Precipitating spinel into precursor glass and its assistance in crystallization

The crystallization phenomena of spinel in CaO-MgO-Al₂O₃-SiO₂-Fe₂O₃ glass have received much attention due to the particular role in preparation of glass-ceramic materials, which represent an effective option to manage hazardous waste. In this study, both preliminary spinel and secondary spinel were precipitated in the precursor glass. The formation of these spinel was meticulously assessed by a combination of X-ray diffractometry and scanning electron microscopy. The structure of the microenvironment in the precursor glass was characterized by Raman spectrums. These advanced techniques highlight the potential for one-step crystallization of the glass. The investigation, which focused on one-step crystallization, demonstrated the growth of pyroxene on spinel accompanying a migration of chromium. The results also show the microstructure of the obtained glass-ceramic was very dependent on the heat-treat temperature. This study not only unambiguously reveals the precipitation mechanisms of spinel but also provides more documentation for one-step crystallization in the glass-ceramics field.     

Influence of LiBO2 addition on the microstructure and lithium-ion conductivity of Li1+xAlxTi2−x(PO4)3(x = 0.3) ceramic electrolyte

Concerning the safety problems of conventional Li-ion batteries with liquid electrolytes, it is crucial to develop reliable solid-state electrolytes with high ionic conductivity. Li_1+xAl_xTi_2?x(PO₄)₃ (LATP, x = 0.3) is regarded as one of the most promising solid electrolytes due to its high ionic conductivity and excellent chemical stability to humidity.Herein, a new strategy is proposed for improving the sintering behavior and enhancing the ionic conductivity of LATP by using LiBO₂ as the sintering aid via liquid phase sintering. The as-prepared sample LATP with homogeneous microstructure and high relative density of 97.1% was successfully synthesized, yielding high total ionic conductivity of 3.5 × 10^?4 S cm^?1 and low activation energy of 0.39 eV at room temperature. It was found that the addition of LiBO₂ could effectively enhance the densification and increase the ionic conductivity of LATP electrolyte, proving an effective way to synthesis LATP ceramics by a simple and reliable route.     

提炼文化内涵弘扬石鼓遗韵

衡阳市石鼓书院与睢阳、白鹿洞、岳麓书院并称宋代“天下四大书院”,许多名家来此讲学而声名鹊起.石鼓书院广场规划挖掘其深厚的历史积淀,以书院为“脉”,以书院文化底蕴为设计内涵,追求“天人合一”的思想境界。     

Elimination mechanism of micropores on bonding interface during solid-state crystal growth method

A pure yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG) ceramic/YAG single crystal composite material is prepared using the optimized solid-state crystal growth (SSCG) method. The micropores on the bonding interface of the composite sample are eliminated for the first time during the SSCG process and the transmittance is very close to the theoretical value, which reached 83.14% at 1064 nm. Meanwhile, the mechanism of elimination and migration of the pores under high temperature is studied. Additionally, the single crystal growth rate has significantly improved and the time of composite sample preparation has also significantly reduced proving that the SSCG method is an effective method for producing high quality composite material.     

Enhanced piezoelectric properties and temperature stability of Bi4Ti3O12-based Aurivillius ceramics via W/Nb substitution

Bi₄Ti₃O₁₂ (BIT), a typical Aurivillius ceramics with high Curie temperature (T_c ? 675 °C), has great potential for high temperature applications. This work provides an effective method of inducing structure distortion, relieving the tetragonal strain of the TiO₆ octahedron and decreasing the concentration of oxygen vacancies to improve the piezoelectricity and temperature stability of BIT ceramics. Bi₄Ti_2.98W_0.01Nb_0.01O₁₂ possesses an optimum piezoelectric coefficient (d₃₃) of 32 pC/N, a high T_c of 655 °C and a large resistivity of 3 × 10⁶ Ω·cm at 500 °C. The maximum d₃₃ reported here is approximately quadruple than that of pure BIT (?7 pC/N). Moreover, the d₃₃ of W/Nb co-doped BIT and the in-situ temperature stability of the compression-mode sensor present a highly stable characteristic in the range of 25–600 °C. These results imply that W/Nb-modified BIT ceramics is a promising candidate for application at high temperatures of up to 600 °C.     

客家传统服饰刺绣图案

 从客家服饰刺绣图案的分类、刺绣技法、图案构成、色彩运用角度入手，总结出客家传统服饰刺绣图案按其表现题材可分为动植物、几何图纹、人物、文字、生活器物等五大类；刺绣技法分为七大系列二十七种针法；图案构成以边缘式、主题式与对称式为主；服饰图案色彩对比强烈、具有尚“俗”审美情趣且倾向装饰功利性。得出客家传统服饰图案在构图、表现题材、技法、用色等方面呈现地域性特征，并且具有深沉的中原汉民族审美情感倾向。     

桂东南客家民居的类型与特点

桂东南是广西最主要的客家聚居区，相应的客家民居类型可分为基本类型、发展类型、变异类型和相关类型四大类，其中基本类型有堂屋和横屋，发展类型有堂横屋、围龙屋、围楼、围堡和围村，变异类型有传统变异和洋式变异，相关类型有祠堂和碉楼，各种类型之间存在或强或弱的关联，并共同塑造了桂东南客家民居的围合性、对称性、向心性、秩序性和匀质性等特点。     

闽西客家民居基本形制

从大量闽西客家民居实例分析入手,以其文化为依托,研究闽西客家民居以“中庭型”四合两堂为原型,逐渐演化成“九厅十八井”堂屋式建筑的过程,并分析空间构图中心及其在构造上的独特做法,揭示其独特的建筑地域文化特征：客家建筑与客家文化的一脉相承,及与自然环境、风水观念的协调适应性。     

客属围屋 唯我侨乡

在粤东梅州客家地区分布着大量的围屋式民居,明朝成化年间开基的南口镇的侨乡村,在1.5km2的范围内就分布着31座清末民初兴建的百年客家围屋,是围屋聚落最密集的乡村之一。同时这里建筑类型丰富,有民居、祠堂、学塾、庙宇等,民居建筑中又有围龙屋、杠横屋、华侨大屋、别墅洋楼等多种形式。其建筑布局和营造在节约土地、灾害防御、建筑功能和空间营造等方面均体现处独到的科学和艺术性,值得我们深入研究、借鉴和保护利用。     

四川洛带客家传统聚落与建筑研究

通过对四川洛带古镇客家聚落形态、会馆建筑和传统民居进行田野调查、建筑测绘和历史资料采集,获得对于明清时期四川客家人移民文化与历史的系统认识.通过对包括客家人同乡会所——广东会馆、江西会馆等的重要历史建筑典例进行建筑形态学与文化传播学角度的剖析,进而对福建、江西客家聚落、传统建筑形态与四川本土建筑文化形态的结合、变迁过程...