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1.
设计是价值观的一种表达,它将生活中的希望和灵感融合到我们建造的工作、娱乐、学习和场所中去,设计也是我们应对疾病,理解环境如何改善不健康的生理、社会和心理影响的一种表达形式。以为艾滋病患者所建的纽约乔尔·施奈伯纪念园和为老年痴呆症患者所建的北卡罗莱纳州金斯山丰盛生命中心花园为例,阐释辅助渐进性疾病患者康复的花园设计方法,为园艺疗法的花园设计提供借鉴。  相似文献   
2.
This article considers whether thinking about journalism's present set of challenges is best served by the notion of “crisis.” It argues that adopting such a notion to explain a diverse set of technological, political, economic, social, occupational, moral, and legal circumstances misses an opportunity to recognize how contingent and differentiated the futures of journalism might be. It also raises critical questions about how institutions deal with uncertainty at their core, obscuring a fuller understanding of the permutations that get eclipsed by perceiving crisis as a unitary phenomenon.  相似文献   
3.
Social media has introduced a key ingredient, and a potentially unfamiliar variable, into the practice of crisis communication. In this paper, the authors critically assess the social media milestones related to Hurricane Sandy according to situational crisis communication theory (SCCT) (Coombs, 2007). Further, we discuss the crisis lifecycle of Hurricane Sandy with regard to the potential implementation of the STREMII model of social media crisis management, a proposed model originated through this research application. This original model develops from lessons and best practices discovered in historical and contemporary cases of social media crises and crisis management. The researchers acknowledge potential limitations and describe steps for further development of the model through research, all the while recognizing the powerful and paradoxical role of social media in the crisis management process. In reflection of Hurricane Sandy, further qualitative and quantitative examinations of crisis events are encouraged to evaluate the STREMII model continually in the dynamic social media climate and across the vast facets of crisis communication.  相似文献   
4.
Sentiment analysis techniques are increasingly used to grasp reactions from social media users to unexpected and potentially stressful social events. This paper argues that, alongside assessments of the affective valence of social media content as negative or positive, there is a need for a deeper understanding of the context in which reactions are expressed and the specific functions that users' emotional states may reflect. To demonstrate this, we present a qualitative analysis of affective expressions on Twitter collected in Germany during the 2011 EHEC food contamination incident based on a coding scheme developed from Skinner et al.'s (2003) coping classification framework. Affective expressions of coping were found to be diverse not only in terms of valence but also in the adaptive functions they served: beyond the positive or negative tone, some people perceived the outbreak as a threat while others as a challenge to cope with. We discuss how this qualitative sentiment analysis can allow a better understanding of the way the overall situation is perceived – threat or challenge – and the resources that individuals experience having to cope with emerging demands.  相似文献   
5.
Online networks using Web 2.0 technologies have proven useful for communication among all parties involved in managing crises. These networks rapidly disseminate information allowing for coordination among organizations responding to the needs of those whose safety and wellbeing are threatened by the crisis and its aftermath. This study provides a network analysis of official Twitter accounts activated during the Charleston, West Virginia, water contamination crisis in 2014. The city’s water supply was rendered unfit for drinking or bathing after 7500 gallons of a toxic chemical leaked into the Elk River. The network created by the 41 Twitter accounts associated with the West Virginia water contamination lacked density, contained several isolates, exchanged information quickly (geodesic distance diameter), and contained both national and local accounts. The lack of density indicates limited exchange of information, particularly between national and federal accounts. The rapid dissemination of the information that was shared and the fact that some accounts did bridge the local and national gap, however, show the positive potential for such networks in responding to crises.  相似文献   
6.
世界经济危机虽然大势已去,但其阴影仍然笼罩着世界各国,世界各国包括中国的经济正在经历着调整和恢复,许多不确定性因素依然干扰着中国经济和中国对外贸易的发展。本文采取定性为主、定量为辅的方法,旨在对经济危机背景下中国纺织品服装出口的现状、存在的问题进行分析,并且针对这些问题提出诸如政府扶持、技术升级、创立品牌和成熟应对欧美贸易救济措施的解决对策,以此展望中国纺织品服装出口的前景。  相似文献   
7.
Many efforts in the area of computer security have been drawn to attribute-based access control (ABAC). Compared to other adopted models, ABAC provides more granularity, scalability, and flexibility. This makes it a valuable access control system candidate for securing platforms and environments used for coordination and cooperation among organizations and communities, especially over open networks such as the Internet. On the other hand, the basic ABAC model lacks provisions for context, trust and privacy issues, all of which are becoming increasingly critical, particularly in high performance distributed collaboration environments. This paper presents an extended access control model based on attributes associated with objects and subjects. It incorporates trust and privacy issues in order to make access control decisions sensitive to the cross-organizational collaboration context. Several aspects of the proposed model are implemented and illustrated by a case study that shows realistic ABAC policies in the domain of distributed multiple organizations crisis management systems. Furthermore, the paper shows a collaborative graphical tool that enables the actors in the emergency management system to make better decisions. The prototype shows how it guarantees the privacy of object’s attributes, taking into account the trust of the subjects. This tool incorporates a decision engine that relies on attribute based policies and dynamic trust and privacy evaluation. The resulting platform demonstrates the integration of the ABAC model, the evolving context, and the attributes of actors and resources.  相似文献   
8.
In this paper we build a multi-theoretical and multi-level framework for analyzing Global Crisis Networks (GCN). These information-centric, heterarchically structured networks are instantiated in response to major disasters with global impact. The instantiation of GCN is conceived as a problem of collective action. Its success depends on multi-level preparedness, and network orchestration and participation. With this framework we analyze the SARS outbreak in 2002 and its successful containment in 2003. We analyze two individual country cases, Canada and China and discuss the role of the network orchestrator, the World Health Organizations. The paper concludes with implications for research and practice.  相似文献   
9.
全国部分危机矿山调查研究表明:危机矿山解困首先仰赖于原矿山深部和边部找到足够可以缓解困境的接替资源;其次要加大矿石中共伴生资源的综合利用;第三要充分利用矿山多年堆积的尾矿资源和新产生的尾矿资源。  相似文献   
10.
综合有关方面的预测,世界石油产量峰值来临的时间要早于专家们的预测。石油峰值必将对石油工业,甚至对世界经济、政治和军事都带来一系列的冲击。在缓解石油峰值带来的不利影响上,一些国家和地区制定了应对措施,以缓解廉价石油的终结和产量峰值的到来所产生的危机。本文以瑞典、美国、澳大利亚和英国等四个国家的五个研究机构所编制的五份报告或方案为依据,进行总结和归纳,对这些措施进行了比较分析。  相似文献   
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