Mixing characteristics for the single and air-water two-phase flows in miniaturized parallel multichannel-based devices

Investigation on the miniaturized parallel multichannel-based devices packed with glass beads to improve the mass exchange execution is the critical focal point of the current study. One of the essential parameters to specify the miniaturized devices' flow distribution is the residence time distribution (RTD). In the present context, the RTDs of a liquid tracer were investigated for the air-water multiphase flows (concurrent) across the multichannel-based miniaturized devices (comprising of 11 similar dimensional parallel channels). The devices were variable in height and packed with glass beads. The conductivity estimations generated the RTD curves and were addressed by the axial dispersion model (ADM). The fluid-flow rates differed within the range of 5–23 ml min⁻¹. The axial dispersion coefficients and the rate of the specific energy dispersion were investigated. The effects of pressure difference and geometry on the hydrodynamic attributes and mixing properties were well-illustrated, and the new correlations were suggested.     

混流式水泵水轮机轴向水推力计算方法

混流式水泵水轮机的轴向水推力对机组的结构设计和安全运行影响重大,但关于水推力精确计算的研究较少。对此,首先理论上阐释了轴向水推力的组成成分并进行各成分的机理分析。依靠CFD分析技术和相关测试技术进一步对某混流式蓄能机组的轴向水推力进行了数值计算和两个方案的现场测试,经过相互分析验证比较,最终掌握了混流式水泵水轮机轴向水推力的变化规律并提供了一种较为准确的计算方法。研究成果为深入分析奠定了基础。     

开孔三维编织复合材料的压缩性能

为研究机械开孔对三维编织复合材料压缩性能的影响,测试了2种三维编织复合材料试验件的压缩性能。1种为基本编织(100%编织纱)结构,另1种为含有编织纱/轴向纱(58/42)的结构,试验件编织角约为±12°。根据相关标准要求,分别进行有开孔和无开孔的复合材料试验件准静态压缩试验,并与层合板的压缩性能进行对比。研究结果表明:2种三维编织结构无缺陷材料的压缩强度较为接近,但引入开孔后,无增强纱结构可保留更高比列的压缩强度;引入开孔后,2种三维编织复合材料保留的压缩强度均高于层合板;在失效形式上,2种三维编织复合材料的宏观失效形式较为相似,均为剪切失效,表现出横向断裂且无分层现象。     

入口弯管对矿用轴流通风机气动性能影响的数值研究

以某大型矿用低压轴流式通风机为研究对象, 采用气体动力学性能试验和数值模拟的方法研究了不同入口弯管对风机性能的影响, 重点分析了入口弯管引起的叶轮内部流动特征和损失分布的变化规律。研究结果表明, 风机入口采用弯管连接缩短了进口管道的轴向长度, 节省了地下空间, 但同时来流的均匀性受到影响。弯管内气流速度梯度较大, 管道内侧易发生流动分离, 产生回流区, 增大了流体流动时的能量损失, 风机的整体性能下降。弯管与叶轮入口之间的连接长度会影响内部流场, 当附加直管段较长时, 来流均匀性得到提高, 风机性能有所改善。     

带式输送机驱动滚筒的有限元分析

针对带式输送机驱动滚筒轴向受力情况,提出了正态分布模型,结合ANSYS-APDL的语言编辑能力,用ANSYS Workbench对均匀分布、一阶正弦分布和正态分布的4种模型进行有限元分析,得到驱动滚筒应力应变图及位移变形的对比情况,为日后实验验证与优化设计提供理论支持。     

KJS-Y系列矿用水动力降尘器的改进设计

针对当前KJS-Y系列降尘器效率低的问题,通过调整叶轮轴向间隙与径向间隙参数,分别对不同安装参数的降尘器进行数值模拟,通过数值模拟分析特定截面压力分布情况,确定了叶轮最佳安装参数,大大提高了降尘器的工作效率,同时降低了设计成本。     

萃取塔数学模型及过程强化的若干研究进展

萃取塔因生产能力大、占地面积小、密闭性好等优点，在石油、化工、生物、医药和环境工程等多领域被广泛应用。本文从以下几个方面介绍了萃取塔近些年的研究进展：综述了传统萃取塔（脉冲萃取塔、转盘塔与Kühni塔等）的水力学、轴向扩散与传质模型的发展，分析比较了表面张力、传质方向、放大效应等因素对模型的影响；介绍了计算流体动力学（CFD）在萃取塔中单液滴、单相流模拟、液-液两相流模拟、外加能量模拟、与群体平衡模型（PBM）耦合模拟中的应用进展；介绍了国内外设计开发的新型萃取塔，包括改变传统塔的内构件和引入多种外场能量等方式来强化相间传质。研究表明，将先进实验研究方法、准确经验模型和可靠理论计算相结合，将会是萃取塔研究的重要手段和方向。     

Comparative analysis of energy absorption behavior of tapered and grooved thin-walled tubes with the various geometry of the cross section

ABSTRACT

In this paper, Crush force efficiency (CFE), Specific Energy Absorption (SEA), Energy Absorption per Crush Length (E_cl), Maximum and average crush forces of straight and grooved tapered thin-walled tubes with various cross-section shapes (circle, ellipse, square, rectangle, hexagon, and octagon) have been studied. The effects of taper, the groove (as initiator) and their interaction have been presented in the current study using Finite Element Method as a numerical method. The tubes have the same volume, height, average cross-section area, thickness and material and have been subjected to axial and oblique dynamic loading. The results of simulations show that the section's geometry, taper and groove addition have a significant effect on energy absorption behavior and the hexagon cross section have better energy absorption behavior compared with other considered geometries. On the other hand, it was found that the behavior of these structures could improve against dynamic axial and oblique impact loading with the cost-effective geometry modifications. These results could help to improve and choose appropriate energy absorber structure based on desirable crush force and energy absorbing characteristics.     

管壳式换热器的数值模拟和管束支撑分析

以某固定管板换热器为例，对数值模拟方法和管束支撑进行了研究。通过建立不同单元类型的换热器有限元模型，以换热器壳体轴向应力为指标，对比换热器筒体和管子中的轴向应力及管板挠度，研究了不同换热器有限元分析方法的合理性，考察了管板横向变形和换热管外侧及筒体内侧施加的壳程压力对筒体轴向应力的影响，以及换热管对换热器管板的支撑作用。     

BHA轴向磁干扰对方位测量误差的影响——基于人工磁场模拟方法

井下钻具组合（BHA）磁化形成的轴向磁场干扰是定向组件磁方位测量的一个重要的误差因素。为了对该误差因素进行独立分析，建立了大型三轴亥姆霍兹线圈人工磁场系统作为研究环境，使用不同磁通量的多个磁化组件作为干扰源研究在理想环境中轴向干扰磁场对定向组件的影响，并在此基础上提出了一种估算磁化组件磁极强度和校正轴向干扰的方法，通过改变空间姿态和三轴亥姆霍兹线圈磁场强度，分析了在不同井斜角、方位角和磁倾角的井眼轨迹中，轴向磁干扰对定向组件方位测量误差的影响，最后证明了校正磁性组件的轴向干扰方法，可以有效地提升BHA定向组件的方位测量精度。