橡胶轮胎和软管用高强度钢帘线盘条的研发

为了减轻汽车重量,提高燃油消耗,研制了高强度钢帘线用线材。然而,开发高强度钢帘线的难点是必须同时获得高强度和良好的塑性。为了解决这一问题,通过分析拉丝过程中钢丝组织和力学性能的变化,研究了拉丝过程中的分层机理,提高了拉丝的塑性。采用1.0%C过共析钢和优化的拉拔工艺,在实验室可获得4400 MPa级钢帘线。     

Biocomposites of Epoxidized Natural Rubber/Poly(lactic acid) Modified with Natural Fillers (Part I)

The study aimed to prepare sustainable and degradable elastic blends of epoxidized natural rubber (ENR) with poly(lactic acid) (PLA) that were reinforced with flax fiber (FF) and montmorillonite (MMT), simultaneously filling the gap in the literature regarding the PLA-containing polymer blends filled with natural additives. The performed study reveals that FF incorporation into ENR/PLA blend may cause a significant improvement in tensile strength from (10 ± 1) MPa for the reference material to (19 ± 2) MPa for the fibers-filled blend. Additionally, it was found that MMT employment in the role of the filler might contribute to ENR/PLA plasticization and considerably promote the blend elongation up to 600%. This proves the successful creation of the unique and eco-friendly PLA-containing polymer blend exhibiting high elasticity. Moreover, thanks to the performed accelerated thermo-oxidative and ultraviolet (UV) aging, it was established that MMT incorporation may delay the degradation of ENR/PLA blends under the abovementioned conditions. Additionally, mold tests revealed that plant-derived fiber addition might highly enhance the ENR/PLA blend’s biodeterioration potential enabling faster and more efficient growth of microorganisms. Therefore, materials presented in this research may become competitive and eco-friendly alternatives to commonly utilized petro-based polymeric products.     

Characterization of barium titanate reinforced acrylonitrile butadiene rubber composites for flexible electronic applications: influences of barium titanate content

The aim of this study was to develop high dielectric constant flexible polymers with a highly efficient and cost‐effective approach using acrylonitrile butadiene rubber (NBR) as the polymer matrix and barium titanate (BT) as the high dielectric constant filler. The BT powder was synthesized with a solid‐state reaction and was characterized using a particle size analyzer, XRD, SEM and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. NBR/BT composites were fabricated using an internal mixer with various BT loadings up to 160 phr. The influence of BT loading on the cure characteristics and mechanical, dynamic mechanical, thermal, dielectric and morphological properties was determined. The incorporation of BT in the NBR matrix shortened scorch time and increased delta torque. The mechanical properties, thermal stability and dielectric constant were greatly improved and increased with BT loading. The results suggest that the reinforcement effect was achieved due to strong hydrogen bonding or polar–polar interactions between NBR matrix and BT filler. This is further corroborated by the good dispersion of BT filler in the NBR matrix observed with SEM imaging. These findings can be applied to produce high‐performance dielectric elastomers. © 2020 Society of Industrial Chemistry     

海上热采防砂封隔器研制与室内试验

海上稠油热采开发过程中,通常采用蒸汽吞吐的方式进行原油开采。为满足稠油热采长效密封要求,研制了HPHT-215型热采防砂封隔器。封隔器胶筒采用特制的氟硅基复合材料+玻璃纤维网结构,并开展了材料性能评价测试。通过有限元分析和室内胶筒组合测试,对胶筒材料和组合结构进行了评价优化。室内全尺寸整机测试表明:封隔器能够满足耐温350 ℃、耐压21 MPa密封性能要求,并开展了高低温多轮次密封性能评价测试。该型热采防砂封隔器的研制成功,为海上稠油蒸汽吞吐多轮次开发提供了保障,具有广泛的应用前景。     

轮胎橡胶复合材料的制备方法

环氧化天然橡胶是一种对天然橡胶进行环氧化改性得到的新型聚合物,具有优异的气密性、耐油性以及良好的黏着性,同时具有良好的抗湿滑性与较低的滚动阻力,在高性能绿色轮胎的应用中有广阔的应用前景。以环氧化天然橡胶复合材料为例,探究制备方法和过程。     

Synthesis and characterization of natural rubber-based telechelic oligomers via olefin metathesis

