Ontogenetic habitat use and seasonal activity of Nile crocodiles (Crocodylus niloticus) in the Lake Albert delta,East Africa

Crocodiles play important roles in many ecosystems, but their populations worldwide are threatened by human exploitation and habitat destruction. We studied ontogenetic changes in habitat use and seasonal activity patterns in a population of Nile crocodiles (Crocodylus niloticus) inhabiting the Lake Albert Delta Wetland System, a Ramsar Site of international importance in Murchison Falls National Park of western Uganda. A total of 186 crocodile observations were made from monthly surveys of five transects during October 2017 to September 2018. Crocodiles exhibited a marginally bi-modal seasonal pattern, with the fewest observations from July to August and October to November, and the highest observations from January to February and April to May. Crocodiles were most frequently encountered along the north shore of the delta, especially on riverbanks with woody vegetation, followed by Cyperus papyrus-Vossia dominated habitats, while crocodiles were infrequently observed on islands and muddy banks. Habitat niche breadth was narrowest in hatchlings and widest in sub-adults, with juveniles and large adults exhibiting intermediate values. Overlap in habitat resource use across size classes was generally high, with the lowest overlap between hatchlings and juveniles, and the highest between large and sub-adult crocodiles. Our study on Nile crocodiles in the Lake Albert delta provides insights into habitat partitioning among different demographic segments of this population that can be utilized to improve its management in one of Africa’s Great Lakes by spatially and temporally focusing conservation efforts on the most used habitats and seasonal aggregations, respectively.     

Adding new floors to old timber-framed buildings: An assessment of demolished and preserved courtyard houses in the historic centre of Madrid

The constructive analysis of Madrid's old timber-framed collective courtyard buildings, whether demolished, preserved intact, or enlarged, has achieved the dating of relevant case studies. New parameters established in this study set a chronology based on front sector original projects: old (1737–1788), pre-modern (1788–1847) and modern (1847–1892). The on-site inspection and archival research point to ongoing misleading construction in the historic Southern area. Some modern corralas erected on top of pre-existing buildings confirm the initial hypothesis. First dimensioning rules for new façades and the stability required in old ones before adding new storeys, maintaining the original masonry or double-layered system, are discovered. Undated buildings suggest their possible origin a la malicia and a later transformation into transitional corralas. Finally, an analysis of the demolished courtyards narrows down the dating and points to new conjectures in some preserved by showing their uneven layout, old features, and structural discordances in each sector.     

现代审美视角下非遗文创品牌的视觉设计及包装插画研究

文章从现代审美视角出发,结合前人的研究论证,探讨与补充非遗文创在品牌视觉设计及包装插画方面研究的理论不足,为设计者提供更加开阔的设计思路和更为新颖的设计手法,从而提升非遗文创的整体设计效果。     

空调中分布型主动式热回收系统的分析

利用水或乙二醇对空调系统中的余热进行回收,加热空调系统进口新风,使除湿后的新风达到升温的目的。通过余热利用降低加热新风所需要的燃料,减少了二氧化碳的排放。分析讨论了瑞士Konvekta分布型主动式热回收产品的工作原理、使用效果及发展前景。     

从战后重建到预防性保护 —— 比利时建筑遗产保护之路

本文分为两个部分,第一部分简述了比利时在不同时期的建筑遗产保护实践,主要包括:第二次世界大战后的战后重建,威尼斯宣言颁布前后的相关实践,1975年"欧洲建筑遗产年"后对"历史文物古迹"的保护延伸到对次要建筑群及其所处环境以及历史城市、村镇的整体性保护,1988年文化遗产保护管理从比利时联邦下放到弗兰芒、瓦隆、布鲁塞尔三区实行分区管理等方面;第二部分着重介绍了比利时在建筑遗产的预防性保护这块的实践,以"文物古迹监护"机构近30年的实践为例,并试图从历史、社会、经济、管理、教育等角度对预防性保护得以成功实施的原因进行了分析。     

A web-based software tool for participatory optimization of conservation practices in watersheds

WRESTORE (Watershed Restoration Using Spatio-Temporal Optimization of Resources) is a web-based, participatory planning tool that can be used to engage with watershed stakeholder communities, and involve them in using science-based, human-guided, interactive simulation–optimization methods for designing potential conservation practices on their landscape. The underlying optimization algorithms, process simulation models, and interfaces allow users to not only spatially optimize the locations and types of new conservation practices based on quantifiable goals estimated by the dynamic simulation models, but also to include their personal subjective and/or unquantifiable criteria in the location and design of these practices. In this paper, we describe the software, interfaces, and architecture of WRESTORE, provide scenarios for implementing the WRESTORE tool in a watershed community's planning process, and discuss considerations for future developments.     

Terrain-Specific: Contemporary Landscape Architecture in Canada

The Canadian landscape has typically captured a global imaginary of a pristine wild, but how might its urban designed landscapes be distinctly understood? Foregrounded by the landscape transformations accelerated by climate change, the book Innate Terrain: Canadian Landscape Architecture, edited by Professor Alissa North from the University of Toronto, highlights landscape architecture projects situated on the unique Canadian terrain. Providing further provocation on Canadian landscape architecture, Innate Terrain seeks to fill the literary gap on contemporary landscape perspectives, distinguishing Canadian landscape architecture from global practice, and particularly, its well-documented American counterpart. Landscape architecture in the Canadian context has evolved and established its own distinct identity, one imbued with national and local sensitivities. Informed by diverse environmental and cultural contexts, Canadian-designed landscapes reflect and refer to the prevailing ecosystems of Canada’s innate terrain. Contrary to the preceding International Style, landscape architecture projects in Canada have adopted the ethos of Critical Regionalism in the second half of the 20th century. Contemporary Canadian practitioners are designing landscapes that are deeply informed by their surrounding geographical context while emphasizing cultural specificity. Central to this cultural specificity, addressed by a new generation of landscape architects, is the increasing recognition of Indigenous Traditional Knowledge within the discipline. Canadian landscape architects have collaborated with First Nations, Inuit, and Métis communities, including the keepers of this knowledge, to develop land management strategies and design landscape interventions.     

历史的当下:遗产保护实践下近代史研究反思

历史的书写，从来都逃避不了时代的主观性；而所谓历史的真实，亦无法摆脱客体的相对性，因而呈现出错综交杂的表象，难以一窥全貌。本文重拾中国营造学社开启的，以实物和史料相互印证的研究方法；基于多个真实的遗产保护案例，通过建筑本体勘查、历史影像的三维数字化还原、特殊节点构造的拆解分析、实物湮灭后的类型化推测等工作，试图破解特殊的建筑结构体系及做法，揭示建筑物背后隐藏的历史和文化。一切历史都是当代史，遗产保护实践中的探索与反思，不仅可以更好地叙述一段贴近真实的历史，同时，也构筑起一个深具历 史感的当下。     

节能建筑现状与发展前景探索

建筑节能是当今世界人们共同关注的热点问题,也是建筑技术进步的一个重大标志。本文旨在根据我国建筑节能的现状和存在问题,通过兖矿集团鲍店煤矿节能建筑实际工程,来探讨建筑节能工作的重要性及改进措施,并展望了节能建筑的灿烂前景。     

沈阳铁西工业区及其改造的现状与前景

本文归纳和介绍了沈阳铁西工业区形成、发展的历史过程,对铁西工业区的文化历史价值进行了评价,分析了建设中所存在的问题,并提出了对其工业遗产保护的方法.