数据库垄断的成因及对策分析

学术数据库市场被少数几个出版商掌握，新的数据库商难以加入到竞争中来，因此导致了学术数据库市场的垄断问题。本文通过叙述学术数据库垄断的四个问题，即数据库定价的不合理、数据库许可权的滥用、经营者集中和数据库用户受限，提出通过开放获取、图书馆联合与立法保护来应对数据库市场的垄断问题。     

The sustainability of sugarcane-ethanol systems in Guatemala: Land, labour and law

Since 2010, Guatemala has been exporting ethanol, principally to European markets. This means that Guatemalan biofuel has been certified sustainable, although this is deeply contested with NGO reports drawing attention to the negative impacts of ‘agrofuels’, particularly for marginalised communities. Guatemala therefore provides an excellent case study for examining not only the impacts of increased global demand for biofuels, but also whether sustainability, as conceptualised by the European Union's Renewable Energy Directive, can capture those issues that are salient to the Guatemalan context. Drawing on more than eighty qualitative, in-depth interviews, this paper finds that the bloc's governance framework for biofuels fails to capture many of the issues that matter most to local people in Guatemala, namely land access, trade unions and compliance with the law. This paper argues that the current framework therefore runs the risk of exacerbating the plight of Guatemala's already marginalised rural communities.     

新建筑的呼唤--绿色和人文及健康

通过对“绿色建筑”、“人文建筑”、“健康建筑”的概念、意义及具体做法的介绍,体现新建筑的三大需求,展望建筑业的发展方向,从而加快建筑业的发展进程。     

危岩支撑及支撑-锚固联合计算方法研究

危岩是三峡库区典型的地质灾害类型之一 ,根据失稳类型本文将危岩分为坠落式危岩、滑塌式危岩和倾倒式危岩三类。其中坠落式危岩和滑塌式危岩的破坏机理主要属于危岩体沿着主控裂隙面剪切破坏 ,而倾倒式危岩则主要属于危岩体围绕基部倾覆点拉裂转动破坏。实践表明 ,具有支撑条件时 ,支撑是极其有效的技术类型 ,尤其对坠落式危岩和倾倒式危岩更为适用。作用在危岩体上的荷载主要有自重、裂隙水压力和地震力 ,可构成三种荷载组合。基于支撑体的容许承载力及危岩体的极限平衡理论 ,本文建立了坠落式危岩的支撑计算方法 ,建立了倾倒式危岩的支撑 -锚固联合计算方法 ,量化了支撑体尺寸 ,获得了倾倒式危岩所需的锚杆 (索 )数量。文中所提出的危岩支撑计算方法两年来已经在三峡库区的数百个危岩体治理中得到成功应用 ,并被录入《重庆市(三峡库区 )滑坡、塌岸、危岩防治工程设计技术规范》中 ,用于指导三峡库区重庆境内的危岩防治工程。     

西安钟鼓楼广场及地下工程结构设计

西安钟鼓楼广场及地下工程是西安市重点工程。为了降低结构高度及减小开挖深度,工程采用了无梁楼盖体系。采取措施避免降水对古建筑钟鼓楼的影响。对超长结构采取了较为合理的结构措施,降低了温度效应的影响。对工程的重点部位的详细设计进行了探讨。可供类似工程参考。     

EPS的STL模型连续热切割技术加工研究

基于STL(标准模板库)模型投影轮廓的连续切割技术对EPS(聚苯乙烯)建筑模型加工进行研究,提出了分组矩阵切片算法,并在每组中建立局部拓扑关系提高分层切片的效率,结合截面轮廓求并算法,应用于投影轮廓连续切割技术,解决了非对称曲面在加工过程中与热丝的干涉难题。开发出基于STL模型投影轮廓轨迹的自动编程系统,以此作为软件平台结合五自由度建筑初模的数控热切割加工装置的硬件设施,实现了建筑模型加工。实验结果表明,该系统能高效、准确加工出所设计的建筑模型。     

Ex-ante evaluation of EU ETS during 2013–2030: EU-internal abatement

This study investigates CO₂ emission reduction within the EU resulting from the Emissions Trading Scheme (ETS) up to 2030. This is performed by constructing a baseline scenario without the ETS and assessing the impacts of the ETS, as currently designed. The results indicate that the ETS will start to impact emissions primarily after 2025 due to the prevalence of a sizable allowance surplus. The impact of approved (i.e. back-loading and 2.2% linear reduction factor (LRF)) and proposed (i.e. market stability reserve (MSR)) policy interventions and the inclusion of aviation, could accelerate the exhaustion of surplus and increase emission reductions during the investigated period. However, these measures would be insufficient to restore the scarcity of allowances and the corresponding carbon price before the start of ETS Phase IV, and the effectiveness of EU-internal abatement cannot be guaranteed until 2023. The effectiveness could be further reduced in the case of the economic shocks or the exclusion of international aviation.To restore the scarcity of allowances, other reform options are necessary. This paper extends the reasoning for the early removal of the back-loaded 900 Mtonne allowances by 2020 and broadening the scope of ETS to other sectors with potential high demand for allowances.     

基于3D打印铸造技术综合实训模式的探索与实践

以培养学生的综合创新与实践动手能力为目的,探索了3D打印-铸造模块交叉融合开放实训的教学模式在工程训练中心的应用前景,包含课程体系、运行机制及实训效果等内容。3D打印-铸造两模块交叉融合实训使用包括三维建模、3D打印、熔模铸造等技术进行金属材质的产品制造,能够提高学生的工程实践动手能力、激发学生的综合创新能力。此举有效的推动了工程训练中心的模块建设和实训改革,对于工程训练中心后续全面开展模块交叉融合式的开放工程实训具有一定的借鉴作用。     

浅谈如何更有效的提升煤矿工会的服务管理效能

企业工会是我们党领导的基层群众组织。从煤矿企业工会的角度,对怎样切实提高其服务职工、管理职工的水平与能力进行了探讨。     

旋转图像的合成与识别仿真

介绍了对旋转图像进行计算机模拟识别的两种方法:匹配相关和联合相关.通过对两种算法模拟数据的比较,得出了联合相关算法对待识别图像方面的优越性,以及计算机模拟识别相对于光学器件的简洁性和显著性.