循证之证与康复之途*—— CCRC社区中的康复花园循证设计探索

疫情下医养机构封闭化管理已经步入 常态化，老年居民的心理健康受到了抑郁、焦虑 等问题的挑战。康复花园作为养老社区中重要 的心理生理康复空间，需以循证设计为原则， 为新形势下的养老社区提供切实可行的康复空 间。本文以西南地区某持续照护型（CCRC）养 老社区项目实践为载体，梳理阐述循证设计在 康复花园中完整的运用实践路径，总结我国循 证设计流程模型，为风景园林的循证实践提供 全链条式的解析和验证。本文尝试提出基于系 统医学评估指标的证据收集创新体系，为康复 花园循证设计提供运用实例，对康复花园的康 复绩效提出基于证据的定量评估模式。     

基于整体性视角的社区更新：框架、模式与案例 — —以佛山桂华邨社区为例

现行的政府单一主导、政府与开发 商合作的社区更新模式与业主的自主更新需 求产生了矛盾。针对现有研究对社区更新的 系统性缺乏关注的问题，本文从整体视角出 发，通过构建“参与主体—程序设计—法规 政策—资金调配”四维框架，分析现行社区 更新模式与业主自主更新需求产生冲突的内 在机制。在优化现有模式的基础上，提出三 种适应业主自主更新需求的理论模式。桂华 邨业主自主更新失败的实践案例证明了本文 所提出的四维框架的重要性。最后，从政府 视角对我国社区更新机制提出优化建议。     

Ecological Planting Imperative: Functional Systems,Not Stylized Ecologies

The ability of landscape architectural projects to mitigate the worst effects of climate change will depend upon designed ecological systems. These systems will be built with plants. Despite the recognition of ecology as an essential driver of landscapes, the professionals of landscape architecture too often lack the knowledge and practical skills to create robust vegetative systems. New approaches and tools are required. This article outlines principles and methods for designing biodiverse plant systems for urban sites. Planting methods that increase species richness, functional diversity, and spatial complexity are emphasized as a way of developing more resilient plantings. Selecting species with similar evolutionary adaptions to stress, disturbance, and competition—as well as creating multi-layered compositions of diverse plant morphologies—allows designers to create compatible, long-lived plant mixes. To balance the increased visual complexity of diverse plant mixes, the article explores design techniques to make plantings more appealing to the public. The strategies explored here are based on the projects, experience, and research of Phyto Studio, a Washington, D.C. based studio. The methods build on work described in the author’s book, Planting in a Post-Wild World, an exploration of how to create designed plant communities.     

Multi carrier energy systems and energy hubs: Comprehensive review,survey and recommendations

In this paper, the multi carrier energy (MCE) systems are reviewed from different point of views including mathematical models, integrated components and technologies, uncertainty management, planning objectives, environmental pollution, resilience, and robustness. The basic of MCE systems is formed by combination of cooling, heating and power (CCHP). The natural gas and electricity are the main inputs to MCE systems and the cooling, heating, and electricity are the common outputs. The regular energy converters in the MCE systems are combined heat and power (CHP), gas boiler, absorption-electrical chillers, power to gas (P2G) and fuel-cell. The generic energy storages are electrical, heating, cooling, hydrogen, carbon dioxide (CO₂) and hydro systems.     

Porous nitrogen doped carbon foam with excellent resilience for self-supported oxygen reduction catalyst

Fabrication of graphitized carbon materials (e.g. carbon nanotubes and graphene) normally entails the assistance of transition metal catalyst. In this paper, a nitrogen doped carbon foam (NCF) with both graphitized and porous carbon structure was fabricated by direct pyrolysis of melamine foam (MF) without using any transition metal catalyst. The graphitized carbon structure was possibly attributed to the triazine moieties in the MF precursor. The introduction of oxygen groups in the oxidation step resulted in the formation of large amount of micro- and mesopores and therefore high specific surface area. The NCF exhibited a three-dimensional cellular network consisting of carbon microfiber with abundant micro- and mesopores and giving rise to a specific surface area over 980 m² g⁻¹. Due to such graphitized porous structure, the NCF was demonstrated to have superior resilience, excellent electrocatalytic activity and good durability for oxygen reduction.     

