Effects of apparent image velocity and complexity on the dynamic visual field using a high-speed train driving simulator

Train driving is a highly visual task. The visual capabilities of the train driver affects driving safety and driving performance. Understanding the effects of train speed and background image complexity on the visual behavior of the high-speed train driver is essential for optimizing performance and safety. This study investigated the role of the apparent image velocity and complexity on the dynamic visual field of drivers. Participants in a repeated-measures experiment drove a train at nine different speeds in a state-of-the-art high-speed train simulator. Eye movement analysis indicated that the effect of image velocity on the dynamic visual field of high-speed train driver was significant while image complexity had no effect on it. The fixation range was increasingly concentrated on the middle of the track as the speed increased, meanwhile there was a logarithmic decline in fixation range for areas surrounding the track. The extent of the visual search field decreased gradually, both vertically and horizontally, as the speed of train increased, and the rate of decrease was more rapid in the vertical direction. A model is proposed that predicts the extent of this tunnel vision phenomenon as a function of the train speed.Relevance to industryThis finding can be used as a basis for the design of high-speed railway system and as a foundation for improving the operational procedures of high-speed train driver for safety.     

300km/h高速铁路PC槽型梁动力试验研究

介绍北方交通大学与比利时鲁汶大学、布鲁塞尔自由大学、比利时铁路公司合作,在巴黎至布鲁塞尔之间高速铁路线上的Antoing大桥进行的二次高速铁路桥梁动力试验。试验桥梁由跨度50m的多跨预应力混凝土简支槽型梁构成,试验中列车速度达265-310km/h。通过现场试验和实验结果分析,得到了桥梁的频率、振型、阻尼等自振特性,以及桥梁在高速列车作用下的动挠度、梁和桥墩的横向和竖向加速度、橡胶支座的相对位移、梁体的动应变等动力响应特性。试验经验和测试结果对于充实高速铁路桥梁动力分析理论、改进数值分析模型、验证计算结果、提高高速铁路桥梁的动力设计水平、保证行车安全,具有重要的意义。     

高速列车风量控制式通风系统的探讨

介绍了能够减轻乘坐高速列车时产生的耳朵不适感的风量控制式通风系统，该系统通过检测车内外的压力来控制进排气量，并且由模拟计算证实，该系统能够控制车内压力的波动，满足高速列车的舒适性需要。     

列车对半圆拱形隧道中电磁波截止频率的影响

在空隧道中电磁波存在着截止频率，列车的存在改变了隧道的截面形状和尺寸，从而影响了电磁波的截止频率。应用有限元方法研究了煤矿井下巷道中列车的高度，宽度和位置对半圆拱形隧道电磁波截止频率的影响，其结果对铁路隧道，公安隧道等有限空间的无线通信也具有重要的意义。     

高速列车浮式地板振动响应有限元分析

针对采用试验方法开发高速列车浮式地板耗时耗力,且试验规模小,不能反映整车的振动效果的问题,基于有限元法进行高速列车振动响应分析.对三明治夹芯理论、蜂窝板理论和等效板理论进行比较,确定采用等效板理论数值模拟某浮式地板中的蜂窝板;利用橡胶材料的超弹性理论拟合橡胶材料参数;建立完整模型模拟实际工况下浮式地板的振动响应,得到浮式地板的隔振效果.结果表明此浮式地板的隔振效果约为90%,满足设计要求.     

基于CC-Link总线的火车皮防冻液自动喷洒系统的设计

针对选煤厂运煤火车人工喷洒防冻液不均匀的问题,设计了一种基于CC-Link的火车皮防冻液自动喷洒系统。该系统采用CC-Link现场总线技术将多套喷洒装置和防冻液加压泵站构建成工业现场级控制网络,实现了各装置之间的联动和实时监控。实际应用表明,该系统避免了防冻液的浪费,提高了工作效率。     

磁悬浮列车造型仿生设计研究

以仿生设计的理论为基础来指导磁悬浮列车造型设计,以期为列车车型概念提供灵感,提高列车造型品质,并满足车体气动性能的基本要求。首先,通过文献研究归纳了国内外以磁悬浮列车为主的轨道列车造型仿生的研究动向;其次,通过案例研究解析典型仿生设计系列车型案例,探究列车仿生对象的应用形式;再次,综合仿生设计与轨道列车设计的方法要素,构建磁悬浮列车仿生设计的一般程序,并基于车体线性趋势的仿生规律,以平鳍旗鱼为仿生对象,设计具有仿生特征的磁悬浮列车概念性设计造型方案;最后,通过初步的仿真模拟,得到该方案的空气阻力系数。通过将本方案与相关案例数据的对比,证明运用仿生设计可以满足磁悬浮列车造型对美学价值和气动性能的要求。     

高辐射耐热涂层的研制

阐述了一种具有高辐射和耐高温性能的涂层，它可用于铁路的红外轴温探测系统，以提高该系统红外线(红外热量)的辅出度。介绍了涂层的制备工艺及其指标数据的测定原理及方法，分析了影响涂层耐热性及热辐射性能的众多因素。     

城际铁路GSM-R技术向LTE-R技术演进

LTE-R是国际铁路联盟（UIC）确定的铁路下一代宽带移动通信系统。本文从系统应用、系统架构、系统性能等方面对GSM-R和LTE-R进行对比分析,以珠三角某城际铁路为例,结合城际铁路特点,阐述了城际铁路GSM-R向LTE-R演进策略。     

The locomotive assignment problem: a survey on optimization models

The objective of the locomotive assignment problem (LAP) is to assign a fleet of locomotives to a set of trains while satisfying a rich set of operational and budget constraints and optimizing one or more crucial objectives. This paper presents a survey on optimization models for this class of scheduling problems. Depending on the context of application, the kind of model used to solve the LAP varies; accordingly, this influences the solution methodology and algorithms used. In this paper, we review and also suggest a classification of the various models.