“电工学实验”混合教学模式的探索与实践

在大类培养改革背景下,基于“电工学实验”开放式实践教学体系现状进行了“电工学实验”混合教学模式的研究,建立了“微课”资源并通过新型教学平台进行推送,确立了完备的混合教学模式应用机制并在部分专业进行了试点,通过分析试点调查数据得出混合教学模式具有在实验教学中提高学生学习效率、激发学生学习动力、促进学生个性发展、培养学生实践应用能力的优势,是落实创新应用型人才培养目标的重要举措。     

Structural regulation and polishing performance of dendritic mesoporous silica (D-mSiO2) supported with samarium-doped cerium oxide composites

Ceria (CeO₂) particles are prevalent polishing abrasive materials. Trivalent lanthanide ions are the popular category of dopants for enriched surface defects and thus improved physicochemical properties, since they are highly compatible with CeO₂ lattices. Herein, a series of dendritic-like mesoporous silica (D-mSiO₂)-supported samarium (Sm)-doped CeO₂ nanocrystals were synthesized via a facile chemical precipitation method. The relation of the structural characteristics and chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) performances were investigated to explore the effect of Sm-doping amounts on the D-mSiO₂/Sm_xCe_1?xO_2?δ (x = 0–1) composite abrasives. The involved low-modulus D-mSiO₂ cores aimed to eliminate surface scratch and damage, resulting from the optimized contact behavior between abrasives and surfaces. The trivalent cerium (Ce³⁺) and oxygen vacancy (V_O) at CeO₂ surfaces were expected to be reactive sites for the material removal process over SiO₂ films. The optimal oxide-CMP performances in terms of removal efficiency and surface quality were achieved by the 40% Sm-doped composite abrasives. It might be attributed to the high Ce³⁺ and V_O concentrations and the enhancement of tribochemical reactivity between CeO₂SiO₂ interfaces. Furthermore, the relationship between the surface chemistry, polishing performance as well as the actual role in oxide-CMP of the D-mSiO₂/Sm_xCe_1?xO_2?δ abrasives were also discussed.     

复杂环境下氧化铝储槽定向爆破拆除

在较为复杂的环境下,爆破拆除钢筋混凝土氧化铝储槽。该储槽自重大、呈圆形,内有4根立柱支撑下料漏斗。为使储槽顺利定向倒塌,通过爆破方案选择、参数确定,采取梯形切口和预处理以及安全防护和减振措施,使储槽爆破拆除获圆满成功。     

基准平面垂直断面法在爆破漏斗试验中的应用

系统阐述了基准平面垂直断面法在爆破漏斗试验中测量爆破漏斗体积的基本原理,并将隧道激光断面仪应用于金厂河矿1 750 m水平15^#采场底部切割巷道爆破漏斗试验爆破漏斗体积测量中。通过与传统体重法等计算法所得漏斗体积分析比较,结果表明基于隧道激光断面仪与3D Mine软件分析的基准平面垂直断面法实用性强、操作方便、结果直观可靠,达到试验预期目的。     

从蚕的生命到艺术：中国古代生命观的哲学表达

中国考古出土的蚕业实物及蚕的艺术形象比较丰富,蚕的艺术形象如蚕纹、陶蚕蛹、牙雕蚕、玉石蚕、铜蚕、金蚕等,可统称为"蚕的模拟形态"。对蚕的模拟形态的功用,已有的诸多解释都有待完善。研究表明,蚕的模拟形态或艺术形象表达的功用或为饰品,或为装饰图案,或有待进一步考究。但无论哪种功用,用"蚕"这一形象都蕴含了特有的用意。通过对中国古代生命观的考察,文章认为蚕的艺术形象折射出相应的中国古代哲学生命观,即中国古人追求的死而复生、生生不息、羽化成仙、长乐无极等观念。     

Preparation of lithium niobate optical thin film and patterned microstructure via chemical modification

In this paper, a stable lithium niobate (LN) sol was prepared using niobium pentachloride, niobium ethoxide, lithium acetate, anhydrous ethanol, and benzoylacetone (BzAcH) as a chemical modifier. The effects of different starting materials and organic solvents on the obtained gel film quality of the sols were studied and the optimization mechanism of BzAcH on the film quality was analyzed in detail. The effects of heat treatment temperature on the structure and performance of the LN thin films were also studied. X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectra showed that LN was more highly crystalline in the heat treatment temperature range of 600–800 °C. The refractive index of the LN thin films first increased and then decreased with increasing heat treatment temperature, and the LN thin film prepared at 700 °C had the largest refractive index. Light transmittance tests showed that as the heat treatment temperature increased, light transmittance decreased. Finally, it was determined that LN gel films modified with BzAcH were more highly sensitive to UV light and that after UV irradiation, it was difficult to dissolve LN gel films in organic solvent. The UV-sensitive property was utilized to realize microstructure processing of the LN thin films. The results indicated that a high-quality, non-destructive, and photoresist-free micro-fabrication method was realized. This method was used to fabricate microscale LN fine patterns with smooth sidewalls while avoiding lateral corrosion. These results are of great significance for LN thin film applications and the development of LN-based optoelectronic devices prepared by chemical methods.     

