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1.
采用2mT低磁场(low magnetic field,LMF)冷冻、0mT磁场(no magnetic field,NMF)冷冻和常规冷冻(conventional freezing,CF)技术对3 组鲢鱼肌原纤维蛋白进行为期28 d的冷冻实验。通过表面疏水性、巯基含量、溶解度、浊度、热稳定性、傅里叶变换红外光谱、内源性荧光光谱和紫外吸收光谱各项指标考察蛋白的结构和功能性质变化。结果表明:施加低磁场冷冻可以抑制蛋白聚集和内部疏水基团的暴露,且能抑制α-螺旋的展开,减弱α-螺旋向β-折叠转变的能力,并维持良好的二、三级结构稳定性;CF组的蛋白总巯基含量、溶解度和浊度与NMF组相比无显著差异,由于冷冻温度较低,对蛋白聚集和内部疏水基团的暴露有一定的抑制作用,同时也使得蛋白结构变得松散不稳定;与CF组相比,LMF组同样显示出对蛋白的结构和功能有较好的保护和改善作用。总体来说,低磁场冷冻可以抑制肌原纤维蛋白变性并维持良好的结构和功能,且与常规冷冻(-30 ℃)相比,低磁场冷冻(-20 ℃、2 mT)可以节约10 ℃的冷冻温差,预测其具有一定的节能潜力。 相似文献
2.
分析低分子质量壳寡糖(分子质量≤1 000 Da,脱乙酰度≥90%)对鲢鱼片4 ℃冷藏过程中菌相组成及品质变化的影响。将鲢鱼片随机分为对照组与壳寡糖(0.5 g/100 mL)处理组,测定其感官评分、菌落总数、总挥发性盐基氮含量、三磷酸腺苷关联物含量及K值等指标,并采用Illumina MiSeq高通量测序技术分析菌相组成,评价壳寡糖对鲢鱼片的保鲜作用。结果表明:壳寡糖能够改变鲢鱼冷藏过程中的菌相组成且抑制其优势腐败菌属假单胞菌和气单胞菌的生长;壳寡糖处理能够显著抑制鱼肉菌落总数和挥发性盐基氮的生成,同时显著延缓肌苷酸及次黄嘌呤核苷酸的降解,进而减少次黄嘌呤的生成。壳寡糖能够显著提高鲢鱼贮藏过程中的品质,这主要通过抑制优势腐败菌属的生长实现。 相似文献
3.
以天然海水作为正渗透汲取液,构建了正渗透膜浓缩市政污水系统,对比研究CTA-ES和TFC-ES正渗透膜对污染物的截留与浓缩效果,结果表明,2种正渗透膜对有机物和营养元素截留率较高,出水水质较好,在污水浓缩至初始体积的1/6过程中,由于污染物在膜表面的富集作用,FO膜对氨氮和TN浓缩倍数仅为2.1~3.4倍,而对COD和TP浓缩倍数可达3.4~5.7倍,浓缩污水产甲烷潜力为203 mL/g COD,厌氧可生化性较好,CTA膜对污染物的截留浓缩效能要略优于TFC膜。 相似文献
4.
针对新疆阜康冶炼厂造锍捕集所得贵金属合金,通过硫酸化焙烧和水淬所得渣,采用亚硫酸钠溶液浸出法对其中的银开展湿法提取试验考察。本文系统考察了固液比(20g/l~400g/l)、亚硫酸钠浓度(50g/l~200g/l)、pH(6.5-10.5)、浸出时间(30min~720min)、粒径(0.425mm、0.25mm和0.18mm)以及浸出温度(25℃、50℃和75℃)对银的浸出率的影响。银的最优浸出条件为,固液比200g/l,亚硫酸钠150g/l,pH为7.5,浸出时间120min,浸出温度20℃,在此条件下,可以高效提取渣中的银,浸出率为93.66%。 相似文献
5.
《Journal of dairy science》2022,105(7):5573-5586
Amyloid fibrils have many excellent functional properties that facilitate their applications in the food industry. There are 2 pathways for whey protein concentrate (WPC) to form amyloid fibril aggregates: spontaneous pathway and nuclear induction pathway. Low ionic strength is a necessary condition for the spontaneous pathway to proceed successfully. In this paper, the effect of salt ions on 2 WPC fibrillation pathways was investigated by adding CaCl2. The results demonstrated WPC fibrils were unable to form normally through spontaneous pathway as adding CaCl2; but still could form through nuclear induction pathway with 20 to 30 mM CaCl2, the nuclei accelerated the fibrillation process led to the resistance to the disordered aggregation brought by CaCl2. Moreover, divalent cations (Ca2+, Mg2+) had much stronger effects than monovalent cations (Na+) on fibril formation, and the results of X-ray photoelectron spectrum together with Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy suggested that Ca2+ had a greater effect on the fibril formation than Cl?. 相似文献
6.
