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1.
为解决黄河冲积平原地区粉土粘聚力低、水稳定性差等工程应用问题,采用烧结法赤泥和基质沥青为主材制备粉土固化剂(RAC)对粉土进行综合稳定。按5%水泥优选掺量并附加0,2,4,6,8% RAC成型稳定粉土试件,经过标准养护、浸水软化、循环加热、低温冻融、高温自愈等特定试验条件后,进行3d、7d和28d龄期的抗压强度与压缩模量试验,对比分析不同掺量RAC稳定粉土路用性能的变化规律。采用扫描电镜(SEM)分别观察粉土、水泥稳定粉土和RAC稳定粉土的微观结构形貌和孔隙特征,进而探讨固化稳定机理。结合实体工程的应用实践对RAC稳定粉土的路用性能进行测试分析与验证。结果表明:与单掺水泥相比,RAC稳定粉土具有良好的力学性能,2,4,6,8%RAC稳定粉土标准养护3d强度分别提高110%,146%,156%,161%,28d龄期浸水强度损失率均小于20%;当RAC掺量高于4%时,循环加热5次以上可使稳定粉土的强度增长超过140%,低温冻融强度损失率小于15%;试件加载至90%极限荷载,循环加热5次后,2,4,6,8%RAC稳定粉土强度变化率分别是-8.3%,-2.3%,+8.0%,+12.9%。SEM图像显示RAC稳定使粉土形成密实的胶结凝聚体和均匀分布的孔径小于1μm非连通微孔结构,有利于稳定粉土水稳定性和抗冻性的提高;高温条件下沥青组分发生湿润粘结包裹粉土颗粒及水化产物,同时加速扩散填充内部孔隙和微裂缝,实现土体的损伤修复和结构补强。实体工程中RAC稳定粉土结构层取芯测试抗压强度为1.7MPa,压缩模量为1360MPa,路面弯沉为18~23(0.01mm),未出现裂缝、坑槽、松散等损坏现象。  相似文献   
2.
Deposition of amyloid β (Aβ) fibrils in the brain is a key pathologic hallmark of Alzheimer’s disease. A class of polyphenolic biflavonoids is known to have anti-amyloidogenic effects by inhibiting aggregation of Aβ and promoting disaggregation of Aβ fibrils. In the present study, we further sought to investigate the structural basis of the Aβ disaggregating activity of biflavonoids and their interactions at the atomic level. A thioflavin T (ThT) fluorescence assay revealed that amentoflavone-type biflavonoids promote disaggregation of Aβ fibrils with varying potency due to specific structural differences. The computational analysis herein provides the first atomistic details for the mechanism of Aβ disaggregation by biflavonoids. Molecular docking analysis showed that biflavonoids preferentially bind to the aromatic-rich, partially ordered N-termini of Aβ fibril via the π–π interactions. Moreover, docking scores correlate well with the ThT EC50 values. Molecular dynamic simulations revealed that biflavonoids decrease the content of β-sheet in Aβ fibril in a structure-dependent manner. Hydrogen bond analysis further supported that the substitution of hydroxyl groups capable of hydrogen bond formation at two positions on the biflavonoid scaffold leads to significantly disaggregation of Aβ fibrils. Taken together, our data indicate that biflavonoids promote disaggregation of Aβ fibrils due to their ability to disrupt the fibril structure, suggesting biflavonoids as a lead class of compounds to develop a therapeutic agent for Alzheimer’s disease.  相似文献   
3.
4.

Fe-based bulk metallic glasses (BMGs) with high boron content have potential application as a coating material used in the framework for storing spent nuclear fuels to support their safe long-term disposal. The high glass forming ability (GFA) and large supercooled liquid region are therefore required for such Fe-based BMGs in either the glassy powder fabrication or the subsequent coating spraying. In order to meet these requirements, the influence of Nb content on the GFA of Fe57Cr10Zr8B18Mo7−xNbx (x=1–5, at.%) alloys was investigated, as Nb has positive roles in GFA and thermal stability of BMGs. The results indicate that a fully amorphous phase in the as-cast samples with 3 mm in diameter is obtained for both the Fe57Cr10Zr8B18Mo5Nb2 and Fe57Cr10Zr8B18Mo4Nb3 alloys. The corresponding supercooled liquid regions of the two BMGs are 78 K and 71 K, respectively. The mechanism for improving their GFA was analyzed based on the principle of metal solidification, the parameters for glass formation and thermal properties of the alloys. The compression strength and Vicker’s hardness of the two BMGs are 1,950 MPa and 1,310 HV, 2,062 MPa and 1,180 HV, respectively. The developed BMGs with high B content, good GFA, and very high hardness can be used as coating materials to the framework for spent nuclear fuels.

  相似文献   
5.
