Preparation and electrochemical characterization of Ti-based amorphous metallic glass with high strength

Ti-based amorphous metallic glasses have excellent mechanical, physical, and chemical properties, which is an important development direction and research hotspot of metal composite reinforcement. As a stable, simple, efficient, and large-scale preparation technology of metallic powders, the gas atomization process provides an effective way of preparing amorphous metallic glasses. In this study, the controllable fabrication of a Ti-based amorphous powder, with high efficiency, has been realized by using gas atomization. The scanning electron microscope, energy-dispersive spectrometer, and X-ray diffraction are used to analyze surface morphology, element distribution, and phase structure, respectively. A microhardness tester is used to measure the mechanical property. An electrochemical workstation is used to characterize corrosion behavior. The results show that as-prepared microparticles are more uniform and exhibit good amorphous characteristics. The mechanical test shows that the hardness of amorphous powder is significantly increased as compared with that before preparation, which has the prospect of being an important part of engineering reinforced materials. Further electrochemical measurement shows that the corrosion resistance of the as-prepared sample is also significantly improved. This study has laid a solid foundation for expanding applications of Ti-based metallic glasses, especially in heavy-duty and corrosive domains.     

Ultrashort pulse-induced elastodynamics in polycrystalline materials. Part I: Model validation

The coupled thermal-mechanical response of a polycrystalline metallic film in response to ultrafast optical impingement is investigated. The thermo-elastodynamics formulated in the article considers laser absorption along the axial direction and thermal diffusion along the radial direction to account for the normal and shear stresses initiated by the rapid heating. The generalized formulation incorporates a two-step hyperbolic temperature model that characterizes the energy transport of electrons and lattices as finite in velocity. The coupling of thermal and mechanical fields is established through considering the energy dissipated in the form of propagating thermo-mechanical disturbances. The thermo-elastodynamical response of the polycrystalline film is found to be a strong function of the electron heat capacity that is also temperature-dependent. In addition, grain size effects due to film surface and grain-boundary scatterings are found to impact several thermophysical properties of the material. The impact of the energy transport of electrons is particularly prominent when the thickness becomes comparable with the electron mean-free-path. A staggered-grid finite difference scheme is followed to simultaneously resolve the coupled thermo-elastodynamical responses using an axisymmetric model. The time variation of the normalized electron temperature of a single crystalline gold film derived from the generalized model is favorably examined against published physical data, thus demonstrating the feasibility of the formulation in depicting the electron transport dynamics in response to non-ablating ultrafast irradiation.     

Mechanical Properties of an Fe‐Based SAM2×5‐630 Metallic Glass Matrix Composite with Tungsten Particle Additions

We present the role of tungsten additions on the mechanical properties of a Fe‐based structural amorphous metal (SAM2×5‐630) containing crystalline tungsten. Matrix cracking by microindentation is inhibited by the addition of tungsten and indicates that tungsten improves the fracture toughness. Response surfaces from nanoindentation arrays indicate that the hardness and modulus of the matrix phase are increased by tungsten additions. Bulk composites with 30 vol% tungsten subjected to 4‐point flexure exhibited brittle fracture behavior and the characteristic strength and Weibull modulus were 165 and 8.7 MPa, respectively. The addition of tungsten did not cause devitrification of the matrix phase.     

汽车水性金属闪光底色漆的研制与应用

以水性饱和聚酯树脂为基体树脂,以甲醚化氨基树脂为交联剂,以水性闪光铝银粉为效应颜料,以改性乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物蜡乳液为定向排列剂,在基材润湿剂、消泡剂、流平剂、中和剂、增稠剂、助溶剂、去离子水等的配合下制得水性金属闪光底色漆。涂膜于160℃×20 min条件下固化,具有VOC(挥发性有机化合物)含量低、硬度高、抗冲击、附着力强、闪光效果好、防腐性能优异、绿色环保、施工安全方便等优点。     

快烧金属光泽结晶釉的研究

以钠长石、钨酸、氧化锰、氧化铜为原料成功制备了装饰效果良好的低温快烧金属光泽结晶釉。并通过控制变量的方法,研究了釉中各组分及不同工艺因素对釉面效果的影响。并通过XRD等测试手段分析了釉中晶相的组成,并初步分析了釉面呈现金属光泽的机理。     

Silica based hybrid organic-inorganic materials for PEMFC application

It is of key importance to develop membrane assembly electrodes (MEAs) offering high conductivity, thermal stability and suitable performance in the fuel cell. The mesoporous materials functionalized with acid groups are appropriate candidates to improve membrane's properties. The goal of this work was to assess the addition of functionalized porous silica, bearing different acid groups, on the MEA performance in a PEM type single fuel cell. Ni₅₉Nb₄₀Pt_0.6Fe_0.4 -based amorphous alloys were applied as anode electrocatalysts. The synthesis of functionalized mesoporous silica (UGM-fx) with different acid groups, namely [SO₃H], [COOH] and [PO(OH)₂], was carried out following a nonaqueous sol gel method. The results showed that the MEA containing silica with PO(OH)₂ groups leads to an outstanding fuel cell performance compared to that of the other organic groups-based MEAs and that it outperformed a commercial Pt-based sample. This might be due to the higher proton conductivity exhibited by the phosphonic groups.     

