The effect of the nutri-score label on consumer’s attitudes,taste perception and purchase intention: An experimental pilot study

A large number of studies has emerged on the environmental impacts of diets, with most studies concluding that a diet rich in plant-based foods, that are low in salt, sugar, and fat, and score high in nutritional values, confers both improved health and environmental benefits. Currently, new interventions are being implemented to improve people’s eating behavior, because most people overconsume unhealthy snacks, containing high proportions of salt, sugar and fat. The purpose of the current pilot study was to investigate the effects of the Nutri-Score label on three different snack bars on consumers’ attitudes, taste perception, and purchase intention towards these food products. An experimental study was conducted with a between subject design (food packaging with Nutri-Score label versus without) among 192 participants (M_age 31.7 years, SD 14.3 years; 63% female). Results showed that there were no effects found for the effect of the Nutri- Score label on consumers’ attitudes, taste perception and purchase intention. Bayesian analyses support the conclusion that the null hypothesis is accepted. These findings show that integrating the Nutri-Score label on food packages did not modify cognitive responses of consumers towards these food products. Changing consumption behaviors is challenging and more empirical and theoretical understanding is needed.     

我国预包装食品致敏原声称情况调查

目的 了解我国预包装食品标签中致敏原声称的使用情况,为修订《预包装食品标签通则》提供建议。方法 在全国各地大中型超市进行采样或拍照,收集预包装食品致敏原标签声称信息并录入Excel,对各类食品的致敏原声称使用情况进行统计。结果 共采集8 694份样品,致敏原标签的总体标识率为21.58%(1 876/8 694),其中焙烤食品含有致敏原声称的标识率最高(65.73%, 468/712)。各致敏原成分中,关于乳及乳制品致敏原的声称率最高(17.09%,1 486/8 694),使用“可能含有”“本生产线也生产”“本加工设备也生产”“本生产工厂也加工”等常用于表明存在交叉接触的预防性致敏原声称的频率较高,主要集中在焙烤食品、膨化食品、谷物及其制品等3类食品中。结论 我国预包装食品中使用食品致敏原声称的食品种类较多,致敏原声称的使用缺乏规范,个别食品类别使用预防性致敏原声称的频率较高。致敏原声称在食品产品中广泛使用,应将其作为我国致敏原标识管理的重点。     

Background and foreground interaction: Influence of complementary colors on the search task

Labels are indispensable visual (communication) elements that completely deliver the geospatial message of maps. The objective of this study is to investigate the impact of complementary colors between the map's background and text on the readability of cartographic texts and thus on the efficiency of the map user's search task. This is compared with the use of the “traditional” black labels on the corresponding colored backgrounds. Furthermore, a number of user characteristics, such as gender and expertise, are taken into account as well. The users' eye movements were registered to study their attentive behavior during the visual search task. In addition to the complement of the color's hue, the analyses were based on the difference in luminance, which could also affect the labels' readability. The difference between the black and colored label design was significantly different versus the eye‐tracking metrics. A correlation was found between the color difference and reaction time measurement and between the luminance difference and fixation duration. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Col Res Appl, 40, 437–445, 2015     

Automatic brain tissue segmentation in MR images using hybrid atlas forest based on confidence-weighted probability matrix

The segmentation of specific tissues in an MR brain image for quantitative analysis can assist the disease diagnosis and medical research. Therefore, a robust and accurate method for automatic segmentation is necessary. Atlas-based-method is a common and effective method of automatic segmentation where an atlas refers to a pair of image consist of an intensity image and its corresponding label image. Apart from the general multi-atlas-based methods, which propagate labels through the single atlas then fuse them, we proposed a hybrid atlas forest based on confidence-weighted probability matrix to consider the atlases set as a whole and treat each voxel differently. In the framework, we first register the atlas to the image space of target and calculate the confidence of voxels in the registered atlas. Then, a confidence-weighted probability matrix is generated and it augments to the intensity image of the atlas or target for providing spatial information of the target tissue. Third, a hybrid atlas forest is trained to gather the features and correlation information among the atlases in the dataset. Finally, the segmentation of the target tissues is predicted by the trained hybrid atlas forest. The segment performance and the components efficiency of the proposed method are evaluated on the two public datasets. Based on the experiment results and quantitative comparisons, our method can gather spatial information and correlation among the atlases to obtain an accurate segmentation.     

