Three-phase four-wire shunt active power filter based on the SOGI filter and Lyapunov function for DC bus control

The three-phase four-wire shunt active power filter (SAPF) was developed to suppress the harmonic currents generated by nonlinear loads, and for the compensation of unbalanced nonlinear load currents, reactive power, and the harmonic neutral current. In this work, we consider instantaneous reactive power theory (PQ theory) for reference current identification based on the following two algorithms: the classic low-pass filter (LPF) and the second-order generalized integrator (SOGI) filter. Furthermore, since an important process in SAPF control is the regulation of the DC bus voltage at the capacitor, a new controller based on the Lyapunov function is also proposed. A complete simulation of the resultant active filtering system confirms its validity, which uses the SOGI filter to extract the reference currents from the distorted line currents, compared with the traditional PQ theory based on LPF. In addition, the simulation performed also demonstrates the superiority of the proposed approach, for DC bus voltage control based on the Lyapunov function, compared with the traditional proportional-integral (PI) controller. Both novel approaches contribute towards an improvement in the overall performance of the system, which consists of a small rise and settling time, a very low or nonexistent overshoot, and the minimization of the total harmonic distortion (THD).     

Compensation of voltage disturbances using PEMFC supported Dynamic Voltage Restorer

The continuity of supply and quality of power are the two main significant aspects of today’s power delivery system. The Dynamic Voltage Restorer (DVR) is a series connected custom power device which improves the quality of power delivered to the consumers. This paper deals with the effectual exploitation of DVR for interconnecting the proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) stack to the grid based on optimized proportional integral (PI) and fuzzy logic (FL) Controller. The real coded Genetic algorithm (GA) is used to optimize the PI controller parameters. The PEMFC operated boost converter is used to boost up the fuel cell output voltage to balance the DC side necessities of the voltage source converter (VSC). The proposed DVR provides balanced and unbalanced voltage sag/swell compensation, harmonic reduction as well as an active power injection to the grid. The designed method also protects the sensitive loads from source side power quality disturbances including short term interruption. In addition, the harmonic compensation performance of the proposed work is validated by comparing with the results of the H^∞ controller based DVR under medium level voltage condition. The simulation results from MATLAB/SIMULINK are discussed to prove the effectiveness of the planned method.     

Practical Application of ±250‐kV DC‐XLPE Cable for Hokkaido–Honshu HVDC Link

The long‐term dc properties of DC‐XLPE insulation materials, which have been developed for dc use, were investigated. It was found that the lifetime of DC‐XLPE under dc voltage application is extended by the addition of nano‐sized filler. The time dependence of the space charge distribution at 50 kV/mm was observed for 7 days. Almost no accumulation of space charge in DC‐XLPE was found. The 250‐kV DC‐XLPE cables and accessories were manufactured and subjected to a type test and PQ test for use in the Hokkaido–Honshu dc link facility owned by the Electric Power Development Co., Ltd. These tests were performed under conditions that included a polarity reversal test for line commutated converter (LCC) systems as recommended in CIGRE TB 219. The test temperature was 90 °C. The type test and PQ test were successfully completed. The DC‐XLPE cable and accessories were installed in summer 2012 for the Hokkaido–Honshu dc link. After the installation of the dc extruded cable system, a dc high‐voltage test at 362.5 kV (=1.45 PU) for 15 min was successfully completed in accordance with CIGRE TB 219. This dc extruded cable system was put into operation in December 2012 as the world's highest‐voltage extruded dc cable in service and the world's first dc extruded cable for a LCC system including polarity reversal operation.     

Characterization of electrical sags and swells using higher-order statistical estimators

This paper deals with the detection of power quality anomalies which preserve the frequency of the power line, in particular sags and swells. Three statistical estimators have been used (variance, skewness and kurtosis) to enhance characterization of these anomalies. The proposed measurement strategy is funded in the tuning of the signal under test via a sliding window over which computation is performed. Then, the calculation of the statistical features reveals the inherent properties of the signal: amplitude, frequency and symmetry. The work primarily examines a number of synthetics in order to extract the theoretical statistical features. Then the algorithm is corroborated using real-life signals, obtaining an accuracy of 83%. This experience is part of the design of an instrument for the measurement of the power quality.     

