Effect of color,gloss, and surface texture perception on scratch and mar visibility in polymers

Scratch and mar can critically impact the aesthetics of polymeric surfaces. Their quantification poses considerable challenges, especially for subtle mar damages. Here, we report a new standardized approach that utilizes a modified ASTM/ISO scratch test standard and a psychophysical tool to quantify scratch and mar visibility. The new methodology was then used to study the influence of color, gloss, and texture perception on scratch and mar visibility resistance. These factors have limited influence on scratch visibility onset. However, faint mar damage is more sensitive to surface perceptual properties. It has been found that overall visibility throughout the entire damage path is a better indicator for ranking mar damage. Results show that contrast slope variation parameter can consistently quantify mar visibility and simulate human perception. Green, glossy, and smooth surfaces tend to have less mar visibility resistance. The effect of a fatty amide slip agent was also investigated. These modifiers improved both scratch and mar visibility resistance. This unique approach paves the way for a straightforward universal standard that can be utilized to reliably quantify scratch and mar visibility in polymers, thereby opening up a new avenue for the design of polymeric materials with better scratch and mar visibility resistance.     

The impact of baking conditions on physico-chemical characteristics influencing topography and appearance aspects of polyurethane coatings

The appearance aspects of an electrodeposited polyurethane-based coating as a function of baking condition were investigated. Specular gloss and color was measured as a mean to trace the changes of the surface topography due to baking conditions. Atomic force microscopy combined with FTIR spectroscopic investigations showed that the shrinkage occurred due to the high baking temperature results in surface roughness. Films baked at higher temperature form higher-T_g networks. The color was changed to yellow as the baking temperature was raised.     

外墙乳胶漆失光率研究

通过实验,分析讨论了乳液、纳米二氧化硅、白云母对外墙乳胶漆失光率的影响。研究结果表明,乳液的性能不同,乳胶漆的失光率不同;乳胶漆中加入0.1%纳米SiO2,失光率由39%降为12.7%,乳胶漆的失光率明显降低;加入白云母5%,失光率降低16%,对乳胶漆的光泽度和失光率都有一定的改善作用。     

丝光、半光和有光建筑乳胶漆的耐水性和耐碱性

根据光泽对乳胶漆进行分类的基础上,分析了丝光、半光和有光乳胶漆耐水性和耐碱性问题的原因,并提 出改进措施和延长试板养护期的建议。     

注塑工艺对ASA光泽的影响

采用双螺杆挤出机加入消光剂等助剂制备了不同光泽的高耐候丙烯腈–苯乙烯–丙烯酸酯塑料(ASA),并研究了注塑温度、注射速度、模具温度、保压压力以及保压时间等注塑工艺对ASA注塑制品表面光泽的影响。结果表明,消光剂在ASA中有很好的哑光效果,通过控制其添加量可以获得力学性能和低光泽综合性能优异的哑光ASA。注塑工艺对ASA光泽研究结果显示,模具温度和注塑温度是影响ASA表面光泽的最主要工艺参数。在合理的注塑加工范围内,适当地提高注塑温度、模具温度和保压压力,以及适当地延长保压时间可以获得低光泽效果优异的注塑件。     

模拟海洋大气环境下铝合金表面锌黄环氧底漆/丙烯酸聚氨酯面漆涂层体系失效过程研究

目的研究5A06型铝基材所使用的锌黄环氧底漆/丙烯酸聚氨酯面漆涂层体系的失效过程。方法设计"紫外/冷凝3 d+中性盐雾3 d+低温暴露1 d"为一个周期的实验室循环加速试验,采用交流阻抗谱法,结合光泽度、色差值、红外光谱等数据,研究涂层体系性能。结果循环加速试验进行到16周,该过程中面漆的失光率、色差值上升,达到轻微失光等级和轻微变色等级。面漆的表面形貌及涂层的低频阻抗发生明显变化,第12周时在光学显微镜下明显可见微小鼓泡,涂层0.1 Hz阻抗保持在109W·cm~2以上,但此后鼓泡数量增加,部分鼓泡破损,颜填料流出;第14周时,0.1 Hz阻抗下降到108W·cm~2,此后鼓泡数量进一步增加,部分鼓泡处面漆脱落;第16周时,0.1 Hz阻抗下降到约为107W·cm~2。结论丙烯酸聚氨酯面漆树脂基体特征官能团、聚合物链发生断裂,面漆的完整性遭到破坏,这可能与紫外线照射相关。这将加速涂层中腐蚀性介质(如水、氧和侵蚀性氯离子)渗透,促进涂层的失效。     

硝基涂料光泽不稳定因素的探讨

硝基涂料成膜光泽不稳定的因素有多种,不仅和涂料质量有关,而且和涂装因素、待干因素、测试设备都有很大的关联。维持稳定的涂膜光泽其实并不难。     

水性塑料凹印油墨分散工艺的研究

改变不同颜料分散技术参数制备水性塑料凹印油墨,考察油墨分散技术对分散效果的影响。结果表明:砂磨机中使用锆珠作为研磨介质,对颜料的研磨分散效果比用玻璃珠效果要好;使用砂磨机研磨分散颜料时,应该使用适当直径大小的研磨介质;研磨时间对颜料分散影响较大,要保证足够的研磨时间;均质机对颜料分散的效果比砂磨机的研磨效果好。     

高光水性上光油的研制及检测

用于高光水性上光油的树脂可以由苯乙烯（St）、甲基丙烯酸（MAA）、甲基丙烯酸甲酯（MMA）、丙烯酸-2-乙基已酯（OA）四种单体通过设计树脂配方,采用自由基乳液聚合方式合成,再经过合理的调配比例和加助剂来配制出高光水性上光油。当软树脂、硬树脂、碱溶树脂三种树脂的配比为1：1：1的时候,涂膜的光泽度比较好;蜡乳液用量的...     

水性木器涂料在户外的应用研究

从树脂选择、成膜助剂选择、紫外光吸收、杀菌防霉等主要助剂的选择以及产品的性能特点,阐述了水性户外木器涂料的要求和应用。介绍了一种户外木器透明有色面漆配方,并进行了QUV加速老化试验。研究表明该配方产品耐候性好、防霉、抗藻、耐水和耐化学性好、干燥快,施工性优异,绿色环保。