Effect of neighbouring village conditions and infrastructure interdependency on economic opportunity: A case study of the Yogyakarta region,Indonesia

To determine whether the inclusion of conditions in neighbouring villages and infrastructure interdependency are able to improve the performance of infrastructure–economy interaction models, we compare three related and progressive concepts. The first concept defines economic opportunity in a village as a function of available infrastructure within that village. The second concept includes the effect of economic opportunity in neighbouring villages in addition to available infrastructure within the village. In the third concept, we include the interdependency of infrastructures as another factor affecting the potential level of economic development in the village. We use Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) and a Geographic Information System (GIS) to model the first concept, and we add a spatial-lag model for the second. The third model expands on the second by introducing a Sugeno Fuzzy Inference System (FIS) and a rule-based OLS to capture the nature of infrastructure interdependency. The result of the three models is validated by a known spatial distribution of poverty levels and subjective well-being that serve as proxies for economic opportunity in the Yogyakarta region in Indonesia. The results demonstrate that the third model provides a more accurate prediction of the real conditions and performs consistently better than the other two models. We therefore conclude that conditions in neighbouring villages and infrastructure interdependency influence the economic opportunity of a village and should be considered in policy making regarding resource allocation in infrastructure development.     

丽江西林瓦村纳西聚落美之要素研究

本文以云南丽江西林瓦村纳西聚落为研究对象。通过实地调研、案例分析、归纳总结等方法,分析其选址生聚、街道脉络、院落秩序、建筑造型、细部涵义诸方面对于生态之美、形式之美、生活之美的积极作用,提出院落组织的逻辑有序,因势相宜是纳西聚落之美的核心,是进一步研究和发扬的岀发点.     

Intergenerational Family Conflict and Coping Among Hmong American College Students.

Problem solving and social support, as different styles of coping with intergenerational family conflict, were examined among 86 Hmong American college students. Problem solving and social support were hypothesized to differentially moderate the effects of family conflict on psychological adjustment. Furthermore, the effects of attributions of blame on the adjustment of Hmong American college students were examined. Results indicate that social support buffered and problem solving enhanced the negative effects of family conflict on symptoms of distress but not on affect. Additionally, there were significant interaction effects between family conflict and self-blame on distress. Specifically, students who were more likely to blame themselves reported higher levels of distress. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

皖西山区美丽乡村建设的现状与对策研究——以金寨县双河村为例

皖西山区因地理环境、经济产业及建设发展历程不同于省域其他地区,故美丽乡村建设有其自身的特点。本文基于对其多个乡村的整体布局、建筑风貌、空间环境、基础设施等开展的田野调查,以该地区的金寨县双河镇双河村为例,阐述了皖西山区美丽乡村建设的共性;并结合所参与的实际工程项目,着眼于技术层面,从产业、规划和建筑的角度,相应地提出了引导支撑、按需统筹、分类更新的对策,为该地区的美丽乡村建设提供一定的理论依据和实例参考。     

基于人因工程与模块化的苗族蜡染绘制工序优化研究

目的 维护苗族蜡染的手工创作,提高蜡染创作效率与舒适性。方法 首先经实地调研,运用人因工程分析,观察苗族蜡染流程并结合手艺人的主观评价,发掘其中有待优化的工序和待改良的工具。随后对苗族蜡染开展画面研究,通过分解画面,先得到绘制较为繁琐且排列逻辑较高的区域,再分析其组合规律,进而提出模块化的重组思路与设计。最后以苗族蜡染的绘制特点和操作要求为基础,流畅度和舒适度为原则,对现有绘制工具进行改良设计。结论 通过人因工程和模块化的结合应用,将问题拆分为工具与画面两个方面,分别提出优化方案,以支持苗族蜡染的创造性而非重复性工作、降低初学入门的难度,以工具的改进助力手工艺的创作。     

中国村落可持续发展试点工程实践——河南省下伏头村公共浴室改造设计

河南省博爱县下伏头村公共浴室的改造,从选址、能源使用、材料利用、废水处理以及与地方技术相结合等方面体现了可持续性的思想,说明现代化的技术手段是不能够完全替代乡土建筑中的地方技术和地方经验的,两者只有充分结合,相互补充,才能够发展出新型的具有地域特点的乡土建筑。     

Re-thinking china's densified biomass fuel policies: Large or small scale?

Current policies and strategies related to the utilization of densified biomass fuel (DBF) in China are mainly focused on medium- or large-scale manufacturing modes, which cannot provide feasible solutions to solve the household energy problems in China's rural areas. To simplify commercial processes related to the collection of DBF feedstock and the production and utilization of fuel, a novel village-scale DBF approach is proposed. Pilot demonstration projects have shown the feasibility and flexibility of this new approach in realizing sustainable development in rural China. Effective utilization of DBF in rural China will lead to gains for global, regional, and local energy savings, environmental protection, sustainable development, and related social benefits. It could also benefit other developing countries for better utilization of biomass as a viable household energy source. This proposal therefore delivers the possibility of reciprocal gains, and as such deserves the attention of policy makers and various stakeholders.     

Global Village Media: Coming Together in the Early 1970s at Whiz Bang Quick City

Felicity D Scott , Associate Professor of Architecture at Columbia University Graduate School of Architecture, Planning and Preservation (GSAPP), describes here the instant city events of the early 1970s. These foreshadowed current global village media practices in what now seems a quaintly material manner: communication between sites involved the physical mailing of videotapes and ‘wire photos’ through the postal service. The sites themselves – in the US and elsewhere – were transformed into ‘instant cities’ through the erection of physical geodesic domes, teepees and inflatables in seas of mud. The true antecedents of today's instant networking, these pioneers embraced the newest technology available at the time and the most innovative forms of temporary architecture.     

Design for the Future: Educational Institutions in the Gulf

Despite a distinguished heritage of learning in the Middle East, the expansion of provision for higher education is currently at an unprecedented scale. The Gulf States, in particular, are seeking to keep up with accelerated population growth and a demographic ‘youth bulge’. Guest-Editor Kevin Mitchell describes the architectural approaches employed in the design of institutions in the region from the first universities in Saudi Arabia to Foster + Partners's ground-breaking sustainable design for the Masdar Institute in Abu Dhabi and future projects.     

理县甘堡藏寨灾后重建的几点思考

聚居于川西高山峡谷地区的藏羌民族,处于历史上多民族文化互相冲撞又互相整合的＂藏彝走廊＂地区。特殊的地理位置及历史上的民族交融,使其民居聚落与民居建筑强烈地表现出其民族地域属性,成为独具特色的地域建筑文化景观。＂5.12＂地震之后的灾后重建中,如何传承当地独特的地域建筑景观是人们普遍关注的问题,本文以理县甘堡藏寨重建案例入手,站在地区建筑学的立场上进行反思,试图阐释尊重文脉,尊重本土精神,尊重民族习俗的方法和通道,期望对于我们今后的民族村落建设有所裨益。