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1.
通过接触角测量仪、扫描电镜、红外光谱、电化学工作站对经阳极氧化及低表面能物质修饰相结合处理的7075铝合金的表面的形貌、化学成分和耐蚀性能进行了表征。结果表明:阳极氧化法构筑的珊瑚状微纳结构和低表面能十四酸的协同效应赋予了7075铝合金表面超疏水性能。当草酸浓度40 g/L、电流密度20 A/dm2、阳极氧化时间10 min时,获得的铝合金超疏水表面接触角最大,为152°,耐蚀性能最好,腐蚀速率比铝合金基体降低了4个数量级,同时具有优异的防污和自清洁性能。  相似文献   
2.
Composites of Al2O3/ZrO2 (containing 25, 50, and 75 vol% ZrO2) were prepared by mixing Al2O3 and ZrO2 suspensions. The microstructural control via two-step sintering (TSS) was the main objective of this work. For this purpose, different sintering curves were constructed, aiming to achieve the best temperature combination for the sintering steps that provides higher density and finer microstructure. The results were compared with single-step sintering (SSS). Furthermore, microhardness and fracture toughness were measured for the best TSS specimens under each composition. The results showed that the high densities were obtained, and the reduction of grain size was greater than 40% for two-step sintered specimens, compared to SSS ones. Consequently, microhardness values increased. However, fracture toughness values remained unchanged.  相似文献   
3.
In recent literature, a new chromatic adaptation transform, CAT16, has been published to improve upon the widely used CAT02 model. The CAT16 model is based on the form of the CAT02 transform adopted in CIECAM02, but uses a slightly different sensor space to fix some gamut problems plaguing CIECAM02 and adopts a two-step CAT to ensure symmetry and transitivity. CAT16 is included in CAM16 but is also being promoted as a stand-alone CAT, one that can be used outside of the CAM16 model. However, the use of CAT16 as a stand-alone model can cause inconsistencies in the calculated corresponding colors due to the presence of the relative luminance of the adapting white (Yw) in the von Kries-Ives gain control factors. Such inconsistencies are not present for the stand-alone version of the CAT02 model, which, unlike the version adopted in CIECAM02, does not include the Yw factors. CAT16 should therefore be modified by omitting the Yw factors. In this article, we will briefly discuss these issues in more detail and provide a consistent two-step CAT adopting the CAT16 sensor space.  相似文献   
4.
在无模板剂水热体系中,采用高温预晶化、低温晶化的变温两段晶化法,在摩尔组成12Na2O∶80SiO2∶2Al2O3∶2500H2O条件下,成功合成了规整均一的高结晶度HZSM-5分子筛。高温预晶化是为了在短时间内形成大量ZSM-5晶核,而低温晶化是为了控制晶核生长。采用XRD、SEM、DLS和Py-IR对合成的HZSM-5分子筛进行了表征。结果表明,高温预晶化时间的延长可以增加晶核数量,低温短时间晶化可以有效控制晶粒尺寸,合成的类蛹状HZSM-5与商业HZSM-5相比,B、L酸量增加,B/L比值降低。  相似文献   
5.
Corundum abrasives with plate-like grains were fabricated by a two-step sintering technique using the solution-based process with the addition of the ternary compound additive Na3AlF6-CaO-SiO2. The two-step sintering method showed obvious advantages over conventional sintering methods in promoting sample densification, suppressing grain growth, and homogenizing the microstructure of the corundum abrasives. The sample doped with 2.5?wt% Na3AlF6 and 4?wt% CaO + SiO2 in the molar ratio of 1:1 possessed a relative density of 99.3%, average grain size of 0.54?µm, and single-particle compressive strength of 49?N. The introduction of seeds reduced the temperature of θ- to α-Al2O3 phase transformation. The relationship between the microstructure and the mechanical properties of the abrasives was also discussed.  相似文献   
6.
In this article, a facile two-step activation method, coupled with phosphoric acid (H3PO4)-assisted pretreatment and followed KOH activation, was reported for constructing hierarchical porous carbon (HPC) materials derived from lignin. The introduction of H3PO4, cross-linked with lignin sources generated phosphate (and/or polyphosphate) ester groups throughout the lignin structure, which endowed the pre-activated intermediate char (IC) with a hierarchical porous structure. Such phosphate esters contributed to the multi-scale pore structure within the pre-activated IC, which was beneficial for the uniform distribution and impregnation of subsequent KOH activators, thus leading to the formation of HPC materials. The as-prepared HPC exhibited a large specific surface area (SSA) of 1345.1 m2/g, which ensures the accessibility of the ion diffusion pathways. The supercapacitors integrated with HPC delivered a high specific capacitance of 241 F/g (in a three-electrode system) and outstanding rate capability with an 80.9% capacitance retention from 0.5 A/g to an ultra-high current density of 50 A/g.  相似文献   
7.
