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1.
Pranesh Dayal Rifat Farzana Yingjie Zhang Gregory R. Lumpkin Rohan Holmes Gerry Triani Daniel J. Gregg 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》2022,105(8):5359-5372
Zirconolite-rich full ceramic wasteforms designed to immobilize Pu-bearing wastes were produced via hot isostatic pressing (HIP) using stainless steel (SS) and nickel (Ni) HIP canisters. A detailed profiling of the elemental compositions of the major and minor phases over the canister–wasteform interaction zone was performed using scanning electron microscopy combined with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) characterization. Bulk sample analyses from regions near the center of the HIP canister were also conducted for both samples using X-ray diffraction and SEM-EDS. The sample with the Ni HIP canister showed almost no interaction zone with only minor diffusion of Ni from the inner wall of the canister into the near-surface region of the wasteform. The sample with the SS HIP canister showed ∼100–120 μm of interaction zone dominated by high-temperature Cr diffusion from canister materials to the wasteform with the Cr predominantly incorporated into the durable zirconolite phase. We also examined, for the first time, changes to the HIP canister wall thickness caused by HIPing and demonstrated that no canister wall thinning occurred. Instead, in the areas examined, the canister wall thickness was observed to increase (up to ∼20%) due to the compression occurring during the HIP cycle. Further, only sparse formation of (Cr, Mn)-rich oxide particles were noted within the HIP canister inner wall area immediately adjacent to the ceramic material, with no evidence for reverse diffusion of ceramic materials. Though the HIP canister–wasteform interaction extends to ∼120 μm when using an SS HIP canister for the system investigated, this translates to <<1 vol.% for an industrial scale HIPed wasteform. Importantly, the HIP canister–wasteform interactions did not produce any obviously less durable phases in the wasteform or had any detrimental impact on the HIP canister properties. 相似文献
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Moustapha Moussa Amudhan Ponrajan Osvaldo H. Campanella Martin R. Okos Mario M. Martinez Bruce R. Hamaker 《International Journal of Food Science & Technology》2022,57(7):4594-4601
Traditional West African pearl millet couscous products are popular; however, their preparation is laborious, time-consuming and energy-demanding, involving agglomeration, steaming, drying and sieving steps. In this study, a process was developed to produce millet couscous using a high pressure, high temperature and low-cost single-screw extruder. The innovation was to directly process the cooked low-moisture extrudate to a couscous product by drying and milling to the appropriate particle size (ranging between 1 and 2 mm). Throughput for the traditional process as prepared for commercial sale is 50 kg per day, but with the same amount of labour, the extrusion process yields ~350 kg per day. A consumer sensory study held in Niamey (Niger) showed that the extruded millet couscous was comparable to traditional couscous, though this was dependent on selection of the proper millet variety. This novel extrusion process could stimulate small- to medium-scale manufacturing of couscous and couscous-type products in West Africa. 相似文献
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提出了一种镁合金管材转角焊合室分流挤压新工艺,该工艺可在有效延长焊合室长度和焊合时间前提下保证舌针刚度,从而保证管材尺寸精度,并且可通过转角剪切变形机制增加预焊合金属变形量和动态再结晶程度,从而有利于提高管材性能和焊缝焊合性能。利用有限元法揭示了转角焊合室分流挤压成形过程中金属的流动特征,应变分布特征和焊合室内的静水压力分布特征。结果表明,整个挤压过程无金属折叠,从而保证管材的表面质量;流经转角后预焊合金属变形量明显增加,有利于提高管材质量和焊缝质量。最后,研究揭示了坯料初始温度,挤压速度和模具转角对焊合室内静水压力的影响规律。结果表明,随着挤压速度的增加和模具转角的增大,转角焊合室内静水压力增大;随着坯料预热温度的增加,转角焊合室内静水压力呈先增大后减小的趋势。 相似文献
4.
Sophie Bresch Björn Mieller Daniela Schönauer-Kamin Ralf Moos Timmy Reimann Fabien Giovannelli Torsten Rabe 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》2021,104(2):917-927
Calcium cobaltite Ca3Co4O9, abbreviated Co349, is a promising thermoelectric material for high-temperature applications in air. Its anisotropic properties can be assigned to polycrystalline parts by texturing. Tape casting and pressure-assisted sintering (PAS) are a possible future way for a cost-effective mass-production of thermoelectric generators. This study examines the influence of pressure and dwell time during PAS at 900°C of tape-cast Co349 on texture and thermoelectric properties. Tape casting aligns lentoid Co349. PAS results in a textured Co349 microstructure with the thermoelectrically favorable ab-direction perpendicular to the pressing direction. By pressure variation during sintering, the microstructure of Co349 can be tailored either toward a maximum figure of merit as required for energy harvesting or toward a maximum power factor as required for energy harvesting. Moderate pressure of 2.5 MPa results in 25% porosity and a textured microstructure with a figure of merit of 0.13 at 700°C, two times higher than the dry-pressed, pressureless-sintered reference. A pressure of 7.5 MPa leads to 94% density and a high power factor of 326 µW/mK2 at 800°C, which is 11 times higher than the dry-pressed reference (30 MPa) from the same powder. 相似文献
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Expanded graphite (EG) is introduced into poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) by melt mixing extrusion with water injection. The results demonstrate that the unfunctionalized EG in composite prepared with water injection exbibits better dispersion than that in the one prepared without water injection due to the promoting role of water during extrusion. Thus, the PVDF/EG composite with loading of 4 wt% prepared by water‐assisted mixing extrusion (WAME) exhibits electrical conductivity of about three orders of magnitude higher than the neat PVDF and one order of magnitude higher than the one prepared without water injection. Comparing to the neat PVDF, the thermal conductivity of the composites prepared with and without water injection is increased by 101.5% and 75.0%, respectively. The introduced EG leads to increased Young’s modulus and tensile strength especially for the composite prepared by WAME. The present work indicates that WAME can promote the dispersion of EG in PVDF matrix without any extra functionalization. 相似文献
8.
利用Gleeble-3500热模拟试验机研究了低活化马氏体钢在变形温度为850~950 ℃、应变速率为0.001~1 s-1条件下的热变形行为。建立了流变应力本构方程,并评估了该方程的预测能力。绘制了低活化马氏体钢在不同应变下的热加工图。结果表明:在较高的应变速率条件下,该材料主要发生动态回复,在较高变形温度和较低应变速率下具有明显的动态再结晶特征;本构方程的预测结果与实验结果符合良好;变形温度870~930 ℃、应变速率0.001~0.01 s-1和变形温度920~950 ℃、应变速率0.3~1 s-1分别是真应变为0.4和0.6下最优的热加工区域。 相似文献
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