放电电压取50 kV时得到的成形质量最佳.  相似文献   
2.
将冷轧Ti/Al层状复合材料在675~750 ℃下进行不同时间的退火处理,退火过程中钛和铝都保持过剩,研究了Ti/Al层状复合材料的界面微观组织演变。结果表明:Ti和Al的界面层由2个亚层组成,其中一个为紧密的TiAl3亚层,其微观结构为紧密的TiAl3层,其中分布着随机取向的充满Al的裂纹,另一个为颗粒状的TiAl3亚层,其微观组织结构是颗粒状的TiAl3分布在Al基体中。在不同的退火温度和时间条件下,紧密TiAl3亚层的厚度几乎没有变化,但是颗粒状亚层的厚度随着退火温度及时间的增加而增加;另外,界面层中的TiAl3颗粒的体积分数在不同的温度下均随着退火时间的延长而下降。因此提出了反应扩散模型来描述界面层的形成机理,在此模型中,TiAl3相是化学反应和扩散的结果,并且也考虑了TiAl3相的溶解。计算结果表明TiAl3相的形成与生长由化学反应控制,其等效厚度与退火时间之间遵循线性规律,这主要是因为Ti和Al原子能够快速地通过紧密的薄TiAl3亚层。  相似文献   
3.
We study the structure, crystallization, and performances of the sealing glasses with the composition (mol.%) of 12Al2O3·8B2O3·40SiO2·40RO (R = Mg, Ca, Sr) for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) before and after isothermal treatment at 700°C, which is within the operation temperature range (600-800°C) of SOFCs. The crystallization behavior has been investigated by differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray diffraction under both dynamic and isothermal conditions. The structural evolution is probed using the Raman and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopies. The performances of the sealing glasses are characterized in terms of the coefficient of thermal expansion, the crystallization-induced stress at glass–steel interface. We find that strong crystallization occurs at the operation temperature (700°C) far below the crystallization onset temperature measured by DSC. The structure origin of this anomalous crystallization is discussed in terms of structural heterogeneity of the three studied glasses. We determine the residual stress at the interface between the Ca-containing glass and the steel after isothermal treatment at 700°C for 48 h, but this stress does not lead to falling off the glass layer from the steel. This indicates that this glass is a good candidate to be applied in SOFCs.  相似文献   
4.
《Ceramics International》2021,47(20):28848-28858
The construction of photocatalyst with gradient band structure is guided by the principle of band gap engineering. Rational structural design is advanced and applied to construct a new-typed peculiarly structural and functional carbon-based [TiO2/C]//[Bi2WO6/C] Janus nanofiber modified by g-C3N4 nanosheets heterostructure photocatalyst (denoted as TB-JgHP). The flexible carbon-based [TiO2/C]//[Bi2WO6/C] Janus nanofiber with one side responding to ultraviolet light and the other capturing visible light is fabricated by conjugate electrospinning, and then g-C3N4 nanosheets are uniformly grown in-situ on the surface of the Janus nanofibers by using gas-solid reaction via gasification of urea. The optimized TB-JgHP possesses remarkable hydrogen evolution efficiency (17.48 mmol h−1 g−1) and methylene blue degradation rate (99.2%) under simulated sunlight illumination for 100 min, demonstrating prominent dual-functional characteristics. The enhanced photocatalytic performance benefits from the unique Janus structure as well as the synergistic effects among the triple heterostructures of TiO2 and Bi2WO6, g-C3N4 and TiO2, g-C3N4 and Bi2WO6. The formation of gradient band structure among heterostructures is more conducive to the multi-step separation of photo-induced electron-hole pairs and more effective absorption of light. Further, flexible self-standing carbon-based photocatalysts not only have outstanding electron transport performance, but also are easy to separate from solution with preeminent recyclable stability. Based on a series of characterization techniques, it is further proved that TB-JgHP has higher carrier separation efficiency than the counterpart contrast samples. The formation mechanism of TB-JgHP is proposed, and the construction technique is established. The design philosophy and construction technique presented in this work pave a new avenue for research and development of other heterostructure photocatalysts.  相似文献   
5.
金属-有机骨架材料作为前驱体制备特定形貌的纳米材料用于水氧化反应(OER),成为新的研究热点。使用溶剂热法在泡沫镍基底上合成超薄的NiCoFe-MOF纳米片,在保留其纳米片形貌的基础上原位电化学转化为金属氢(羟基)氧化物。在1 M KOH电解液中,10 mA?cm-2电流密度时的过电位仅为189 mV,Tafel斜率为35 mV/dec,且长时间电解实验表明其具有较高稳定性。原位拉曼结果表明,反应的高活性来源于反应过程中的“活性氧物种”中间体。  相似文献   
6.