周雄  胡广洪 《表面技术》2019,48(1):161-167
目的通过正交实验优化不锈钢表面纳米孔制备工艺。方法通过田口实验方法设计正交试验优化工艺。采用含有氯化钠和硫脲的硝酸溶液阳极氧化制备纳米孔,在含有氯化钠、盐酸和硫酸的水溶液中进行扩孔处理。通过扫描电子显微镜、能谱仪对表面处理后的试样表面形貌和元素进行分析,应用软件统计SEM图片孔隙率,并将孔隙率作为响应指标,利用极差分析和方差分析研究阳极氧化工艺和扩孔时间对表面形貌及孔隙率的影响,并优化工艺参数。结果 SEM照片和5个水平的均值表明,硝酸浓度的提高有利于提高孔隙率,较高的硫脲浓度有利于形成均匀有序的纳米孔结构,氯化钠浓度、氧化时间、氧化电压和扩孔时间对表面形貌和孔隙率影响不明显。元素分析表明,纳米孔的材料仍然是不锈钢,而不是金属氧化物。正交实验优化的工艺参数是:硝酸的体积浓度为90 mL/L,硫脲的质量浓度为3.5 g/L,氯化钠的质量浓度为20 g/L,氧化时间为120 s,氧化电压为5.0 V,扩孔时间为50 s。结论通过实验验证,优化后的工艺能够制备出表面较平整、孔隙率较高的纳米孔结构。  相似文献   
8.
Self-assembled peptide hydrogels represent the realization of peptide nanotechnology into biomedical products. There is a continuous quest to identify the simplest building blocks and optimize their critical gelation concentration (CGC). Herein, a minimalistic, de novo dipeptide, Fmoc-Lys(Fmoc)-Asp, as an hydrogelator with the lowest CGC ever reported, almost fourfold lower as compared to that of a large hexadecapeptide previously described, is reported. The dipeptide self-assembles through an unusual and unprecedented two-step process as elucidated by solid-state NMR and molecular dynamics simulation. The hydrogel is cytocompatible and supports 2D/3D cell growth. Conductive composite gels composed of Fmoc-Lys(Fmoc)-Asp and a conductive polymer exhibit excellent DNA binding. Fmoc-Lys(Fmoc)-Asp exhibits the lowest CGC and highest mechanical properties when compared to a library of dipeptide analogues, thus validating the uniqueness of the molecular design which confers useful properties for various potential applications.  相似文献   
9.
周松波  胡锋  尹朝朝  吴开明 《钢铁》2020,55(11):103-111
 中碳贝氏体钢由亚微米贝氏体铁素体板条和残余奥氏体组成,对韧性起主要作用的为残余奥氏体,通过细化块状组织能显著提高贝氏体钢的韧性。为了探究块状组织细化对断裂行为的影响,采用两步贝氏体等温工艺对中碳(碳质量分数为0.3%)贝氏体钢中块状组织进行细化,对拉伸和冲击性能及其裂纹扩展行为变化进行了研究。利用光学、扫描电子(SEM)、透射电子(TEM)显微镜、X射线衍射(XRD)等对试验钢的显微组织类型和尺寸、拉伸和冲击性能及断口形貌进行表征和分析。结果表明,与一步贝氏体工艺相比,两步贝氏体工艺中新形成的贝氏体铁素体分割细化块状马氏体+残余奥氏体,随着真应变的增加,加工硬化的效果更好;断裂形式为韧性断裂,且韧窝的数量、深度更优于一步贝氏体转变,塑韧性更佳。  相似文献   
10.
两步盐析联合双水相萃取提取纯化蓝藻中藻蓝蛋白   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
以巢湖新鲜蓝藻为处理对象,采取冻融破壁的方式获取藻蓝蛋白的粗提液,采取两步盐析联合双水相萃取的方法提取纯化藻蓝蛋白。运用0.618法选点实验研究了两步盐析中(NH4)2SO4饱和度对提取纯化影响,构建了聚乙二醇(polyethylene glycol,PEG)-(NH4)2SO4的双水相体系,综合考虑PEG相对分子质量、PEG质量分数、(NH4)2SO4质量分数、p H值和藻蓝蛋白质量浓度对提取纯化藻蓝蛋白的影响。结果表明:室温25℃条件下,一步盐析时(NH4)2SO4的最佳饱和度为21%,二步盐析时(NH4)2SO4的最佳饱和度为30%。两步盐析后得到的藻蓝蛋白构建成PEG-(NH4)2SO4的双水相体系后,当PEG相对分子质量1 000、PEG 1 000质量分数10%、(NH4)2SO4质量分数25%时,藻蓝蛋白的纯度可达3.45。  相似文献   
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