城市公园视听感知品质评价研究——以成都环城生态区为例

随着城市进入高质量发展阶段,人们愈发重视景观所能带来的丰富感官体验,以往视觉环境特征主导的城市公园营造方法难以满足人们的更高需求。视觉和听觉作为人们最主要的环境信息感知途径,探索二者与景观体验之间的关系可为优化城市公园视听感知品质提供新的视角。研究选取了视景感知、声景感知、声源感知和公园功能特征4个维度共计13项指标,对公园城市建设试点城市—成都环城生态区内3类具有不同主导功能的公园视听感知品质进行评价,探索各维度之间的相互作用及其对总体感知评价的影响。结果发现当公园主导功能特征与其视景、声景协调时,呈现的总体评价结果相对较好,且不同功能城市公园视听感知品质的影响因素、影响方式均不相同。研究在揭示案例公园视听感知品质问题的基础上,提出利用视听交互影响间接提升公园景观体验的思路,为优化不同功能城市公园视听感知品质提供科学依据和灵活策略。     

声景方法在景观设计中的作用

Soundscape starts from human’s perception and understanding of users’ needs and expectations of a space in an un-visual observation and expression form. Similar to visual landscape, soundscape costbenefit can be rather attractive. However, how to integrate soundscape approaches into landscape design has not been sufficiently understood or applied by designers and practitioners. This paper aims to discuss the roles of soundscape approaches in landscape design by exploring the research outcomes, national policies, and the state-of-the-art design practice especially across the UK. The design elements of landscape have been demonstrated to be able to form positive soundscape in terms of both noise barrier and positive sound source, although there is still a lack of research on soundscape approaches in landscape design. Besides, relevant policies should encourage appropriate soundscapes and diversity of soundscapes in both urban and rural areas, which could provide more possibilities for landscape designers to create innovative design solutions for noise problems. The landscape design options need further development through collaboration and innovative thinking so that a greater variety of solutions can be implemented. Soundscape approaches are those which take into account interests of different groups, including transport authorities and developers. Coordinated solutions can be defined with the help of landscape and urban architects to fulfil stakeholders’ interests by creating a desirable urban soundscape.     

声景中声掩蔽效应导向的规划设计

声掩蔽效应在新兴的声景研究和设计中得到了广泛的发展和应用.自然声可以通过声掩蔽降低人们对城市噪声的感知.研究采用听音测试和噪声国模拟的方法,旨在探讨何种物理环境因素可对声景中的声掩蔽产生显著影响.以及利用规划设计手段增强积极声掩蔽效应的途径.研究表明,通过调整特定的可控城市形态参数值可降低噪声传播,扩大自然声的影响范围,增强积极声掩蔽效应,实现规划设计的整体优化.     

从中英比较调查看我国建筑垃圾减量化设计的现状及潜力

建筑垃圾减量化设计意味着通过建筑设计本身,尽可能减少建造过程中垃圾的产生,并且对已产生的垃圾进行再利用。本文通过对我国建筑师就建筑垃圾减量化设计现状和潜力的看法的调查以及相应的中英比较,提出了对我国建筑垃圾减量化设计的一些建议。