The kinetics of copper corrosion in nitric acid

The strategy for the permanent disposal of high-level nuclear waste in Canada involves sealing it in a copper-coated steel container and burying it in a deep geologic repository. During the early emplacement period, the container could be exposed to warm humid air, which could result in the condensation of nitric acid, produced by the radiolysis of the humid air, on the copper surface. Previous studies have suggested that both nitrate and oxygen reduction will drive copper corrosion, with the nitrate reduction kinetics being dependent on the concentration of soluble copper(I) produced by the anodic dissolution of copper in the reaction with oxygen. This study focused on determining the kinetics of nitrate and oxygen reduction and elucidating the synergistic relationship between the two processes. This was investigated using corrosion potential and polarization measurements in conjunction with scanning electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Oxygen reduction was shown to be the dominant cathodic reaction with the oxidation of copper(I) to copper(II) by nitrate, promoting the catalytic cycle involving the reaction of copper(II) with copper to reproduce copper(I).     

某铜冶炼厂废水泄漏地下水环境影响分析及应急处置效果预测

针对某铜冶炼厂废水泄漏对地下水的污染问题,运用基于GMS的数值模拟方法,分析了地下水环境影响,提出了相应的应急处置措施,并对应急处置的效果进行了预测。结果表明:在废水泄漏30天后停止泄漏的情况下,由于泄漏量较大且含水层渗透性较强,污染晕扩散距离及范围不断变大,可能影响到下游的居民生活水井;在采取应急抽水措施后,受污染地下水被抽水井控制在厂界附近,在140天之内被全部抽出,并送厂区污水处理站处理后回用,不会对下游地下水保护目标产生不利影响。     

高庙子膨润土矿勘探与钠基膨润土开采

高庙子膨润土矿是我国高放废物地质处置库缓冲回填材料首选供应基地,国内对高庙子钠基膨润土进行了大量试验研究和理论分析。随着研究工作的深入,需开采天然钠基土样品以满足试验需求。通过施工3个勘探孔,发现主矿区8~24勘探线的膨润土矿石质量好,层位稳定,与已掌握的资料相符。对比两个拟开采位置的矿石质量、矿层厚度、开采条件等,确定使用露天剥离的方式开采膨润土样品,并对开采出的矿石进行初步加工提纯,完成了开采未来5~10年缓冲回填材料试验研究所需样品的任务。     

废弃电子化学品处理处置标准现状及发展方向

重点介绍了废弃电子化学品定义、产生来源、处理处置现状、处理处置标准化现状及标准发展方向。从废弃电子化学品行业实际情况出发,具体分析了行业现状、处理处置水平及标准化工作的开展情况等。通过标准的制定实施,以及其创新驱动作用的发挥,规范了行业处理处置行为,推动行业科技进步,对全面提升废弃电子化学品处理处置技术水平,实现循环经济、绿色产业和资源化利用有着十分重要的作用。     

U.S. regulatory perspectives on the back end of the fuel cycle: EUROSAFE 2013 proceeding

For the United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission and the reactor licensees it regulates, there are a number of contemporary issues associated with the back end of the fuel cycle including, the agency's revision to its “Waste Confidence” decision and the path-forward for high-level waste disposal. Additionally, the 2012 Blue Ribbon Commission on America's Nuclear Future recommendations, the future of reprocessing, consolidated interim spent fuel storage, and maintaining technical competence within the NRC in challenging budgetary conditions are addressed. I conclude that there is confidence in the feasibility of safe storage of spent nuclear fuel following the licensed operational life of a reactor and any change in high-level waste policy will require Congressional action to amend the Nuclear Waste Policy Act.     

PLC控制在气力除灰系统的应用

本文根据攀钢发电厂除灰系统的控制性能要求,采用“上位机+PLC”组成的控制系统实现对除灰系统的控制.该控制系统具有抗干扰能力强、可靠性高、操作简便、扩展方便等优点.     

Three-dimensional thermal analysis of the repository for high-level radioactive nuclear waste

One of the key issues of the dimensioning design and safety assessment of the repository for deposing the high-level radioactive nuclear waste is the temperature distribution. A three-dimensional layered model was established for analyzing the heat conduction near single waste canister. Applying the Laplace transform and finite Fourier Sine transform upon the governing equations of heat conduction, the solutions in the Laplace domain were obtained. The solutions in the Laplace domain were numerically inverted into semi-analytical solutions in the time domain by the Crump method, and the temperature distribution was obtained near the canister at the center of one disposal panel. The initially estimated value of the canister spacing was determined according to the temperature distribution and design criterion. Finally, the obtained temperature distribution was used to investigate the influence of relevant parameters on the canister surface temperature. The results show that the present model is reliable by comparing with the existing analytical model. The peak canister surface temperature is significantly affected by the tunnel spacing, canister spacing, thickness of buffer layer, and thermal conductivities of buffer material and surrounding rock.     

2012—2019年A煤矿事故规律分析及对策

在统计2012—2019年期间A煤矿事故数据的基础上,结合事故人员年龄、事故类型、伤情类别等研究了该煤矿事故的发生规律,并针对煤矿易发生的事故,本着预防为主、降低事故损失的原则,从安全管理、重点防控对象、应急处置能力提升方面提出了对策。     

某烧绿石尾矿选铌试验研究

国外某地含有丰富的烧绿石资源，属碱性碳酸盐矿体，原矿Nb2O5含量大于1%，在经历长流程胺法烧绿石浮选之后，尾矿含Nb2O5较高，铌资源未能得到综合回收，该烧绿石尾矿仍具有较高的回收价值。由于该尾矿长期在尾矿库堆存，药剂污染严重、含泥量较大，本工艺预先采用“磨矿擦洗-脱泥”的工艺改善其浮选性质，然后通过“磁选-脱钙”的工艺进行杂质矿物抛废，最终采用螯合类组合捕收剂实现烧绿石的选择性高效捕收。在原料Nb2O5品位0.71%的条件下，获得了Nb2O5品位55.07%、回收率38.23%的烧绿石精矿，尾矿中烧绿石资源得到回收。