浅谈贵州关岭苗族刺绣工艺的变迁

社会文化的变迁是现代社会中的一种常态,人们在享受科技带来便利的同时,也对传统刺绣工艺的发展造成巨大的影响,尤其影响着苗族传统的刺绣工艺。关岭苗族刺绣工艺不断发展,从一开始的一针一线纯手工刺绣,逐渐被现代机器刺绣取而代之。以及刺绣工艺这门技艺的传承和延续逐渐出现断层,手工刺绣的制作慢慢被淡化。通过对关岭地区苗族刺绣工艺发展现状和变化的考察,以关岭刺绣工艺的传统制作和现代机器制作为例,分析被影响下的关岭苗族刺绣工艺的现状和变迁的原因。     

Research on image segmentation of Miao costume patterns based on the RSKP-UNet model北大核心CSCD

The Miao nationality is the sixth largest ethnic group in China which has a history of thousands of years. It has created a unique material culture and spiritual culture in its development process and the Miao costume is a highly condensed collection of the material and spiritual culture of the Miao nationality. As one of the unique symbols of Miao culture the Miao costume has profound cultural heritage and cultural connotations. The patterns of the Miao costume are particularly eye-catching as they not only symbolize the wisdom of the Miao people in thousands of years of production and life but also symbolize the pursuit of the good spirit of the Miao people. However under the impact of modern pop culture and foreign culture these cultural symbols are gradually disappearing. In order to protect and inherit them the Miao costume pattern segmentation has become the most important work. However the Miao costume pattern segmentation is quite difficult. At present there are few studies on the extraction classification identification and preservation of the features of Miao costume pattern segmentation. With the excellent segmentation performance of the U-Net model and the advantages of easy deployment the paper improves the basic structure of the U-Net model and proposes a Miao costume pattern segmentation algorithm based on the RSKP-UNet Residual Selective-Kernel Parallel U-Net model. The algorithm adds Residual modules in the encoder part of the U-Net model to improve the feature extraction capability of the model and embeds the SKNet modules and ParNet modules in the decoder part to enhance the feature expression capability of the model. The paper uses evaluation metrics to measure the segmentation performance of the model and compares it with four segmentation models based on deep learning. The paper not only combines the current research focus-deep learning and attention mechanism but also introduces the Lovász-hinge loss function to effectively solve the problem of class imbalance in the Miao costume patterns. The RSKP-UNet model is better than other models in various segmentation indicators. Compared with the benchmark model U-Net the Dice coefficient IoU precision recall and accuracy are improved by 6. 98% 11. 07% 2. 89% 6. 75% and 3. 92% . The segmentation algorithm proposed in this paper realizes the extraction of the element content of the Miao costume patterns through image segmentation of Miao costume patterns which can be used to build the Miao costume pattern database in this way thus helping designers relevant researchers and organizations to provide research foundation and completing the protection and inheritance of the Miao costume culture. The paper also provides some reference for the segmentation research of other minority costume patterns. © 2022 Authors. All rights reserved.     

堡寨聚落防御性空间解构及保护——以冷泉村为例

堡寨聚落的空间防御性通常是在特定时间段内,对区域社会环境和自然环境的具体表现。如今,随着现代社会环境的逐渐变化,新的村落空间构成摆脱了设防形式,堡寨聚落正处于极度的衰落之中,空间防御体系也遭到严重的破坏,因此对堡寨聚落防御性空间的研究紧迫而必要。通过对山西省晋中市灵石县冷泉古村的分析和实地调查、现场测绘等多种途径,对冷泉古村的空间防御层级构成进行解析,并划定保护区划,提出保护措施。最后,唤起人们对堡寨聚落空间层级的保护意识,以及为堡寨聚落空间的重新塑造提供借鉴。     

关于西南地区苗族传统聚落中自然要素的考察

传统聚落的保护与发展日渐成为城乡规划设计领域关注的热点,尊重传统村落的空间形态也已被纳入了常规的统筹领域。本文以发源于中国、有着悠久历史、世界分布广泛的苗族传统聚落为研究对象,探讨先民对于自然、空间的认识。从被选定的聚落空间里可反映自然观念的要素：如民俗文化、择地环境、住宅建筑等方面着眼,明晰其在发生期、形成期、发展期、保全期、存续期各阶段的表现,通过在该过程中所对应的现象,认识其规律,旨在在尊重传统、有利当下的前提下使其保存发展,并为后续的相关研究提供参考。     

论贵州苗族蜡染纹样之图腾崇拜

贵州苗族蜡染历史久远,可追溯到3000年前的秦汉时期。它是及传统文化与民间艺术为一体的大山瑰宝。通过对蜡染纹样的研究,阐述贵州苗族历代所隐含的图腾崇拜。论述了代表性纹样与之对应的图腾崇拜,进而分析了它们的审美内涵。提出了对图腾纹样的研究具有极高的文化艺术价值。     

苗族居住建筑档案研究

苗族人民非常重视他们的居住建筑,并且在这方面产生了众多的档案。笔者通过收集整理及其梳理,主要从苗族居住建筑习俗档案、苗族居住建筑形式档案和苗族吊脚楼建筑档案三方面进行了研究。     

苗族芦笙音乐文化初探

芦笙是我国少数民族人民非常喜欢的一种乐器。作为传统簧管乐器,芦笙更是少数民族节日里必备的乐器之一。本文通过对芦笙的分类和演奏技法的介绍,深入理解芦笙的技术要领和艺术表现手法,希望这一古老的民族乐器能得到更广泛的流传,更高更远地走向世界。     

贵州苗族酸文化的应用与发展

贵州是我国主要的苗族聚居区,区域内苗族饮食文化源远流长,酸是贵州苗族饮食文化的特色。贵州苗族饮食中的酸主要源自酸汤和酸菜等酸味食物,这些食物采用酿造、腌制方法制成,适应了地区地理生态环境,且营养健康。酸是贵州苗族沿袭传统、因地制宜、物尽其用的智慧结晶,承载着民族文化和地域文化,显示了贵州苗族的历史变迁。新时代,贵州苗族饮食文化中的酸作为独特的文化资源,对地区传承和弘扬民族优秀传统文化,发展文化旅游产业具有重要意义。     

最美的蝴蝶妈妈

<正>以黔东南苗族文化为主题,构筑的休闲购物品质生活场所其店铺氛围及产品,都极具苗族特色蝴蝶妈妈是苗族的祖先。传递蝴蝶妈妈的故事,是许多苗族人的心愿。"我想做的就是苗族文化。以苗族人纯粹的手工艺品和创新的方式让外界了解最淳朴的苗族。"为此,吴佳莹在家乡凯里精心打造了这样一家民族主题店。走进蝴蝶妈妈民族生活馆,不管是装修风格还是产品设计都颇具苗族特色。经典建筑风雨桥,三棵枫树吊着水泡,蛋形的服务台与展柜,而三面手绘墙则运用蜡画的手法描绘着苗族古歌的故事。加上休闲区与生活区的功能划分,使整个店内的