The importance of gold and silver nanoparticles in the blood flow has immense applications in biomedicine for the treatment of cancer disease and wound treatment due to their large atomic number and antimicrobial property. The current study deals with the magnetohydrodynamic and electroosmotic radiative peristaltic Jeffrey nanofluid (blood–silver/gold) flow with the effect of slip and convective boundary conditions in the nonsymmetric vertical channel. The nondimensional governing equations have been solved analytically and the exact solutions have been presented for velocity, temperature, shear stress, trapping, entropy generation, pressure gradient and heat transfer coefficient. The pictorial representations have been prepared for the flow quantities with respect to fluid flow parameters of interest. It is noticed from the current study that the gold-based nanofluids exhibit higher velocity than silver-based nanofluids. Enhancement of thermal radiation decreases the total entropy generation. The size of the tapered bolus decreases with the enhancement of magnetic field strength. The present model is applicable in designing pharmacodynamic pumps and drug delivery systems. 相似文献
7.
《中国稀土学报(英文版)》2022,40(7):1134-1147
In this study, the Bayan Obo rare earth concentrates mixed with Na2CO3 were used for roasting research. The phase change process of each firing stage was analyzed. The kinetic mechanism model of the continuous heating process was calculated. This study aims to recover valuable elements and optimize the production process to provide a certain theoretical basis. Using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectrometry, the reaction process and the existence of mineral phases were analyzed. The variable temperature XRD and thermogravimetric method were used to calculate the roasting kinetics. The phase transition results show that carbonate-like substances first decompose into fine mineral particles, and CaO, MgO, and SiO2 react to form silicates, causing hardening. Further, REPO4 and NaF can directly generate CeF3 and CeF4 at high temperatures, and a part of CeF4 and NaF forms a solid solution substance Na3CeF7. Rare earth oxides calcined at a high temperature of 750 °C were separated to produce Ce0.6Nd0.4O1.8, Ce4O7, and LaPrO3+x. Then, BaSO4, Na2CO3, and Fe2O3 react to form barium ferrite BaFe12O19; the kinetic calculation results show that during the continuous heating process, the apparent activation energy E reaches the minimum in the entire reaction stage in the temperature range of 440–524 °C, and the reaction order n reaches the maximum, which indicates that the decomposition product REFO significantly impacts the reaction system and reduces the activation energy. The mechanism function is F(α) = [?ln (1?α)]1/3. The reaction order n reaches the minimum in the temperature range of 680–757 °C, and the apparent activation energy E is large. The difficulty of the reaction increases during the final stage. The reaction mechanism function is F(α) = [1?(1?α)1/3]2. Observing the entire reaction stage, the step of controlling the reaction rate changes from random nucleation to three-dimensional diffusion (spherical symmetry). 相似文献
8.
9.
研究了由H3BO3、K2B4O7和KF(质量比为7:10:3)3种组分配制而成的银钎剂的去膜机理。结果表明:在700 ℃时,K2B4O7或KF都不能单独去除Q235钢板表面的氧化膜,且KF会加快高温下钢表面的氧化速率;H3BO3能够去除Q235钢表面的氧化膜,然而其反应产物具有明显的非晶结构特征,并且流动性差。此外在700 ℃时,H3BO3与KF能够发生反应,其反应产物可以去除钢表面氧化膜。KF和K2B4O7之间也能在700 ℃发生类似的反应,然而其反应产物非常坚硬。因此,在700 ℃时,H3BO3、K2B4O7和KF混合钎剂能够与Q235钢板表面氧化膜反应,且反应产物具有明显的非晶特征。KF的加入将非反应性H3BO3-K2B4O7二元体系转化为反应性KF-H3BO3-K2B4O7三元体系。在这个三元体系中,KF不但对钢板没有腐蚀性,反而促进了氧化膜的去除。 相似文献
10.
以H85黄铜触桥和AgSnO2/Ag触点银层为焊接母材,两种银合金粉末为银合金焊膏的钎料,采用力学性能、金相显微镜、扫描电镜(SEM)和热分析等方法,研究Ag-20Cu-15Zn银合金钎料的粒径和含量,以及Ag-22Cu-17Zn-5Sn钎料对母材焊接钎着率的影响。结果表明,Ag-20Cu-15Zn钎料粒径为45~75 μm、含量为60%时焊接钎着率最好,为95.35%;钎料中Sn的加入,使银合金钎料的熔化温度降低60℃,焊接过程中银合金焊膏的流动性增强,对提高焊接钎着率有利。 相似文献