Metathesis degradation and functionalization of natural rubber (NR) were conducted with 1-hexene, 1-octene, 1-decene, 1-dodecene, trans-stilbene, and 4,4′-dibromo-trans-stilbene as chain transfer agents (CTAs) in presence of Grubbs 2nd generation catalyst to generate NR-based telechelic oligomers that had been a long-lasting challenge due to the structure and compositions of NR with various impurities. Orthogonal experiments were applied and the effects of the CTA type, CTA concentration, catalyst concentration, reaction time, and reaction temperature on the formation of telechelic oligomers were studied, indicating that the catalyst concentration was the major factor influencing the number average molecular weights (M_n) and polymer dispersity index (PDI) of telechelic oligomers. The structures of the oligomers were characterized using ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR, and MALDI-TOF-MS, which confirmed the formation of the designed terminal groups. The results showed that well-defined telechelic oligomers with a M_n of a few thousand and a PDI around 1.6 were obtained, with potential applications in binder, lubricant and many other fields.     

Rubber's dissipated energy quantification used in vibratory insulation and protection systems

In vibratory protection and insulation systems, the major problem consist to choose suitable passive elements (spring, damper, others), which are inserted between the resonator and the exciter which have the role of preventing or reducing the transmission of dynamic forces. This work consists of characterizing a synthetic rubber (SR) sample of hollow circular shape (design requirement) by determining the coefficient of energy dissipation at an average ambient temperature of 20°C with a humidity of 25%. The mechanical load and discharge tests make it possible to draw hysteresis curves through which the dissipation coefficient will be determined, the load values is between 500 and 1000 N, with 30, 60, and 90 mm/min loading speeds and a number of cycles 2, 3, and 5, these values have been chosen so as not to cause the effect of cyclic hardening and softening and also to take into consideration, that the vibration limits movement at 3 cycles, which makes this test different from other tests such as fatigue. The processing of different curves, allows to determine energy dissipation coefficient of rubber specimen and also to examine its variation as a function of load, loading speed, and number of cycles; it is possible to determine other characteristics from this coefficient, such as, damping ratio, dynamic amplification factor, and so on, necessary to study efficiency of protection systems, design, and manufacture, based on the curve of transmissibility of dynamic forces to evaluate performance rubber conditions use.     

Preparation and Characterization of Temperature‐Sensitive Poly(Styrene‐Butadiene‐Styrene)/Poly(N‐Isopropylacrylamide) Hydrogel Elastomer with Interpenetrating Polymeric Networks

A poly(styrene‐butadiene‐styrene)/poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide) (SBS/PNIPAM) hydrogel elastomer with interpenetrating polymeric network structure is prepared by using solution free radical polymerization in benzene/tetrahydrofuran solvent mixture. The characterizations of hydrogel elastomers are investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope, rheology, equilibrium swelling studies, and oscillatory swelling study. Results show that these hydrogel elastomers exhibit a temperature‐sensitivity inherited from PNIPAM component at the temperature around 30 °C. Besides, change with tetrahydrofuran to different proportion in solvent mixtures, constituent, and properties as gel content, swelling capacity, mechanical strength and volume phase transition degree are affected deeply.     

橡胶木纤维素纳米纤丝/二氧化锰/碳纳米管柔性电极材料的制备及表征

以橡胶木为原料，通过化学处理得到橡胶木纯化纤维素(PCF)，在此基础上通过高速剪切结合超声波处理制备得到纤维素纳米纤丝(CNF)。通过单相合成法制备二氧化锰(MnO₂)纳米片。以CNF为结构支撑体，MnO₂纳米片和碳纳米管(CNTs)作为活性电极物质，通过真空抽滤的方式制备CNF/MnO₂/CNTs柔性电极材料。采用多种手段对CNF、MnO₂以及电极材料的结构性能进行表征，并测试了电极材料的电化学性能。结构性能表征结果表明：CNF的直径为3~10 nm，具有大的长径比，是很好的结构支撑体，CNF为纤维素Ⅰ型结构；MnO₂纳米片为片层花瓣状结构，晶型为δ型。电化学性能测试结果表明：在扫描速率为50 mV/s时电极材料的比电容值为78.45 F/g，在电流密度为0.1 A/g时的电极材料比电容值为97.02 F/g，在低频区时，交流阻抗(EIS)曲线的直线部分斜率较大，表明电极材料具有良好的电容特性，在200次充放电循环测试过程中，电极材料的电容保留率始终维持在99%左右，表明该电极材料具有良好的电化学性能并且具有一定的柔性变形能力，可用作超级电容器的电极材料。