镀镍碳纤维水泥基材料的电热性能研究

采用镀镍碳纤维(Ni-CF)制备导热水泥基复合材料,研究水灰比、纤维掺量和长度对水泥净浆试件升温值的影响,分析了Ni-CF掺量对水泥净浆试件电热升温和电热转化率的提升效果。结果表明:随着Ni-CF掺量的增加,试件的最大升温值呈先升高后降低的趋势,纤维掺量为0.4%(质量分数)时试件升温效果的提升最明显;当Ni-CF长度从4 mm增至8 mm时,水泥净浆试件的最大升温值逐渐降低;水灰比(W/C)为0.5时,Ni-CF水泥净浆试件通电发热的温度最高;Ni-CF提高水泥净浆试件电热转化率的效果较好,最高可达71.98%,是同配合比下碳纤维(CF)水泥净浆试件电热转化率的两倍。     

金刚石覆镍量对固着磨料研磨蓝宝石性能的影响

金刚石磨粒表面镀镍可以增强其与树脂的结合力。通过化学镀的方法在金刚石磨粒表面镀覆一层不同包覆率的Ni-P合金层,并制成了固结磨料研磨垫。采用CP-4型CMP抛光和测试系统,分别对蓝宝石进行粗研和精研加工,探索不同覆镍量对固着磨料研磨蓝宝石性能的影响。结果表明:金刚石磨粒表面镀镍可以改变其微观形貌:在实验范围内,随着金刚石包覆率的增加,摩擦因数、材料去除率和表面粗糙度呈现先增大后减小的趋势,其中粗研在包覆率为50%、精研在包覆率30%达到峰值;声发射信号呈现先减小后增大的趋势,其中粗研在包覆率50%、精研在包覆率30%达到谷值;粗研过程对包覆率的要求高于精研过程。     

‘Nickel Allergy’ arising from decorative nickel plated and alloyed articles: prevention at source

This work builds on papers published in Transactions during 2015 and 2018 reporting research into low-cost commercial methods for the prevention of nickel release from decorative nickel plated articles, rendering them suitable for placement on the European market in accordance with the requirements of REACH. ‘Nickel Allergy’ sometimes occurs when nickel-containing articles are in direct and prolonged contact with the skin, leading to corrosion of elemental nickel by sweat, liberating sufficient nickel ions to be absorbed through the skin and initiate an allergenic effect. The EU ‘Nickel Restrictions’ impose limits on the amount of nickel released from articles intended for use in this application, but permits a non-nickel surface coating that can ensure the rate of nickel release does not exceed 0.5?µg?cm^?2 week^?1 after 2 years of normal use. The official tests for coated items are simulated wear and corrosion under EN 12472 followed by determination of nickel release under EN 1811. Earlier work concluded that suitable barrier coatings over bright electrodeposited nickel are regular chromium deposited from a hexavalent electrolyte, microporous trivalent chromium from a chloride electrolyte and UV cured PU electrophoretic coatings. Further tests reported here focused on nickel release from examples of wearable articles such as costume jewellery and watch cases. A typical flash coating of gold over bright nickel is thin and porous and being more noble, causes the rate of nickel release to be accelerated; but this can be prevented by an intermediate barrier coating of electrodeposited palladium. To round out the relevance of this study on wearable articles, nickel release tests were also conducted on nickel-containing Grades 304 (UNS S30400) and 316 (UNS S31600) austenitic stainless steels, plus a typical gold alloy containing nickel. All passed the nickel release tests satisfactorily.     

镀镍铝轮毂彩色电泳涂装生产经验

介绍了镀镍铝轮毂风叶片彩色电泳涂装的工艺配方和工艺流程,不合格漆膜的退除方法以及彩色电泳涂装的优点。对影响电泳涂装质量的因素进行了研究。探讨了电泳槽液的维护方法？采取以下措施：使用蒸馏水配制槽液,使其电导率为5～20μs／cm;控制漆液固体分含量在8％～10％之间,pH为7．5～8．5,电压为光亮镍镀层30～80V,光亮铝件40～90V,溶剂含量为2％～3％,电泳时间在60～150s内,温度在20～30℃之间;连续循环过滤方法以及适宜的染料含量等,可以获得较好的电泳涂装效果。     

微型点焊时电极表面熔敷TiC涂层对电极失效的影响

研究了表面处理对微型点焊镀镍钢板和镍板时电极失效的影响.结果表明:微型点焊镀镍钢板和镍板时电极的失效主要是电极头部的塑性变形以及电极和镀镍板之间局部焊接的断裂发生在电极表面而导致的电极磨损;表面涂敷TiC的CuCrZr电极的寿命(1 200点)是CuCrZr电极寿命(600点)的两倍,表面处理能提高电极寿命的主要原因是表面涂敷的TiC颗粒能阻碍电极和镀镍板之间的局部焊接,以及减小电极表面的塑性变形.     

