全文获取类型
收费全文 | 6528篇 |
免费 | 851篇 |
国内免费 | 133篇 |
专业分类
电工技术 | 31篇 |
综合类 | 300篇 |
化学工业 | 5200篇 |
金属工艺 | 87篇 |
机械仪表 | 28篇 |
建筑科学 | 23篇 |
矿业工程 | 43篇 |
能源动力 | 176篇 |
轻工业 | 219篇 |
水利工程 | 2篇 |
石油天然气 | 589篇 |
武器工业 | 28篇 |
无线电 | 173篇 |
一般工业技术 | 492篇 |
冶金工业 | 86篇 |
原子能技术 | 21篇 |
自动化技术 | 14篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 11篇 |
2023年 | 157篇 |
2022年 | 158篇 |
2021年 | 233篇 |
2020年 | 255篇 |
2019年 | 247篇 |
2018年 | 170篇 |
2017年 | 193篇 |
2016年 | 323篇 |
2015年 | 303篇 |
2014年 | 305篇 |
2013年 | 349篇 |
2012年 | 396篇 |
2011年 | 446篇 |
2010年 | 339篇 |
2009年 | 448篇 |
2008年 | 286篇 |
2007年 | 360篇 |
2006年 | 324篇 |
2005年 | 318篇 |
2004年 | 266篇 |
2003年 | 258篇 |
2002年 | 240篇 |
2001年 | 209篇 |
2000年 | 165篇 |
1999年 | 153篇 |
1998年 | 108篇 |
1997年 | 64篇 |
1996年 | 74篇 |
1995年 | 54篇 |
1994年 | 45篇 |
1993年 | 35篇 |
1992年 | 29篇 |
1991年 | 28篇 |
1990年 | 17篇 |
1989年 | 12篇 |
1988年 | 11篇 |
1987年 | 15篇 |
1986年 | 7篇 |
1985年 | 19篇 |
1984年 | 23篇 |
1983年 | 27篇 |
1982年 | 20篇 |
1981年 | 1篇 |
1951年 | 11篇 |
排序方式: 共有7512条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Liu Yang Pengfei Yu Wenyuan Li Fengliang Cao Xin Jin Sheng Xue Xianglong Zhang Tingwei Zhang Mingbo Wu Wenting Wu 《American Institute of Chemical Engineers》2022,68(9):e17760
Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) has been listed as one of the 100 most important chemicals in the world. However, huge amount of residual H2O2 is hard to timely decomposed into O2 and H2O under acidic condition, easily resulting in explosion hazard. Here, we reported a core–shell structure catalyst, that is graphene with Co N structure encapsulated Co nanoparticles. Co N graphene shell serves as the active site for the H2O2 decomposition, and Co core further enhance this decomposition. Benefiting from it, the H2O2 decomposition were close to 100% after 6 cycles without pH adjustment, which increased 6 orders of magnitude compared with no catalyst. At the same time, the O2 generation reached 99.67% in 2 h with little metal leaching, and ·OH has been greatly inhibited to only 0.08%. This work can cleanly remove H2O2 with little deep oxidation and protect the process of H2O2 utilization to achieve a safer world. 相似文献
2.
Transition metal-nitrogen-carbon (M-N-C) materials have been the focus of scientists’ efforts to address the rising need for earth-abundant materials solutions for energy technology and decarbonization of the economy. They are viewed as one of the most promising candidates to replace platinum group metal (PGM) catalysts in the fuel cell and energy conversion fields, including the application of oxygen reduction reaction, carbon dioxide reduction reaction, and nitrogen reduction reaction. In the effort to improve M-N-C materials properties and achieve atomic dispersity of the transition metal in the carbonaceous matrix, a re-pyrolysis process has been proposed. This secondary heat treatment process of already obtained primary pyrolysis-derived M-N-C materials has been widely reported to substantially improve the electrochemical performance and operational stability of the catalysts. Here, we report a systematic investigation of this process used on samples of templated M-N-C catalysts to obtain state-of-the-art catalysts via in situ heating X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and X-ray computed tomography (CT) characterization methods. It is found that the re-pyrolysis of M-N-C materials could result in the partial amorphization of the carbonaceous substrate. It causes the rearrangement and transformation of multitudinous N moieties, leading to optimization of their morphological display and association with atomically dispersed transition metal dopants. Ultimately, the re-pyrolysis results in an increase in uniformity of the active Fe-Nx sites distribution without the formation of nano-crystalline phases (metallic or carbide) and with overall preservation of the morphology of the carbonaceous framework achieved during the first formative pyrolysis step of the templated synthesis. These observations provide confirmation that empirically established re-pyrolysis is recommended to be used on all M-N-C materials despite the different synthesis routes to obtain a practical advanced catalytic material. 相似文献
3.