Evaluation of oxy-acetylene flame angle effect on the erosion resistance of SiC/ZrB2–SiC/ZrB2 multilayer coatings fabricated by the shielding shrouded plasma spray technique

In the present study, the effect of oxy-acetylene flame angle on the erosion resistance of SiC/ZrB₂–SiC/ZrB₂ multilayer coatings with the gradient structure was investigated. To this aim, first, the SiC inner layer was applied by the reactive melt infiltration (RMI) technique; then ZrB₂ and ZrB₂–SiC layers with 10, 20 and 30%wt. SiC were applied on graphite by the plasma spraying technique. To prevent the oxidation of ZrB₂ and SiC particles, the plasma spraying process was performed by a solid protective shield. To evaluate the performance of the coatings in erosive environments, the samples were exposed to oxy-acetylene flame at the angles of 30°, 60° and 90° for 360 s; the destruction mechanism of SiC/ZrB₂–SiC/ZrB₂ multilayer coatings appeared to be controlled mechanically and chemically. The results of the erosion test showed that at the low flame angles of about 30°, due to the shear forces of oxy-acetylene flame, mechanical erosion overcame the chemical one. With increasing the flame angle, due to raising the surface temperature, chemical erosion overcame the mechanical one; so, most chemical destruction occurred at the flame angle of 90°. Also, the results of the erosion test showed that the total chemical and mechanical destruction at the angle of 60° was greater than that in other angles. Also, among the coatings tested, SiC/ZrB₂- 20% wt. SiC/ZrB₂ coatings had the best erosion resistance; so, the weight changes under the oxy-acetylene flame at the angles of 30° and 60°, respectively, were about ?0.038%. and ?0.355%; meanwhile, at the angle of 90°, it was about +4.3%.     

南水北调中线总干渠藻类的生态调度

南水北调中线总干渠无在线调蓄水库,对藻类生态调度过程中出现的问题开展生态调度实现策略和实施方式研究。主要实现策略包括:划定自身的调蓄区,隔离生态调度对下游的影响;采用高效的渠池运行方式,减少生态调度时蓄量的反复调整;综合考虑安全、快速、平稳等需求,设定生态调度实施进程和方式。具体实施方式包括:将总干渠划分为流速调控区、调蓄区和正常运行区,分别实施等体积、控制蓄量和闸前常水位方式运行;将生态调度过程划分为充水阶段和泄水阶段,基于流速调控目标值、持续时长和水位降幅约束条件,确定各阶段时长和各分区的闸门群调控方案等。基于2018年3月输水工况,采用明渠一维非恒定流模型,仿真总干渠上游15个渠池的藻类生态调度过程。结果表明,生态调度可在3.5 d内完成,各渠池的平均流速由0.48 m/s增至0.93 m/s,持续时间超过2 h。在整个生态调度过程中,水位变化平稳,水位变幅符合安全阈值要求,下游渠道的正常运行未受生态调度明显影响。     

基于Hadoop的气象数据分布式存储技术研究

针对目前气象数据存储所面临的海量扩张、高并发读写、结构化和非结构化数据并存以及长时间序列和大数据集检索效率低下等问题,提出了以Hadoop开源框架为基础的气象数据分布式存储方案。通过对气象数据自身属性和特点进行分析,得出了气象数据在经过充分优化的基础上,在分布式存储框架中具有很强的适应性和规模化应用的潜力;并在HBase数据库中的Row Key设计和小文件合并策略方面做了创新。最后针对气象数据中广泛存在的结构化和非结构化这两种主要数据类型,以自动气象站数据和雷达产品数据为具体实例,给出了详细的设计思路和实现方法。     

中国传统纺织服饰图案研究述评及价值阐释

目的 了解近年来传统纺织服饰图案的研究动态及发展趋势，归纳学术研究成果并进行评价，总结研究传统服饰图案的意义和对现代设计的启示。方法 基于史论视角、社会文化视角、工艺美术视角和设计艺术视角梳理相关文献，结合现有研究分析中国传统服饰图案的资料来源及其特色、传统服饰图案的研究热点、新时代传统服饰图案的生存策略及中国传统服饰图案创新设计的应用领域。结果指出传统服饰图案的研究史料取材丰富、研究类型呈现多元；当前传统服饰图案的传承与创新体现了数字化发展、美育引导、政策支持的特点；传统服饰图案在服装设计、公共空间、文创产品中大放异彩。结论 中国传统纺织服饰图案研究多点开花，但缺乏系统整体的“中国传统纺织服饰图案知识谱系”用于指导相关研究和实践，对中国传统纺织服饰图案的研究多处于实证分析的层面且欠缺深入独到的理论，通过综述与价值阐述，提出研究的不足之处，纵深学术研究，同时为中国传统纺织服饰图案的现代设计提供新思路。