粉煤灰对砂浆及混凝土强度影响的研究

本文研究了水胶比、掺量及龄期对掺粉煤灰的砂浆和混凝土强度的影响规律,分析了粉煤灰的作用机理,提出了粉煤灰饱和掺量的概念,探讨了充分水化条件下砂浆体系获得最佳强度时的饱和掺量。     

硅酸盐熟料-煤矸石/粉煤灰混合水泥水化模型研究

对两种不同3CaO·SiO_2(C_3S)含量的硅酸盐水泥和分别掺有30%(质量分数,下同)煤矸石和30%粉煤灰的混合水泥中水化产物含量变化和形态进行了研究,建立了水化产物量变模型和水化产物形态模型,分析了模型的主要特征和意义。相同龄期,高C_3S硅酸盐水泥比低C_3S硅酸盐水泥生成更多的水化硅酸钙(calcium silicate hydrate,CSH)凝胶和氢氧化钙。含混合材的水泥水化时,CSH凝胶在水化早期和后期有两个增长幅度较大的阶段,并且1年后形成的CSH凝胶量与纯硅酸盐水泥的相当。水泥水化产物与混合材的二次水化反应较慢,研究掺有混合材水泥更长龄期的水化产物含量及结构变化,将有助于理解混合材对水泥性能的作用机理。     

聚合物干粉对水泥砂浆耐久性能的影响

建筑砂浆除了墙体砌筑和抹灰以及地面抹灰等普通用途外，还有防水、补强、防化学腐蚀等特殊用途的特种砂浆。特种砂浆因用途不同而对其耐久性能的要求不同。然而对于掺聚合物干粉的砂浆耐久性能，人们研究的还很少。在以前研究两种聚合物干粉——羟乙基甲基纤维素和乙烯基共聚物对水泥砂浆物理性能影响的基础上，本文主要研究这两种聚合物干粉对水泥砂浆耐久性能的影响规律，探讨其用作特殊用途的可行性。     

Effect of fly ash on drying shrinkage of thermal insulation mortar with glazed hollow beads

Drying shrinkage of thermal insulation mortar with glazed hollow beads was measured by a vertical length comparator, and the influences of fly ash with different contents (0, 18%, 36%, and 54% were used) on the long-term drying shrinkage were discussed. The mass loss was measured by the weighting method and the pore structure was characterized using three different methods, including the light microscopy, the mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP), and the nitrogen adsorption/desorption (NAD) experiments, and the correlations among them were researched. The results show that drying shrinkage process of thermal insulation mortar includes three steps with increasing curing time: the acceleration period (before 7 d), the deceleration period (7-365 d), and the metastable period (after 365 d). Drying shrinkage in the first stage (7 d before) increases quickly owing to the fast water loss, and its development in the last two stages is attributed to the increment of the pore volume of mortar with the radius below 50 nm, especially the increment of the pore volume fraction of the pore radius within the size range between 7.3 nm and 12.3 nm. There is no change in the drying shrinkage development trend of mortar with fly ash addition, and three steps in the service life, but fly ash addition in the mortar restrains its value. There is a linear relationship between the drying shrinkage and fly ash content, which means that drying shrinkage reduces with fly ash addition.     

Effect of calcium aluminate cement variety on the hydration of portland cement in blended system

Two kinds of CACs with different monocalcium aluminate（CA） contents were used in the PC/CAC（PAC） mixtures. Effects of CA and CACs on the properties of PAC were analyzed by setting times and the compressive strength tests, and also by means of calorimetry, XRD, DTA-TG and ESEM. The experimental results show that the compressive strength of the PAC mortars decreases with increasing content of CAC while it declines sharply with a higher content of CA in CAC. Compared with neat PC paste, the content of calcium hydroxide in hydrates of PAC paste decreases significantly, and the hydration time of PC is prominently prolonged. Additionally, the higher the content of CA in CAC, the more obviously the hydration of PC is delayed, confi rming that the CA phase in CAC plays an important role in the delay of PC hydration.     

废弃电路板非金属粉末粒径对水泥砂浆性能的影响

将废弃电路板回收处理后得到的非金属粉末掺入水泥砂浆中,研究非金属粉末粒径大小对水泥砂浆性能的影响;为改善非金属粉末和水泥浆体之间的界面性能进而改善复合砂浆的性能,采用硅烷偶联剂处理非金属粉末和在砂浆中加入丁苯乳液2种改性方法.结果表明：硅烷偶联剂处理可以降低砂浆的含气量和收缩率,加入丁苯乳液改善了砂浆的抗压强度和毛细孔吸水率.偶联剂处理和加入丁苯乳液都可以提高砂浆的抗折强度和黏结抗拉强度.废弃电路板非金属粉末粒径越小,水泥砂浆的抗压强度、抗折强度和黏结抗拉强度越大,含气量、收缩率和毛细孔吸水率越小.     

早强剂对煅烧煤矸石火山灰反应的激发作用

通过宏观力学性能测试、X射线衍射分析(XRD)、示差扫描量热分析(DSC)等手段对煅烧煤矸石-Ca-(OH)2-H2O体系在不同类型、不同掺量的早强剂作用下,体系的力学性能、组成特征、Ca(OH)2的含量及火山灰反应过程中Ca(OH)2的消耗量等进行了系统研究.结果表明:早强剂Na2SO4、CaCl2·2H2O对煅烧煤矸石的火山灰反应均有明显的激发作用,Na2SO4的激发效果优于CaCl2·2H2O,其适宜掺量在4%左右.     

聚合物改性水泥基材料性能和机理研究进展

论述了聚合物改性水泥基材料的性能和机理研究进展.性能研究进展方面主要从聚合物改性、聚合物和外加剂复合改性以及聚合物和其他填料复合改性水泥基材料3个方面进行了讨论.而聚合物改性机理则从聚合物改性水泥基材料的微观结构、聚合物对水泥水化的影响以及聚合物与无机胶凝相间的相互作用等方面进行了讨论.     

基于Rietveld精修法的水泥熟料物相定量分析

基于Rietveld精修法,通过Topas软件对水泥熟料的实验室X射线衍射(XRD)图谱进行拟合,分别研究晶体结构模型组合、精修区间和XRD扫描设定对熟料定量精修结果的影响.结果表明:多晶型晶体结构模型组合参与Rietveld定量精修可获得更为准确的矿物组成结果.对于实验室XRD图谱,选取2θ=(25°,70°)的精修区间即可满足定量精修的准确度.对于XRD扫描设定的研究表明,图谱的信噪比(有效counts值)较分辨率对Rietveld定量精修结果的影响更大;随着连续扫描速度的提高,Rietveld定量精修结果的误差逐渐增大,为保证定量精修结果的准确性和精确性,连续扫描的临界速度取2(°)/min.