Suzuki-Miyaura (S-M) is regarded the most powerful way for synthesis biaryls, triaryls, or incorporating of substituted aryl moieties in organic preparation by the cross-coupling of aryl boronic acid with aryl halides using the Pd catalyst. This work reports the combining of the hydrothermal and microwave-assisted protocol to convert the glucose to magnetic carbon spheres (Fe3O4-CSPs) decorated with Pd nanoparticles (NPs) as the catalyst for Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reactions. The physicochemical properties in the produced composite were examined using FESEM, HRTEM, nitrogen isotherms, Raman spectroscopy, FTIR, XPS, and XRD. The as-fabricated composite Pd/Fe3O4-CSPs is mostly spherical with a core–shell structure and possesses a great surface area of 253.2 m2·g-1. Its catalytic performance demonstrates that the composite has excellent stability and high tolerance Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reactions in 30 min at 80 ℃. Both activated and deactivated aryl halides provided excellent yield. The as-fabricated catalyst was recycled for up to four catalytic cycles without a substantial decline in performance. Moreover, this research offers a facile roadmap for synthesizing Pd/Fe3O4-CSPs composites and promoting the practical implementation of Pd/Fe3O4-CSPs catalysts for organic transformation processes. 相似文献
4.
羟基磷灰石(HAP)由于具有无毒性、生物相容性、热稳定性、吸附性、离子交换性、结构稳定性等,因而被广泛应用到催化剂的制备中。作为一种新型催化材料,HAP的特殊晶体结构对一些反应表现出催化活性,并且经过改性、负载等方法处理过后的HAP催化剂显示出独特的催化优势。基于近年来HAP在催化邻域的发展,综述了HAP作为催化材料在降解污染物、制氢、药物合成、还原氮氧化物等反应中的不同应用,并对未来的研究方向进行了展望。 相似文献
5.
Dr. Md Kausar Raza Aisha Noor Dr. Paresh Kumar Samantaray 《Chembiochem : a European journal of chemical biology》2021,22(23):3270-3272
Individually, photoredox catalysis (PC) and photodynamic therapy (PDT) are well-established concepts that have experienced a remarkable resurgence in recent years, leading to significant progress in organic synthesis for PC and clinical approval of anticancer drugs for PDT. But, very recently, new photoredox catalyst systems based on Ir(III) and Ru(II) complexes have garnered significant interest because they can simultaneously be used as PDT agents apart from their demonstrated PC activity. This highlight discusses the unique PC behavior of emerging Ir(III)- and Ru(II)-based systems while also examining their potential PDT activity in cancer treatment. 相似文献
6.
Dr. Santosh Shivakumaraswamy Nivedita Pandey Dr. Lionel Ballut Dr. Sébastien Violot Prof. Dr. Nushin Aghajari Prof. Dr. Hemalatha Balaram 《Chembiochem : a European journal of chemical biology》2020,21(19):2805-2817
GMP synthetase catalyses the conversion of XMP to GMP through a series of reactions that include hydrolysis of Gln to generate ammonia in the glutamine amidotransferase (GATase) domain, activation of XMP to adenyl-XMP intermediate in the ATP pyrophosphatase (ATPPase) domain and reaction of ammonia with the intermediate to generate GMP. The functioning of GMP synthetases entails bidirectional domain crosstalk, which leads to allosteric activation of the GATase domain, synchronization of catalytic events and tunnelling of ammonia. Herein, we have taken recourse to the analysis of structures of GMP synthetases, site-directed mutagenesis and steady-state and transient kinetics on the Plasmodium falciparum enzyme to decipher the molecular basis of catalysis in the ATPPase domain and domain crosstalk. Our results suggest an arrangement at the interdomain interface, of helices with residues that play roles in ATPPase catalysis as well as domain crosstalk enabling the coupling of ATPPase catalysis with GATase activation. Overall, the study enhances our understanding of GMP synthetases, which are drug targets in many infectious pathogens. 相似文献
7.
