高耸桥墩保护性爆破拆除关键技术

为解决高耸钢砼桥墩上部倾斜导致的工程质量不合格问题,采用保护性控制爆破将上部倾斜部分钢砼桥墩予以拆除,同时保留下部未偏斜部分桥墩不受破坏。采用开设组合形状切口,预开定向窗、导向窗;设置组合高差卸荷槽,预伤钢筋弱化抗压抗拉能力为关键措施的控制爆破方案。方案实施取得了十分满意的效果,上部拟拆除部分桥墩顺利倾倒下坠,下部保留部分桥墩完好无损。采用保护性控制爆破技术能高效、安全地解决类似高耸钢砼桥墩(构筑物)部分拆除、部分保留利用的问题,并能取得可观的经济、社会效益。     

箱形横梁的水压爆破拆除

某电影院大厅内钢筋混凝土箱形横梁长25m,断面尺寸1 6m×2 4m,用水压爆破拆除。通过梁的受力分析得知,为避免横梁的挠度过大,在吊梁拆除后必须另补支撑,以确保水压爆破正常进行。文中对水压爆破炸药用量的计算公式进行了比较和简评。在参考计算结果和考虑厅内环境的基础上,并结合以往水压爆破工程的经验,确定了合理、有效的药量,保证了主体结构的绝对安全。     

注射模生产中智能化控制及应用

分析了注射模生产的现状，针对其生产中智能化调控应用方面的不足，提出模内参数的自适应调节方案，还介绍了自适应工作的原理、可调参数种类、逻辑推理等，并实际验证了基于注塑设备联网集成工艺数据下注射模成型工艺自适应调节的可行性。     

Design of frameworks for self-adaptive service-oriented applications: A systematic analysis

Self-adaptive service-oriented Applications (Self-Apps) must be able to understand themselves or the environment in which they are executed, and propose solutions to meet changing conditions. The development of these applications is not a trivial task, since it encompasses issues from different research areas. Despite the importance of frameworks for Self-Apps, there is a lack of comprehensive analysis of how the design of such applications is performed, and regarding the standardization of concepts and coverage of minimum requirements for Self-Apps. The main contribution of this article is to present this comprehensive analysis, providing the state of the art for this subject. This analysis was built through a Systematic Mapping Study, based on a total of 65 studies, from which we identify the main attributes for Quality of Service (QoS), search strategies, and service management strategies employed in the design of frameworks for Self-Apps. The main aspects of requirements involved in the design of Self-Apps were pointed out to stakeholders. For example, these applications must implement a method for evaluation of QoS based on metrics. We also put forward the S-Frame, a modular solution that brings together the main features for the design of Self-Apps, and describe the main challenges concerning these applications.     

Effect of height on the corrosion of steel and galvanized steel in nontropical coastal marine environments

In this study, the behavior of carbon steel and galvanized steel in nontropical coastal marine environments was evaluated. Evaluation was carried out with specimens with dimensions of 10 cm × 10 cm × 0.3 cm. These specimens were exposed to four testing stations (Iquique, Mejillones, Los Vilos, and San Vicente), where racks were installed both at ground level (ground), as well as in the upper zone of electrical transmission towers (tower). In each station, 24 specimens of A36 carbon steel and galvanized steel were placed (12 each). The corrosivity of the environment was measured using the ISO 9223, 9225, and 9226 standards. The specimens were evaluated on-site, monthly, through visual inspection and photographic record. Once withdrawn, the corrosion rate was determined and the corrosion products were analyzed through Raman and Fourier-transform infrared. The results show that, in all cases, the corrosion rate is greater in the tower than on the ground. However, even though the Los Vilos station is located farther from the sea (3,500 vs. ≈500 m), the corrosion rate of steel in the tower is the highest. This is caused by the generation of HCl from the transformation of lepidocrocite into goethite, in the presence of low chloride content, which acidifies the steel/corrosion product interface. In the case of galvanized steel, the corrosion rate is a function of the chloride content in the atmosphere, obtaining an excellent correlation between both parameters.     

一种利用生产动态资料确定水驱前缘的方法

针对长庆油田低渗透储集层岩性致密、注水受效不均衡、单井产量低、平面非均质性强等导致地下水驱不均的问题,依据低渗透油藏水驱理论建立基础模型,并考虑注采井网中生产井的干扰,根据势的叠加原理,引入生产井影响因子系数,建立了井组单元内水驱前缘的简易确定方法。将该方法应用于鄂尔多斯盆地某超低渗透油藏加密调整部署,通过生产实例验证,该方法简便易行,计算结果可靠。     

大采高综放工作面强动压端头顶板控制技术

为了解决大采高综放工作面回风侧端头顶板控制问题,针对马道头矿8211工作面的地质情况,通过对回风顺槽超前注浆加固,提高超前支护范围和支护强度,并对回风侧端头三角区煤壁和顶板进行化学浆加固的技术方案,有效控制了顺槽超前区围岩变形和工作面回风侧端头三角区煤壁片帮,保证了工作面端头区顶板安全。     

大地高对布尔莎坐标转换模型的转换精度影响研究

以某市控制测量项目的GPS点成果数据为例，基于布尔莎模型大地高误差对坐标转换精度的影响进行以常见的3种高程系统（以1985国家高程代替大地高；利用高程异常估算大地高；将大地高置0）进行坐标转换试验，认为“原坐标系使用正常高，目标坐标系使用大地高”进行坐标转换时既能达到较高的转换精度又较为符合实际工作情况。     

气井测试可自动调节放喷油嘴设计

在油气井放喷测试作业时,目前使用的放喷油嘴不能根据井口压力自动调节开度,需要不断的更换节流油嘴。设计了一种可根据井口压力自动调节开度的放喷油嘴。介绍了该油嘴的结构以及自动调节的原理。利用受力平衡原理,综合考虑波纹管材料及形状参数、气室压力、井口压力,建立放喷油嘴开度的数学模型。通过实例计算,得到油嘴开度与井口压力的关系曲线,并提出了现场应用建议。     

Modeling managerial behavior in real options valuation for project-based environments

Project valuation, as a decision-making tool for initiating investments in projects, should be able to value project flexibilities and incorporate reasonable risk preferences of relevant decision makers. Real options valuation methods are the available approaches for valuing project flexibilities, whereas they have shortcomings in considering managers’ reasonable risk preferences in project decisions. Therefore, researchers have suggested approximating the perspective on risk of real options methods and practitioners in project management. This study proposes a fair real options valuation for project-based environments by a behavioral economic approach, which adopts binomial lattice method, Monte-Carlo simulation, and cumulative prospect theory. The results show that behavioral factors such as ‘risk attitude’ and ‘loss aversion’ should be accepted in project investment decisions while limited to an acceptable amount depending on the project conditions (e.g. uniqueness of decision-making scenarios). This research contributes to the project management domain by enhancing project investment decisions that include project flexibilities.