Difference Detection Between Two Images for Image Monitoring

In manufacturing industries, images are commonly used for quality control purposes. In such applications, if the quality of the products is good, then their images should be all similar to the image of a good-quality product. Therefore, comparison of images is a fundamental task in image-based quality control. This problem, however, is complicated in the sense that (1) observed images often contain noise, and (2) the related images need to be geometrically matched up first because images of different products could be geometrically mismatched because the relative positions between a camera and different products are often not exactly the same. The first issue requires a statistical method that can remove noise, and the second issue is related to the so-called image registration problem in the image processing literature. In this article, we propose effective methods for detecting difference between two images of products, and our proposed methods can accommodate both noise and geometric mismatch mentioned above. Theoretical results and numerical examples show that they can work effectively in applications.     

大卫·奇普菲尔德的多样性建筑设计

英国建筑师大卫·奇普菲尔德的设计作品体现出对设计对象深刻理解基础上的多样性。本文通过对他的代表性作品的描述,讨论了他在设计中对材料和细部的重视,对地方性和乡土性的把握,以及面对特殊历史文脉时的“连续性”设计策略;并分析了他在设计中所表现出来的“极少主义”以及人性化的特征。     

内在的地方──对镇海海防历史纪念馆设计创作的思考

从我们在招宝山顶画出第一张草图到现在，已有近三年的时间了。这期间，空间和实体的形象在我们的脑中由模糊而清晰，由笼统而具体，最后贯彻在施工的细部中。现在它已接近完成了。这是一座地方自己筹资建设的纪念馆。这是一个从地方的形象记忆和潜在精神中产生的建筑。它是对地方的纪念。镇海，位于浙江省东端丽江出海口，蚊门虎距，重关天设，自古为两浙咽喉，兵家必争之地。自明代以来，我国东南沿海屡次遭受外族侵犯，镇海口遂成为抗击外来侵略的海防重镇。直至近代的抗日战争，在这里进行的大小战役达46次之多。我国历史上著名的民族英…     

建筑透视图以外的设计管理

境外建筑师事务所如何适应当前国内的建筑潮流并在其中有所作为？除了在方案竞赛中能展现具有“视觉震撼性”的透视效果图外，还要具备一套行之有效的设计管理系统。主要包括三方面内容：1.团队精神，2.各专业之间的协调，3.阶段性设计质量的保证。文章将就这三个内容展开讨论。     

摩天楼与城市轮廓线

文章从摩天楼与城市之间的关系着手，探讨了几个与城市相关的概念。     

试论校园规划的整体性与延续性——以常州市戚墅堰区实验中学规划设计为例

在中学校园规划中引入了整体性与延续性的设计理念，并指出整体性是校园建筑在空间上的一体化而延续性则是校园建筑在时间上的传承性。该文以常州市戚墅堰区实验中学的规划设计为例，进一步探讨了整体性与延续性理念在实践中的应用.     

An approach to calibrate incentives for continuity of supply in the Spanish electricity distribution system

This paper proposes an approach to calibrate incentives for continuity of supply in electricity distribution in Spain. This approach consists on the estimation of the impact of continuity of supply improvements on distribution network costs. For this purpose, distribution costs resulting from different continuity of supply requirements are computed by a reference network model (RNM). The results obtained from the RNM are used to estimate a cost-function that considers continuity of supply a cost driver for distribution costs. This methodology is applied to three Spanish areas of service (an urban one, a semi-urban one and a rural one) in such a way that differences in distribution costs caused by the characteristics of the area type can be taken into account. The analysis indicated that distribution costs are more sensitive to continuity of supply improvements in rural areas of service. It also demonstrated that the incentive for reducing number of service interruptions should be higher than the incentive for reducing duration of service interruptions. Finally, the current Spanish incentive scheme for continuity of supply was analyzed under the perspective of the proposed approach.     

Numerical Simulation and Validation of Ozone Concentration Profile in Green Gram (Vigna radiate) Bulks

The new fumigant ozone offers an alternative to contact insecticides such as phosphine and methyl bromide as a grain fumigant. This study was carried out to test the flow characteristics of ozone from points of release to the available concentration of ozone to kill pests at other areas along the storage bin. A mass transfer model which predicts ozone concentration as a function of time was applied along with continuity equation to simulate the ozone transfer in a storage bin. Ozone exchange rate based on grain bed thickness was taken into account and evaluated using the correlation developed during the experiment. The relative error between the experimental and predicted ozone concentration values for the entire bin geometry was less than 25.7%. Overall, the general trends of measured ozone concentration were compatible with the simulated ones.     

Cyclical parthenogenesis algorithm for layout optimization of truss structures with frequency constraints

Structural optimization with frequency constraints is seen as a challenging problem because it is associated with highly nonlinear, discontinuous and non-convex search spaces consisting of several local optima. Therefore, competent optimization algorithms are essential for addressing these problems. In this article, a newly developed metaheuristic method called the cyclical parthenogenesis algorithm (CPA) is used for layout optimization of truss structures subjected to frequency constraints. CPA is a nature-inspired, population-based metaheuristic algorithm, which imitates the reproductive and social behaviour of some animal species such as aphids, which alternate between sexual and asexual reproduction. The efficiency of the CPA is validated using four numerical examples.     

城市建设发展与建筑改造

通过时旧建筑改造的必然性及国内外旧建筑改造成功案例分析,说明旧建筑改造要充分发挥建筑设计师的聪明才智和无限的创造力,把旧建筑具有历史意义的建筑符号与现代设计要素、现代人文环境相融合,从而保持区域文脉、城市文脉的延续.