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1.
陈程  陈鑫  徐凤  吴斌  李元媛  陆规 《化工学报》2021,72(11):5800-5809
湿法脱硫排出的废水是燃煤机组废水中最难处理的末端废水之一。热法固化是实现脱硫废水零排放的必然途径。通过构建整个燃煤机组厂级尺度热力系统虚拟仿真模型,从能量流、物料流、水平衡及其之间的相互影响机制的角度对比分析了目前三种主流不同脱硫工艺路线的优劣。在此基础上,提出了基于吸附式热泵和多效蒸馏浓缩,废热用于干燥的新型脱硫工艺,新工艺所需的高温烟气量最小,仅为旁路直喷式的1/5,为目前主流浓缩干燥方案的1/3,在回收水分的同时,极大降低高温烟气的消耗量,降低对主机安全性的影响。相关研究可以为燃煤机组脱硫废水零排放及深度节水提供新的解决思路。  相似文献   
2.
介绍电缆带电检测技术原理,针对一起由带电检测实际应用发现的缺陷,验证了局部放电测试的有效性和判断结果的正确性。案例分析表明,局部放电带电检测设备能够检测运行电缆中存在的放电缺陷,是一种有效的检出手段。在输电电缆的运行维护中普及局部放电带电检测,能够通过大数据分析,及时了解电缆运行状态,并发现运行电缆数据的异常变动,有利于缺陷的及时消除并降低电缆故障率。  相似文献   
3.
While the challenges associated with the stability of metal halide perovskites are well known and intensely studied, variability in electronic properties represents an equally significant, yet seldom studied, challenge that could potentially slow or inhibit the commercial viability of these systems. In this work, the contactless characterization technique time-resolved microwave conductivity (TRMC) is used to quantify the variability in electronic properties of the prototypical perovskite, methylammonium lead iodide (MAPbI3) both between different samples, and at different locations within the same sample. Using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and a quasi-automated image-analysis strategy, it is possible to evaluate the metrics of heterogeneity in surface microstructure and correlate them with the electronic properties as obtained by TRMC. Substantial intra-sample and inter-sample variation is observed in the mobility-yield product in samples prepared following differing protocols, and in samples prepared following identical protocols.  相似文献   
4.
刘红坤  董亮  刘妍  唐辉 《辐射防护》2021,41(2):174-180
由于内陆厂址受纳水体容量有限,使得核电内陆厂址面临的一个关键问题就是液态流出物排放。本文通过对比分析三代压水堆内陆厂址液态流出物排放与现有排放国家标准要求,发现三代压水堆两项指标不能满足内陆厂址要求,即除氚、14C外其他放射性核素和氚排放均不能满足内陆厂址要求。针对除氚、14C外其他放射性核素排放,建议增加化学絮凝、离子交换床和反渗透装置以满足100 Bq/L的排放要求。针对氚排放,通过调整排放方式能满足2台机组氚排放要求,使得下游1 km处氚浓度不超过71 Bq/L;多机组内陆电厂的氚排放建议利用联合电解催化交换(CECE)和水精馏(WD)技术,以达到分离氚的目的。  相似文献   
5.
将木薯全粉、红薯全粉、玉米粉、小米粉、燕麦粉、山楂粉按一定比例混合为原料,分别采用微波和双螺杆挤压对其进行熟化,研究不同熟化方法对混合粉糊化度、峰值黏度及含水量的影响,并检测混合粉的结晶度。结果表明,在微波熟化最适宜工艺条件下(功率640 W,时间2 min,初始含水量20%),混合粉糊化度38.92%,峰值黏度200 BU,含水量10.86%。双螺杆挤压熟化的混合粉糊化度96%,较微波熟化提升146.66%;峰值黏度165.5 BU,较微波熟化下降17.25%;含水量10.85%,与微波熟化相当。微观结构与质构特性分析表明,双螺杆挤压熟化后,面团淀粉颗粒间黏结力更强,胶黏性增大。双螺杆挤压熟化更适宜用来对压缩饼干混合粉进行熟化处理。  相似文献   
6.