TiO2–CdS supported CuNi nanoparticles as a highly efficient catalyst for hydrolysis of ammonia borane under visible-light irradiation

TiO₂–CdS nanotubes (NTs) were used for the first time as a support to load metal nanoparticles (NPs) for the hydrolysis of ammonia borane (AB) which is a new strategy. The TiO₂–CdS NTs support was first synthesized using a hydrothermal method, and then the CuNi NPs were loaded using a liquid-phase reduction method. The synthesized samples were characterized by XRD, SEM-EDS, TEM, XPS, ICP, UV–Vis, and PL analyses. The characterization results show that the CuNi NPs existed in the form of an alloy with a size of ~1.2 nm and uniformly dispersed on the support. Compared with their single metal counterparts, the bimetallic CuNi-supported catalysts showed a higher catalytic activity in the hydrolysis of AB under visible-light irradiation: Cu_0·45Ni_0·55/TiO₂–CdS catalyst had the fastest hydrogen evolution rate with a high conversion frequency (TOF) of 25.9 mol_H2·mol_cat⁻¹ min⁻¹ at 25 °C and low activation energy of 32.8 kJ mol⁻¹. Cu_0.45Ni_0.55/TiO₂–CdS catalyst showed good recycle performance, maintaining 99.3% and 85.6% of the original hydrogen evolution rate even after five and ten recycles, respectively. Strong absorption of visible light, improved electron–hole separation efficiency, and metal synergy between Cu and Ni elements played a crucial role in improving the catalytic hydrolysis performance of AB. The catalyst prepared in this study provides a new strategy for the application of photocatalysts.     

Excellent electro-oxidation of methanol and ethanol in alkaline media: Electrodeposition of the NiMoP metallic nano-particles on/in the ERGO layers/CE

Here, the Ni-based metallic nano-particles (Ni, NiMo and NiMoP) were electrodeposited on/in the surface of ERGO/CE substrate from a citrate-based electrolyte and their catalytic activities investigated towards methanol and ethanol electro-oxidation. The physicochemical characterizations of all prepared electrocatalysts were investigated by different electrochemical and non-electrochemical techniques. The electrocatalytic activities of the modified electrodes towards the electro-oxidation of methanol and ethanol were studied in 0.1 M NaOH solution by conventional electrochemical methods such as cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry. In the optimized electrodeposition conditions, the obtained electrochemical results indicate that the NiMoP/ERGO/CE displays dramatically improved electrocatalytic activity [J_pf (mA.cm⁻²) = 263.14 for methanol and J_pf (mA.cm⁻²) = 253.35 for ethanol], stability and poisoning tolerance towards the electro-oxidation of these fuels in alkaline solution. Finally, for comparison, the Ni (alone) and NiMo (binary) electrodeposited on/in the ERGO/CE (without P) and also studying the influence of the ERGO layers on the surface of CE, the NiMoP/CE (without ERGO) were prepared and applied as electrocatalysts.     

Mechanical degradation of proton exchange membrane during assembly and running processes in proton exchange membrane fuel cells with metallic bipolar plates

The mechanical degradation of the proton exchange membrane (PEM) is one of the main aspects affecting the lifetime of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). It was observed in our previous study that the stress/strain distribution in the PEM of fuel cells with metallic bipolar plates (BPPs) is more complex, owing to manufacturing and assembly errors of the BPPs. The present study further concentrates on the stress/strain evolution in the membrane of fuel cells throughout the assembly and running processes by a finite element model. In membranes at the joint area between the gasket and gas diffusion layers, a serious stress concentration aggravated as the misalignment displacement increases. As for the membrane in reaction area, the plastic strain reaches highest level at the center of the groove after hygrothermal loading. The maximum stress is mainly relevant to the temperature and humidity and has little concern with the misalignment. The model and results of this study offer guidance regarding the design of PEMFC. Owing to the stress concentration, an additional protection should be set in the joint area, and the assembly error should be limited within 0.05 mm.     

电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定食品接触材料及制品中钡、钴、铜、铁、锂、锰的迁移量

目的建立电感耦合等离子体质谱法同时测定食品接触材料及制品中钡、钴、铜、铁、锂、锰元素含量的方法。方法采用水、4%乙酸、10%乙醇、20%乙醇、50%乙醇和95%乙醇(V:V)作为食品模拟物进行迁移试验,试样溶液根据基质的差异选择不同的前处理方式,优化仪器参数和实验条件,最后由电感耦合等离子体质谱仪同时测定迁移试样溶液中6种金属元素的含量。结果各金属元素在一定的浓度范围内线性关系良好,相关系数大于0.999,方法检出限为0.3～9.0μg/kg,样品平均加标回收率为86.5%～109.1%,相对标准偏差为1.0%～8.3%。结论该方法简便易于操作,稳定可靠,检出限低,完全能够满足GB 9685-2016《食品安全国家标准食品接触材料及制品用添加剂使用标准》对金属元素特别限制规定的检测需求,为食品接触材料及制品中多种金属元素迁移量提供了一种高效可行的检测手段。