miPP/ziPP共混体系的流动性能

首次对茂金属聚丙烯(miPP)／齐格勒-纳塔聚丙烯(ziPP)共混体系的流动性进行了系统的研究。研究发现，在miPP／ziPP共混体系中，miPP含量的变化改变了共混体系的相结构，这种相结构会随着温度和剪切速率的变化而产生明显的变化，从而改变了体系的流动性能，且该共混体系在不同剪切速率下的流动曲线可以分别通过两个模型进行模拟。     

Studies on high density polyethylene (HDPE) functionalized by ultraviolet irradiation and its application

The structure and properties of high density polyethylene (HDPE) functionalized by ultraviolet irradiation at different light intensities in air were studied by electron analysis, FTIR spectroscopy, contact angle with water, differential scanning calorimetry and mechanical properties measurement. The results show that oxygen‐containing groups such as C?O, C—O and C(?O)O were introduced onto the molecular chain of HDPE following irradiation, and the rate and efficiency of HDPE functionalization increased with enhancement of irradiation intensity. After irradiation, the melting temperature, contact angle with water and notched impact strength of HDPE decreased, the degree of crystallinity increased, and their variation amplitude increased with irradiation intensity. Compared with HDPE, the yield strength of HDPE irradiated at lower light intensity (32 W m^?2 and 45 W m^?2) increases monotonically with irradiation time, and the yield strength of HDPE irradiated at higher light intensity (78 W m^?2) increases up to 48 h and then decreased with further increase in irradiation time. The irradiated HDPE behaved as a compatibilizer in HDPE/polycarbonate (PC) blends, and the interface bonding between HDPE and PC was ameliorated. After adding 20 wt% HDPE irradiated at 78 W m^?2 irradiation intensity for 24 h to HDPE/PC blends, the tensile yield strength and notched Izod impact strength of the blend were increased from 26.3 MPa and 51 J m^?1 to 30.2 MPa and 158 J m^?1, respectively. Copyright © 2003 Society of Chemical Industry     

Specific interactions in blends containing Chitosan and functionalized polymers. Molecular dynamics simulations

Chitosan (CS)/poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and Chitosan/poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (P2HEM) blends have been studied through molecular dynamic simulations. In a previous work it was found miscibility between these polymers and it was attributed to hydrogen bonding formation. However, the experimental information obtained was not enough to know which of the interacting groups of Chitosan, i.e. -CH₂OH or -NH₂, are responsible of the interaction. Therefore, we have performed molecular dynamics simulation runs of 1 ns in order to calculate radial distribution functions (RDF) for the groups tentatively involved in the interaction. The results are correlated with our previous experimental data. This way, we have obtained a more precise conclusive information about the interactions involved as function of the blends composition. For low compositions of PVA and P2HEM the interaction is predominantly with the hydroxymethyl groups of CS while as the composition of PVA and P2HEM increases, the interaction with the amine groups increases.     

Synthesis and characterization of poly(siloxane-urethane)s

A series of polyurethane block copolymers based on hydroxy-terminated polydimethylsiloxane and poly(propylene glycol) soft segments of molecular weights 1818 and 2000, respectively, were synthesized. The hard segments consisted of 4,4′-diphenylnethane diisocyanate and 1,4-butanediol as the chain extender. Samples with different molar ratios were prepared. We tried to synthesize polydimethylsiloxane-based polyurethanes (PDMS-PU) containing a hard block as major fraction and a soft block as minor fraction for preparing toughened rigid systems. After a study of the pure polydimethylsiloxane-based polyurethane and poly(propylene glycol)-based polyurethane (PPG-PU), (mixed polyol)-based block copolymers and blends of PDMS-PU and PPG-PU were synthesized, and characterized by means of differential scanning calorimetry, tensile testing and scanning electron microscopy. In (mixed polyol)-based copolymers and lower hard-segment content blends, macro-phase separation occurred, but blends with higher hard-segment contents showed significant reduction in amounts of phase separation.     

高聚物共混物及嵌段共聚物熔体的流变性（Ⅰ）共混物熔体的流动特性

综述了高聚物二元共混物及嵌段共聚物熔体的静态流变性，分析了不同共混体系的流动曲线，总结了共混物的流动特性及规律     

电子型／离子型导电高分子共混物

用苯胺在酸性水溶液中的进行化学氧化聚合合成了能溶于Ｎ－甲基吡咯烷酮的高分子量聚苯胺（ＰＡｎ），并用这种ＰＡｎ与一种高分子固态离子导体－－聚乙二醇聚醚氨酯脲（ＰＥＵＵ）和ＬｉＣｌＯ４的复合物（ＰＥＵＵ－ＬｉＣｌＯ４）进行溶液共混制得了具有电子型／离子型两种导电功能的新型高分子共混物。用差示扫描量热法、动态粘弹仪、应力－应变试验、四探针法和交流阻抗谱对这种高分子共混物进行研究。实验结果表明，上述ＰＡｎ     

塑料合金用反应型相容剂

反应型相容剂含有反应基团,可与含相应基团的聚合物起化学反应,因而在混炼过程中增容。本文系统地介绍各种反应型相容剂的设计、合成、品种和应用。     

HPVC／PP共混改性研究：Ⅲ低分子量反应性化合物作相容剂

采用低分子量反应性化合物作相容剂，即化学交联体系来改善ＨＰＶＣ／ＰＰ共混物的相容性。考察了在不同共混比下，不同化学交联体系对共混物力学性能的影响，并观察了共混物的微观形态。结果表明，采用低分子量反应性化合物作相容剂，共混物的拉伸强度提高，但冲击强度无改善。分散相尺寸减小，相间粘接得到改善。并比较了３种增容方法的效果，发现ＣＰＥ是ＨＰＶＣ／ＰＰ共混物的最佳相容剂。     

聚氧化乙烯—聚磷酸钠共混物的钠离子导电性

研究了聚氧化乙烯-聚磷酸钠共混物的钠离子导电性和低分子量多缩乙二醇对共混物导电性的改进作用。结果表明,降低多缩乙二醇的分子量以及增加其含量都有利于提高共混物的离子导电率。增塑剂改进共混物导电性的实质是提高共混物的非晶相含量,共混物内钠离子传导发生在非晶区,聚合物链段运动是离子传导的主要推动力。     

Phase equilibria of quasi-binary systems consisting of multicomponent polymers 1 and 2. IV: Poly(ethylene oxide)/poly(propylene oxide) systems

To confirm the reliability of the theory of phase equibria of multicomponent polymer 1/multicomponent polymer 2 systems (i.e. quasi-binary systems) and the method of computer experiment based on this theory (Brit. Polym. J., 23 (1990)285; 23 (1990)299; Polym. Int., 29 (1992)219), could point curves (CPC), two-phase volume ratios ( R ) and critical solution points (CSP) have been determined experimentally for the quasi-binary mixtures of poly(ethylene oxide) (M¯_w = 647, M¯_w/M¯_n = 1.15; M¯_w and M¯_n, the weight-average and numberaverage molecular weights, respectively) and poly(propylene oxide) (M¯_w = 2028, M¯_w/M¯_n = 1.08; and M_w = 2987, M_w/M_n = 1.13). The hydroxyl end groups of both polymers were methoxylated in advance by the Cooper & Booth method (Polymer, 18 (1977)164). The thermodynamic interaction parameter between both polymers, χ₁₂, and the concentration dependence parameters for the above quasi-binary systems were determined by the method proposed in a previous paper (Brit. Polym. J., 23 (1990)299). CPC, R and CSP values calculated on the basis of the theory are in good agreement with the values determined experimentally.