ZnO rice like nonarchitects are grafted on the graphene carbon core via a rapid microwave synthesis route. The prepared grafted systems are characterized via XRD, SEM, RAMAN, and XPS to examined the structural and morphological parameters. Zinc oxide grafted graphene sheets (ZnO-G) are further doped in β-phase of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) to prepare the polymer nanocomposites (PNCs) via mixed solvent approach (THF/DMF). β-phase confirmation of PVDF PNCs is done by FTIR studies. It is observed that ZnO-G filler enhances the β-phase content in the PNCs. Non-doped PVDF and PNCs are further studied for rheological behavior under the shear rate of 1–100 s−1. Doping of ZnO-G dopant to the PVDF matrix changes its discontinuous shear thickening (DST) behavior to continues shear thickening behavior (CST). Hydrocluster formation and their interaction with the dopant could be the reason for this striking DST to CST behavioral change. Strain amplitude sweep (10−3% -10%) oscillatory test reveals that the PNCs shows extended linear viscoelastic region with high elastic modulus and lower viscous modulus. Effective shear thickening behavior and strong elastic strength of these PNCs present their candidature for various fields including mechanical and soft body armor applications.  相似文献   
7.
A gillespite-structured MCuSi4O10 (M = Ba1-xSrx, Sr1-xCax) ceramics with tetrahedral structure (P4/ncc) were prepared by solid-state reaction method. X-ray diffraction and thermogravimetry with differential scanning calorimetry (TG-DSC) were employed to study the phase synthesis process of BaCuSi4O10. Pure BaCuSi4O10 phase was obtained at 1075°C and decomposed into BaSiO3, BaCuSi2O6, and SiO2 when calcined at 1200°C. The relationships between the crystal structure and microwave dielectric properties of MCuSi4O10 ceramics were revealed based on the Rietveld refinement and P-V-L complex chemical bond theory. The dielectric constant (εr) decreased linearly with decreasing total bond susceptibility and ionic polarizability. Quality factor (Q × f) was closely dependent on bond strength and lattice energy. The temperature coefficient of resonant frequency (τf) was controlled by the stability of [CuO4]6− plane in MCuSi4O10. Optimum microwave dielectric properties were obtained for SrCuSi4O10 when sintered at 1100°C for 3 hours with a εr of 5.59, a Q × f value of 82 252 GHz, and a τf of −41.34 ppm/°C. Thus, SrCuSi4O10 is a good candidate for millimeter-wave devices.  相似文献   
8.
Titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanopowder (P-25;Degussa AG) was treated using dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) in a rotary electrode DBD (RE-DBD) reactor.Its electrical and optical characteristics were investigated during RE-DBD generation.The treated TiO2 nanopowder properties and structures were analyzed using x-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR).After RE-DBD treatment,XRD measurements indicated that the anatase peak theta positions shifted from 25.3° to 25.1°,which can be attributed to the substitution of new functional groups in the TiO2 lattice.The FTIR results show that hydroxyl groups (OH) at 3400 cm-1 increased considerably.The mechanism used to modify the TiO2 nanopowder surface by air DBD treatment was confirmed from optical emission spectrum measurements.Reactive species,such as OH radical,ozone and atomic oxygen can play key roles in hydroxyl formation on the TiO2 nanopowder surface.  相似文献   
9.
The structure and propagation of the plasma in air breakdown driven by high-power microwave have attracted great interest. This paper focuses on the microwave amplitude and frequency dependence of plasma formation at atmospheric pressure using one two-dimensional model,which is based on Maxwell's equations coupled with plasma fluid equations. In this model, we adopt the effective electron diffusion coefficient, which can describe well the change from free diffusion in a plasma front to ambipolar diffusion in the bulk plasma. The filamentary plasma arrays observed in experiments are well reproduced in the simulations. The density and propagation speed of the plasma from the simulations are also close to the corresponding experimental data. The size of plasma filament parallel to the electric field decreases with increasing frequency, and it increases with the electric field amplitude. The distance between adjacent plasma filaments is close to one-quarter wavelength under different frequencies and amplitudes. The plasma propagation speed shows little change with the frequency, and it increases with the amplitude. The variations of plasma structure and propagation with the amplitude and frequency are due to the change in the distribution of the electric field.  相似文献   
10.
以龙江铁皮石斛为试验材料,对微波辅助提取法提取的铁皮石斛花色苷的抗氧化活性进行了综合评价。结果表明:最佳提取条件为乙醇体积分数50%、料液比1︰20(g/mL)、辐射功率406 W、辐射时间90 s、浸泡时间4h、提取次数2次,在此条件下铁皮石斛花色苷含量为1.052 mg/g,花色苷质量浓度为35.07 mg/L。铁皮石斛花色苷有较强的抗氧化能力,且与花色苷质量浓度显现出一定的正比关系,抗氧化效果强于VC。以同浓度梯度的抗坏血酸作对照,根据IC50值的比较可知花色苷的清除效果明显优于同浓度梯度的抗坏血酸。  相似文献   
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