Investigation of resonance phenomena in high speed railway supply systems: Theoretical and experimental analysis

The new Italian high-speed railway lines are characterized by a 2 × 25 kV-50 Hz electrification system that includes different harmonics sources. One of these can be identified in converters included in Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) for the supplying of some essential ancillary services located in Fixed Peripheral Points (FPP) and connected to the traction line by means of MV/LV transformers. They bring harmonics in power systems, that can be amplified by resonance phenomena. Other harmonics sources can be identified in drives and auxiliary converters installed onboard the trains. A measurement survey has been performed on one of the new Italian high speed railway lines, pointing out the presence of possible harmonic resonance phenomena. An EMTP-ATP power systems detailed model, already applied for preliminary studies in planning stage, has been used for verifying the existence of pre-defined operational power system assets that involve in harmonics amplification due to resonance phenomena.     

A Projective Framework for Polyhedral Mesh Modelling

We present a novel framework for polyhedral mesh editing with face‐based projective maps that preserves planarity by definition. Such meshes are essential in the field of architectural design and rationalization. By using homogeneous coordinates to describe vertices, we can parametrize the entire shape space of planar‐preserving deformations with bilinear equations. The generality of this space allows for polyhedral geometric processing methods to be conducted with ease. We demonstrate its usefulness in planar‐quadrilateral mesh subdivision, a resulting multi‐resolution editing algorithm, and novel shape‐space exploration with prescribed transformations. Furthermore, we show that our shape space is a discretization of a continuous space of conjugate‐preserving projective transformation fields on surfaces. Our shape space directly addresses planar‐quad meshes, on which we put a focus, and we further show that our framework naturally extends to meshes with faces of more than four vertices as well.     

考虑电流指令跟踪能力的PQ控制逆变型分布式电源故障模型

从逆变型分布式电源(IIDG)的数学模型、控制原理和参数设计角度出发,分析不同参数、故障前工况和故障严重程度条件下变流器电流对其指令的跟踪情景,进而提出一种考虑变流器电流指令跟踪能力的IIDG对称故障模型。该模型根据变流器电流能否准确跟踪指令将IIDG等值为压控电流源和压控电压源这2个阶段,可更加准确地反映对称故障期间IIDG的控制特性。与现有方法及电磁暂态仿真软件计算结果的对比分析表明,所提方法在简化计算的同时具备更高的计算精度。     

基于三相光伏微源的串联校正器参数设计方法

现有串联校正器的参数设计仍然采用工程试凑法,为此,提出了基于三相光伏微源的串联校正器参数设计方法。首先,针对微网中的三相光伏微源通常所采用的PQ控制,推导了更适合设计串联校正器参数的电流环数学模型。在此基础上,针对电流环这一恒值控制系统,基于线性系统控制理论提出了三种串联校正器的参数设计方案。最后,在MATLAB环境下采用算例验证并且比较得出具有最佳控制性能的方案;为了验证上述理论分析结果,在PSCAD/EMTDC环境下搭建了采用主从控制的微网平台,在不同的情况下,验证了理论分析所得的最佳方案,在实际模型中不仅使PQ控制的控制性能最佳,而且对v/f控制效果影响最小。     

孤岛运行光储微电网控制策略研究

光储微电网孤岛运行时存在电能质量差、系统稳定性差等问题。系统的控制策略多为基于PI控制的双闭环控制算法，导致动态响应速度慢。针对这一问题，提出了一种考虑新能源波动的多步预测有限集模型预测控制（FCS-MPC）策略。首先，对DC-DC变换器采用稳压控制，为逆变器提供稳定的直流电压提高系统的稳定性；然后，对光伏逆变器采用恒功率控制策略维持稳定的功率输出，对储能逆变器采用基于多步长改进模型预测控制（MPC）的下垂控制，以实现对参考电压的快速跟踪及负荷功率的合理分配，而且多步长改进MPC可降低传统MPC的预测误差，提高系统的稳定性；最后，利用MATLAB搭建仿真模型，仿真结果验证了所提控制策略的有效性。