顺水而为: 武汉长江主轴滨水公园

The evolution of the Yangtze Riverfront Park in Wuhan, China highlights what many waterfront cities around the world are facing with respect to converging forces of urbanism, growth, resiliency, and ecological degradation. This site emphasizes why the public realm is a critical component in addressing all of these often-conflicting issues. By re-envisioning the 16-kilometer-longriverfront landscape, Wuhan is creating a new paradigm for its parks by embracing flooding as a regular occurrence and a driving force in the shaping of its public realm. This strategy of working with Nature and not against it allows visitors to understand and appreciate the river’s complex dynamics. The proposed development of the Yangtze Riverfront Park aims to harness the power of natural processes to nurture a rich regional ecology, improve ecosystem services, and enhance public health and recreational amenities. Informed by an extensive public engagement process and crowdsourced data, the redesign of the park reinforces Wuhan’s cultural identity by preserving decommissioned industrial infrastructure and other artifacts along the river that symbolize the city’s industrial legacy and urban history. The vision for an updated Yangtze Riverfront Park strives to create a socially inclusive, culturally relevant, and ecologically meaningful waterfront that emphasizes Wuhan’s identity of living authentically with an everchanging river.     

美国的关键矿产总统令及中国的应对策略研究

美国关键矿产系列总统令是WTO系列对华资源诉讼的继续，是中美贸易战在资源领域的延伸。其恶化了中国的资源安全形势，对中国的国际资源贸易、海外资源开发合作、矿业技术获取和矿业融资均有不利影响。论文概述了关键矿产的内涵、特点和中国的资源形势，对美国系列关键矿产令的颁布背景、政策目标、内容特点及对中国的影响进行了剖析，并提出了中国的应对建议。具体策略包括：一是，整合各项行政资源，完成我国资源安全保障的顶层设计，理顺政策的框架体系，聚合各项行政、资金、人力资源，开源节流保障供给；二是，结合多边贸易纪律和他国实践，完善矿产资源的管理机制，理顺对美国关键矿产总统令的攻防策略体系；三是，以“一带一路倡议”为纽带，建构并维系“人类资源命运共同体”。     

休闲社区--现代居住环境景观设计手法探讨

首先提出了休闲社区的概念，提倡一种更加质朴，自然，更加清新和追求不留设计痕迹的居住环境设计风格。继而从小区地形塑造，步道系统，社区广场，植栽配置，基础绿化，水景，消防车道等各个方面，针对目前国内社区在规划设计中存在的一些弊病，对现代居住环境景观设计手法进行探讨，提出了许多具有建设性，操作性强的方法。文中还着重提到，应在建筑，道路都还没有确定的情况下，由景观规划师来做整体规划，对小区建筑，道路进行整体布局，从而创造真正的社区，营造亲切的人性空间。     

社区建筑

编者按:本期本栏发表的8篇中外专家论文,选自建筑与地域文化国际研讨会暨中国建筑学会2001年学术年会论文。全文详见年会论文集。今后本刊还将陆续选载部分年会论文。     

威尼斯城市景观在多水环境下的适应性发展

人与水共存的"水之都"威尼斯是世界城市发展史中的特例。自公元5世纪建城至今,威尼斯呈现的城市景观在一定程度上可以看作对建城前既有岛屿与海洋之间自然形态关系的一种传承、适应与发展。透过景观与多水环境形成的稳定关系与相互塑造结果,从城市景观空间环境和环境中人的活动两方面,探究在多水环境的有利与不利影响以及政策、文化、经济和环境因素4个方面的促进作用下,威尼斯城市景观对多水环境的适应性变化与应对策略,从而引发对"城市韧性"特质的进一步理解与认识。