针对传统棉织物冷轧堆漂白法耗时长和耗碱高等问题,研究复合氧漂活化体系在棉针织布冷轧堆漂白中的应用。通过单因素试验法和正交试验法探讨各漂白因素对棉织物白度和断裂强力的影响。结果表明:在室温30℃,复合氧漂剂质量浓度4 g/L,H 2O 2质量浓度32.5 g/L,NaOH质量浓度5 g/L,堆置时间7 h时,该棉氧漂活化体系可获得与常规冷轧堆氧漂工艺相当的织物白度,并明显减少织物强力损伤,提高前处理效率,为实践生产提供参考。 相似文献
8.
乙醇的规模化生产和其在汽油中有限的添加量推动了乙醇的高值化利用。由于丁醇具有独特的物化性能,将乙醇一步催化转化为丁醇受到人们的普遍关注。本文主要综述了乙醇催化转化到丁醇的最新研究进展,阐述了不同均相催化剂、羟基磷灰石、氧化物和金属促进氧化物催化剂对乙醇转化率和丁醇选择性的影响,探讨了典型催化剂上乙醇催化转化到丁醇中的双分子机理和Guerbet机理,总结了乙醇催化转化到丁醇中存在的问题、机遇和挑战。提出未来乙醇催化转化的研究重点应该放在高乙醇转化率下丁醇的选择性控制上,即利用均相催化剂研究策略,借助近原位条件下反应机理研究的结果,设计合成新型催化剂体系,实现乙醇到丁醇的高效转化。 相似文献
9.
Kun Du Rong Li Dongrui Zhang Dr. Wei Feng 《Chembiochem : a European journal of chemical biology》2019,20(5):701-709
R-ω-Transaminases (RTAs) catalyse the conversion of R-configured amines [e.g., (R)-1-phenylethylamine] into the corresponding ketones (e.g., acetophenone), by transferring an amino group from an amino donor [e.g., (R)-1-phenylethylamine] onto an amino acceptor (e.g., pyruvate), resulting in a co-product (e.g., d -alanine). d -Alanine can be deaminated back to pyruvate by d -amino acid oxidase (DAAOs). Here, through in vivo subunit splicing, the N terminus of an RTA subunit (RTAS) was specifically ligated to the C terminus of a DAAO subunit (DAAOS) through native peptide bonds (RTA&DAAO). RTAS is in close proximity to DAAOS, at a molecular-scale distance. Thus the transfer of pyruvate and d -alanine between RTA and DAAO can be directional and efficient. Pyruvate→d -alanine→pyruvate cycles are efficiently formed, thus promoting the forward transamination reaction. In a different, in vitro noncovalent approach, based on coiled-coil association, the RTAS N terminus was specifically associated with the DAAOS C terminus (RTA#DAAO). In addition, the two mixed individual enzymes (RTA+DAAO) were also studied. RTA&DAAO has a shorter distance between the paired subunits (RTAS–DAAOS) than RTA#DAAO, and the number of the paired subunits is higher than in the case of RTA#DAAO, whereas RTA+DAAO cannot form the paired subunits. RTA&DAAO exhibited a transamination catalysis efficiency higher than that of RTA#DAAO and much higher than that of RTA+DAAO. 相似文献
10.
Rene M. Ripken Jeffery A. Wood Johannes G. E. Gardeniers Sverine Le Gac 《化学工程与技术》2019,42(10):2179-2186
In heterogeneous catalysis, the creation of gaseous products as bubbles in a liquid phase on the catalytic surface is associated with slip phenomena. In a microreactor, the slip length at the gas‐liquid interface is in the same order of magnitude as the reactor dimensions, which can affect fluid dynamics and transport phenomena. Here, the interplay of momentum, heat and mass transfer in a microreactor, when bubbles form on the catalytic surface, was investigated using two‐dimensional simulations. The effect of bubbles on the endothermic process of aqueous‐phase reforming of a glycerol solution was evaluated in terms of conversion and conversion and temperature in the reactor. Altogether, this study highlights the impact of bubbles, not only on the transport phenomena but also on the reactor performance. 相似文献