The uniform refinement mechanisms and methods of deformed mixed and coarse grains inside a solution-treatment Ni-based superalloy during two-stage annealing treatment have been investigated.The two-stage heat treatment experiments include an aging annealing treatment(AT)and a subsequent recrystallization annealing treatment(RT).The object of AT is to precipitate some δ phases and consume part of storage energy to inhibit the grain growth during RT,while the RT is to refine mixed and coarse grains by recrystallization.It can be found that the recrystallization grains will quickly grow up to a large size when the AT time is too low or the RT temperature is too high,while the deformed coarse grains cannot be eliminated when the AT time is too long or the RT temperature is too low.In addition,the mixed microstructure composed of some abnormal coarse recrystallization grains(ACRGs)and a large number of fine grains can be observed in the annealed specimen when the AT time is 3 h and RT tem-perature is 980℃.The phenomenon attributes to the uneven distribution of δ phase resulted from the heterogeneous deformation energy when the AT time is too short.In the regions with a large number of δ phases,the recrystallization nucleation rate is promoted and the growth of grains is limited,which results in fine grains.However,in the regions with few δ phases,the recrystallization grains around grain boundaries can easily grow up,and the new recrystallization nucleus is difficult to form inside grain,which leads to ACRGs.Thus,in order to obtain uniform and fine annealed microstructure,it is a prereq-uisite to precipitate even-distributed δ phase by choosing a suitable AT time,such as 12 h.Moreover,a relative high RT temperature is also needed to promote the recrystallization nucleation around δ phase.The optimal annealing parameters range for uniformly refining mixed crystal can be summarized as:900℃×12 h+990℃×(40-60 min)and 900℃×12 h+1000℃×(10-15 min).  相似文献   
7.
8.
电力CPS环境下电力4G无线专网向5G演进策略   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
构建高效连接、大容量带宽、低通信时延的电力无线专网,是电力信息物理系统(cyber physical system, CPS)业务可靠运行的重要保障,有必要对电力CPS环境下电力无线专网进行研究。首先分析了电力CPS环境下电力业务对通信网络的需求,结合电力业务特征研究了5G通信技术的通信组网架构。然后结合电力业务需求和5G通技术特点,提出了电力4G无线专网向5G演进目标,并构建了循序渐进的演进思路。分别提出电力4G无线专网终端、基站、回传网、核心网的演进策略。最后,对电力无线专网的演进策略进行了展望。  相似文献   
9.
《Ceramics International》2021,47(20):28976-28984
In the era of Photonics, design and development of novel rare earth ion-doped quantum dots (QDs) for optoelectronic applications has gained significant interest owing to their outstanding characteristics. Simultaneously, the creation of a new class of photocatalytic materials on the nanoscale is also imperative for environmental purification. Thus, we report on wet chemical synthesis, the structural, morphological, and optical characteristics, fluorescence, and hydrogen evolution of ZnS:Eu (0, 2, 4, and 6 at%) QDs for optoelectronic and photocatalytic applications. Comprehensive structural studies depicted that Eu3+ ions were efficiently substituted into the host matrix and altered the original structure of the ZnS compound. The emission spectra of the ZnS:Eu QDs exhibited distinctive red fluorescence owing to the transition of dopant ions in 5D0 - 7F1, 5D0 - 7F2, 5D0 - 7F3, and 5D0 - 7F4 energy levels of the 4f orbital of the Eu3+ ions. Moreover, the photocatalytic properties of ZnS:Eu (6 at%) QDs possess better catalytic efficiency toward hydrogen evolution through a water splitting mechanism under simulated sunlight irradiation. The observed photocatalytic phenomenon in the synthesized samples agreed well with the luminescence properties exhibited by the QDs.  相似文献   
10.
Non-precious metal-based catalysts for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) have been extensively studied, among which the transition metal X-ides (including phosph-ides, sulf-ides, nitr-ides, and carb-ides) materials are emerging as promising candidates to replace the benchmark Ir/Ru-based materials in alkaline media. However, it is controversial whether the metal Xides host the real active sites since these metal Xides are thermodynamically unstable under a harsh OER environment—it has been reported that the initial metal Xides can be electrochemically oxidized and transformed into corresponding oxides and (oxy)hydroxides. Therefore, the metal Xides are argued as “pre-catalysts”; the electrochemically formed oxides and (oxy)hydroxides are believed as the real active moieties for OER. Herein, the recent advances in understanding the transformation behavior of metal Xides during OER are re-looked; importantly, hypotheses are provided to understand why the electrochemically formed oxides and (oxy)hydroxides catalysts derived from metal Xides are superior for OER to the as-prepared metal oxides and (oxy)hydroxides catalysts.  相似文献   
设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号