The Gli-B1-encoded γ-gliadins and non-coding γ-gliadin DNA sequences for 15 different alleles of common wheat have been compared using seven tests: electrophoretic mobility (EM) and molecular weight (MW) of the encoded major γ-gliadin, restriction fragment length polymorphism patterns (RFLPs) (three different markers), Gli-B1-γ-gliadin-pseudogene known SNP markers (Single nucleotide polymorphisms) and sequencing the pseudogene GAG56B. It was discovered that encoded γ-gliadins, with contrasting EM, had similar MWs. However, seven allelic variants (designated from I to VII) differed among them in the other six tests: I (alleles Gli-B1i, k, m, o), II (Gli-B1n, q, s), III (Gli-B1b), IV (Gli-B1e, f, g), V (Gli-B1h), VI (Gli-B1d) and VII (Gli-B1a). Allele Gli-B1c (variant VIII) was identical to the alleles from group IV in four of the tests. Some tests might show a fine difference between alleles belonging to the same variant. Our results attest in favor of the independent origin of at least seven variants at the Gli-B1 locus that might originate from deeply diverged genotypes of the donor(s) of the B genome in hexaploid wheat and therefore might be called “heteroallelic”. The donor’s particularities at the Gli-B1 locus might be conserved since that time and decisively contribute to the current high genetic diversity of common wheat.  相似文献   
6.
In this study, we investigate the immunomodulatory effects of a novel antimicrobial peptide, YD1, isolated from Kimchi, in both in vitro and in vivo models. We establish that YD1 exerts its anti-inflammatory effects via up-regulation of the Nrf2 pathway, resulting in the production of HO-1, which suppresses activation of the NF-κB pathway, including the subsequent proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α. We also found that YD1 robustly suppresses nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production by down-regulating the expression of the upstream genes, iNOS and COX-2, acting as a strong antioxidant. Collectively, YD1 exhibits vigorous anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity, presenting it as an interesting potential therapeutic agent.  相似文献   
7.
Owing to the prohibition of cosmetic animal testing, various attempts have recently been made using skin-on-a-chip (SOC) technology as a replacement for animal testing. Previously, we reported the development of a pumpless SOC capable of drug testing with a simple drive using the principle that the medium flows along the channel by gravity when the chip is tilted using a microfluidic channel. In this study, using pumpless SOC, instead of drug testing at the single-cell level, we evaluated the efficacy of α-lipoic acid (ALA), which is known as an anti-aging substance in skin equivalents, for skin tissue and epidermal structure formation. The expression of proteins and changes in genotyping were compared and evaluated. Hematoxylin and eosin staining for histological analysis showed a difference in the activity of fibroblasts in the dermis layer with respect to the presence or absence of ALA. We observed that the epidermis layer became increasingly prominent as the culture period was extended by treatment with 10 μM ALA. The expression of epidermal structural proteins of filaggrin, involucrin, keratin 10, and collagen IV increased because of the effect of ALA. Changes in the epidermis layer were noticeable after the ALA treatment. As a result of aging, damage to the skin-barrier function and structural integrity is reduced, indicating that ALA has an anti-aging effect. We performed a gene analysis of filaggrin, involucrin, keratin 10, integrin, and collagen I genes in ALA-treated human skin equivalents, which indicated an increase in filaggrin gene expression after ALA treatment. These results indicate that pumpless SOC can be used as an in vitro skin model similar to human skin, protein and gene expression can be analyzed, and it can be used for functional drug tests of cosmetic materials in the future. This technology is expected to contribute to the development of skin disease models.  相似文献   
8.
研究Nb元素对Cr-Ni-Mo系合金在不同渗碳热处理工艺下组织和性能的影响。结果表明,不同渗碳工艺下Nb元素对表面硬度及表面残留奥氏体含量、非马组织影响不大。但是,通过Nb元素细化晶粒的试验钢,在较长的渗碳工艺下能使得有效硬化层深加深10%且获得更细的表层马氏体片层组织。  相似文献   
9.
对激光选区熔化(Selective laser melting,SLM)成形马氏体时效钢进行固溶及500 ℃时效不同时间的热处理,分析时效时间对其组织性能的影响。结果表明:SLM 18Ni300钢经固溶+时效处理后,其组织为马氏体、逆转变奥氏体和Ni3(Mo, Ti)析出相,随时效时间增加,析出相数量逐渐增加并聚集长大,同时逆转变奥氏体含量增大。随时效时间的增加,其硬度和强度逐渐增加达到峰值后下降,而伸长率不断增加。SLM 18Ni300钢的最佳时效工艺为500 ℃×4 h。  相似文献   
10.
对航天用紧固件TC4钛合金棒材进行固溶时效处理,对棒材不同位置进行显微组织观察、硬度和室温拉伸性能检测。结果表明:TC4钛合金棒材经固溶时效后表面至心部的组织与性能受冷却速度的影响呈现显著差异。固溶时效后的显微组织由稳定的等轴α相、弥散的马氏体α′相和亚稳定β相组成,试样端面上因冷却速度相差不大,次生α相的形态和含量没有明显差异;中部截面上边部至心部的次生α相含量逐渐增多,同时次生α相片层厚度逐渐增大并趋于等轴化。端面上不同位置显微硬度值没有明显差异,但中部截面上由边部至心部的显微硬度值呈总体降低趋势,且中部截面上边部的显微硬度值与端面相差不大。试样心部因固溶过程中冷却缓慢,整体试样的室温拉伸性能明显低于去除心部的试样。  相似文献   
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