室内照明统一眩光值(UGR)校准装置的研制

统一眩光值UGR是表征室内照明眩光程度高低和视觉舒适度的重要参数,在室内照明检测和照明设计中有着广泛应用。目前国内对于眩光测试仪的溯源方法一般只采用光亮度标准装置校准亮度值,而对于照明光源的亮度分布和几何位置信息都没有进行相关校准,造成眩光测量结果的失准和不统一。针对此问题,本文研制了一套统一眩光值UGR校准装置,介绍了装置原理和结构,并对其不确定度进行分析。该装置的研制对于保障眩光测量结果的准确统一,有效提升照明设计质量,保护视觉健康有着重要作用。     

钢中非金属夹杂物标准评级图法解析及修订建议

从标准图谱、术语、夹杂物类型和系列的划分、级别评定和检验方法深入剖析了GB/T 10561-2005《钢中非金属夹杂物标准评级图显微检验法》存在的问题，提出对标准评级图片修订和评定方法完善的具体建议，以规范评定方法，消除歧义，推进标准修订工作。     

Performance analysis of empirical models for predicting rock mass deformation modulus using regression and Bayesian methods

Deformation modulus of rock mass is one of the input parameters to most rock engineering designs and constructions. The field tests for determination of deformation modulus are cumbersome, expensive and time-consuming. This has prompted the development of various regression equations to estimate deformation modulus from results of rock mass classifications, with rock mass rating (RMR) being one of the frequently used classifications. The regression equations are of different types ranging from linear to nonlinear functions like power and exponential. Bayesian method has recently been developed to incorporate regression equations into a Bayesian framework to provide better estimates of geotechnical properties. The question of whether Bayesian method improves the estimation of geotechnical properties in all circumstances remains open. Therefore, a comparative study was conducted to assess the performances of regression and Bayesian methods when they are used to characterize deformation modulus from the same set of RMR data obtained from two project sites. The study also investigated the performance of different types of regression equations in estimation of the deformation modulus. Statistics, probability distributions and prediction indicators were used to assess the performances of regression and Bayesian methods and different types of regression equations. It was found that power and exponential types of regression equations provide a better estimate than linear regression equations. In addition, it was discovered that the ability of the Bayesian method to provide better estimates of deformation modulus than regression method depends on the quality and quantity of input data as well as the type of the regression equation.     

Optimal load rating-based inspection planning of corroded steel girders using Markov decision process

Steel girder bridges are vulnerable to corrosion. To maintain their safety above a predefined target level, the load rating can be computed from the inspection results and guide the following maintenance actions. Optimizing inspection and maintenance based on load ratings has substantial practical and economic relevance. Load rating-based strategies can be categorized based on whether the inspection interval and replacement criteria are fixed or flexible. Existing studies focus on fixed inspection intervals throughout the service life. In general, their results are not optimal for inspection planning. To reduce life-cycle cost, aged steel girders may be inspected and repaired in an adaptive manner. To this end, a method based on Markov decision process (MDP) is proposed to compare the life-cycle cost of four load rating-based policies (i.e. uniform or adaptive non-uniform inspection interval, and fixed or adaptive replacement threshold). Load rating-based inspection planning is formulated as MDP and the optimal plans are obtained using dynamic programming. The conventional approach to discretize states cannot accurately approximate the non-stationary deterioration process, while state augmentation is successful in doing this but will increase computational cost. A comparison of two approaches is made to investigate their effects on life-cycle cost. A bridge girder under corrosion attack is used as an illustrative example. The results show that the load rating-based plan with an adaptive non-uniform inspection interval and fixed replacement threshold obtained using the state augmentation technique can be near-optimal.     

新版《建筑灭火器配置设计规范》的灭火器配置基准

依据国内、外相关的国家消防工程设计规范和国家消防产品质量标准，结合我国40年消防科研工作的技术积累和实践经验，以灭火器配置基准的定额和灭火器灭火级别的换算为主题，从不同的角度与侧面翔实地论证了现行有效版国家标准《建筑灭火器配置设计规范》（GB50140-2005）的灭火器配置基准的设定依据及其与现行有效版国际标准接轨的技术基础。     

Air distribution in room ventilated by fabric air dispersion system

Several researches about airflow distribution in a room generated by fabric air dispersion system (FADS) were reported, but details about the simulation in computer fluid dynamics (CFD) method were not elaborated. In present work The commercial software FLUENT with standard k−ε$k-\epsilon$ turbulence model is applied to predict air distribution in a room ventilated by FADS in penetration mode, where FADS is described with the porous media model based on the modified Forchheimer equation. And more details about the simulation are given. Flow visualization near the region of FADS is conducted using dry-ice as a smoking material. The distribution of indoor air velocity and temperature and draught rating (DR) around the ankle and neck level are predicted. The simulation well matches the corresponding experimental value and results of earlier work. Results showed that air is radially discharged out in the direction perpendicular to the spatial cambered porous fibre in lower velocity, and evenly distributed along its length direction when air is distributed by FADS in penetration mode. The velocity of indoor air is very low, and the vertical air temperature difference is small (less than 2 K). DR around the ankle and neck is immune to supply air flow rate and location, which is less than the comfort limit of ASHRAE Standard 55-2004. In addition, airflow pattern is greatly impacted by the location and strength of heat load.     

钢结构耐火极限试验研究

文章介绍了钢结构耐火极限试验条件，对裸露钢结构耐火试验、耐火极限与Hp/A的关系进行了分析，对现有钢结构的几种防火保护措施和对应的试验结果比较，探索其它防火保护措施，指出现有防火保护技术存在的问题和需要进一步研究的内容。     

6kV电机四星带间隙组合式过电压保护器的选型与试验

从真空开关操作过电压导致高压电动机绝缘损坏的机理着手,分析了过电压保护器应具备的条件,确定了较常用的带串联间隙四星形过电压保护器的选型、安装、定期试验方法及注意事项。认为,避雷器额定电压的选择应不小于9.94kV;避雷器持续运行电压的选择应大于最高运行线电压即7.2kV,并小于工频放电电压值;避雷器残压值的选择应低于15.9kV;工频放电电压的选择值根据负载不同,应在9.3kV～12.48kV。     

澳大利亚和新西兰的窗能效评级制度

本文介绍了澳大利亚和新西兰的窗能效评级制度、能效标识等.     

Universal design charts for insulation of steel members in fire

Charts for insulation design of steel members in fire are usually provided by the manufacturers of the specified fire protection materials. These design charts may not be readily available, particularly for fire protection materials which may not have proprietary rights. This paper describes the development of a set of universal charts for the insulation design of steel members in fire for a wide range of fire protection materials of known physical and thermal properties. The main advantage of using these charts for insulation design is that they apply to all types of fire protection material without referring to the manufacturers’ design charts. In addition, high density fire protection materials, such as concrete, for steel members have also been included in these universal design charts.