Trans fatty acids in commercial cookies and biscuits: An update of Portuguese market

Cookies and biscuits are a recognized source of trans fatty acids (TFA). Aware of its consumption worldwide, an update on TFA content was taken in 2012, in a total of 50 samples commercialized in Portugal. Despite the absence of specific Portuguese legislation, TFA amounts in cookies and biscuits are generally low, with TFA amounts lower than 0.1 g per 100 g, and an average of 0.6% in the extracted fat in 49 of the 50 samples analyzed. Unfortunately, one sample presented 27% of TFA in the lipids, highlighting that the problem is still present. Also, a high prevalence of saturated fatty acids was observed, as high as 92.4% in the fat (53.0% on average). This fact is also a major health concern, particularly when the reformulation of these products in the last years (2006–2012) was effective regarding TFA reduction but seemed to have occurred at expenses of increasing SFA, thus reducing the potential beneficial effect achievable by replacing with cis-unsaturated fats, as generally recommended.     

融合语义标签和噪声先验的图像生成

针对现有生成模型难以直接从复杂语义标签生成高分辨率图像的问题,提出了融合语义标签和噪声先验的生成对抗网络(SLNP-GAN)。首先,直接输入语义标签(包含形状、位置和类别等信息),使用全局生成器对其进行编码,并结合噪声先验来学习粗粒度的全局属性,初步合成低分辨率图像;然后,基于注意力机制,使用局部细化生成器来查询低分辨率图像子区域对应的高分辨率子标签,获取细粒度信息,从而生成纹理清晰的复杂图像;最后,采用改进的引入动量的Adam算法(AMM)算法来优化对抗训练。实验结果表明,与现有方法text2img相比,所提方法的像素精确度(PA)在COCO_Stuff和ADE20K数据集上分别提高了23.73%和11.09%;相较于Adam算法,AMM算法收敛速度提升了约一倍,且损失值波幅较小。可见,SLNP-GAN能高效地获取全局特征和局部纹理,生成细粒度、高质量的图像。     

Experimental methods in chemical engineering: Electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy-EPR/ESR

Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy, also known as electron spin resonance spectroscopy (ESR), utilizes absorption of microwave radiation by unpaired electrons in a magnetic field. The interaction between the unpaired electron(s) and nearby magnetic nuclei helps identify paramagnetic species and can provide information about the motion of the molecule and the local polarity, pH, viscosity, concentration, and accessibility to other paramagnetic species. This mini-review discusses the fundamental underpinnings of EPR needed to correctly interpret EPR spectra. We describe various types of EPR spectra encountered by chemical engineers, and use application examples drawn from the chemical engineering literature to illustrate the information available from the technique. Few chemical engineering departments or even chemistry departments have EPR instruments, which contributes to the significant barrier that prevents this being adopted as a routine measurement technique. However, in 2016 and 2017, Web of Science indexed 7000 articles that applied EPR spectroscopy. A bibliometric map categorized the keywords in four categories based on co-occurrences: magnetic properties, films, and luminescence; crystal structure, complexes, and ligands; nanoparticles, oxidation, and degradation; and, systems, radicals, and H₂ O₂ .     

澳大利亚和新西兰的窗能效评级制度

本文介绍了澳大利亚和新西兰的窗能效评级制度、能效标识等.     

带标签信息子字典级联学习的复合电能质量扰动识别方法

针对传统字典学习方法的训练样本信号单一、重构效果差等缺点,提出一种带标签信息子字典级联的学习方法,对电能质量扰动信号进行扰动识别。该方法首先对不同类别电能质量扰动测试和训练样本采用主成分分析方法进行降维特征提取,对训练样本添加标签信息,其次对不同类别的电能质量样本训练成冗余子字典并级联成结构化字典,最后将级联的字典优化学习并由冗余误差最小值来判断目标的归属类别。仿真实验结果表明,该方法下的识别效果优于支持向量机(SVM)和稀疏表达分类(SRC),抗噪声鲁棒性更强,在信噪比20 dB以上的环境中电能质量复合扰动识别率达到91.40%以上。     

基于RFID技术的行李管理应用研究

为解决客运站行李托运服务的准确性和高效性等问题,将基于改进LANDMARC算法的射频标签定位技术应用到行李的定位系统中。通过对算法的标签预分类和参考标签辅助方法的分析,建立了优化算法和行李定位精度之间的关系,提出了将改进后算法结合RF Code公司的硬件平台应用于铁路站行李托运管理系统的方法,在分析和优化读写器位置、参考标签密度等系统参数的基础上对定位精度进行了评价,并进行了实际定位效果的试验。试验结果表明,系统的标签定位平均误差减少了18%,并且有效减少了系统冗余计算,从而提高了行李定位速度。