预镀铜对铝基电沉积镍层的影响

为了改善铝基电沉积镍层的性能,在电沉积镍之前采用了预镀铜的工艺。通过SEM,EDS,划痕法和氦质谱检漏法等方法研究预镀铜层与化学浸锌层的相组成和组织形貌,以及各沉积镍层的气密性和结合力等性能。研究结果表明,预镀铜工艺的添加使电沉积镍层性能得到显著改善;镍层内表面光亮,气密性大大提高。     

Prevention of nickel release from electroplated articles in the context of allergic contact dermatitis: further outcomes

‘Nickel Allergy’ sometimes occurs when nickel-containing articles are in direct and prolonged contact with the skin, leading to corrosion of elemental nickel by sweat, liberating sufficient nickel ions to be absorbed through the skin and initiate an allergenic effect. EU ‘Nickel Restrictions’ impose limits on the amount of nickel released from articles intended for use in this application but permits a non-nickel surface coating that can ensure the rate of nickel release does not exceed 0.5?μg?cm^?2?week^?1 after 2 years of normal use. The official tests for coated items are simulated wear and corrosion under EN 12472 followed by determination of nickel release under EN 1811, and articles shall not be placed on the market unless they pass these tests. A paper published in Transactions during 2015 reported bright nickel coatings with top coats that would prevent nickel release and pass these tests. Regular chromium deposited from a hexavalent electrolyte was the benchmark, with microporous chromium and supplementary organic coatings evaluated for improved performance. All prevented nickel release, but the best low-cost commercial coating was regular (conventional) chromium deposited from a hexavalent electrolyte. Further tests reported here were conducted to evaluate bright nickel deposits with top coats of tin–cobalt alloy, and of hexavalent chromium with supplementary coatings of coloured physical vapour deposition and electrophoretic coatings. Tests with trivalent chromium top coats deposited from proprietary chloride and sulphate electrolytes showed that regular (conventional) chromium over bright nickel failed the nickel release test. But microporous trivalent chromium deposits passed the tests satisfactorily.     

Corrosion Behavior of Different Steel Substrates Coupled With Conductive Polymer Under Different Serving Conditions

The corrosion behaviors of stainless steel and nickel-plated carbon steel coupled with conductive polymer were investigated in both hot humid environment and simulated marine environment. The corrosion currents of different steel substrates and conductive polymer in simulated marine environment at room temperature were measured. The corrosion surfaces of different steel couples were observed under a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and chemical compositions were examined by energy dispersive spectrum (EDS) analysis. The corrosion mechanism was discussed. The results showed that the stability of both stainless steel and nickel-plated carbon steel in hot humid environment was excellent and no corrosion happened in the blank test for 360 h while slight corrosion existed in the contact area of coupled steel substrates. In simulated marine environment, the corrosion current of the stainless steel was lower than 100 μA and some directional rod-like particles formed on the surface of the stainless steel, which arc mainly caused by oxidative corrosion among different phases. The corrosion current of the nickel-plated carbon steel couples was much greater than that of stainless steel couples and nickel plate cracking resulted in the corrosion of the internal iron because the coated nickel layer was not dense enough.     

镀镍石墨烯/钛复合材料界面力学行为的分子动力学研究

目的 研究拉伸载荷下镀镍石墨烯/钛复合材料界面的应力-应变行为。方法 采用分子动力学模拟方法,建立了镀镍石墨烯/钛复合材料界面的单晶模型,研究了不同方向拉伸载荷下材料的力学行为。结果 镀镍石墨烯复合材料的力学性能随着镀层厚度的增大而提高,镀层镍可以作为位错源使复合材料的位错密度提高,镀层镍塑性变形的滞后使镀镍石墨烯/钛复合材料具有更高的塑性变形能力。结论 材料的力学性能更多依赖于镀镍层数,随着镀层厚度的增大,镀镍石墨烯/钛复合材料表现出了更高的抗拉强度,但界面处的裂纹和空洞数量也有所增加,材料的延伸率有所下降。