下扬子地区下志留统风暴沉积特征及风暴作用对泥页岩品质的影响

近年来在下扬子地区页岩气地质调查井所获取的地层岩心资料，揭示该地区下志留统风暴沉积较为发育。基于精细的岩心观察描述，详细分析了下扬子地区下志留统高家边组下段中上部风暴沉积的特征，并阐明了风暴作用对泥页岩的影响。研究表明：研究区风暴岩岩性偏细，以粉砂岩为主，石英含量较高，结构成熟度较低，具2种不同的粒度概率曲线；主要发育底部冲刷面、块状层理、平行层理、丘状交错层理、波纹交错层理、准同生变形构造等沉积构造；垂向上主要识别出4种风暴沉积序列，均具有从底到顶粒度变细的沉积特征，不同的沉积序列与风暴流能量的强弱有关。下扬子地区早志留世频繁的风暴活动与研究区的古地理背景和古气候条件具有内在联系。特大型风暴对浅海陆棚深水区的细粒泥质沉积物特征产生重要影响，包括降低有机质含量、减少单层厚度、破坏垂向连续性、改变原始沉积构造和侧向稳定性等，总体上降低了泥页岩的品质。因此，研究认为在页岩气的勘探和评价过程中应重视风暴因素对陆棚深水区原始泥质沉积物的影响。     

Amorphous-crystalline cobalt-molybdenum bimetallic phosphide heterostructured nanosheets as Janus electrocatalyst for efficient water splitting

Efficient and sustainable Janus catalysts toward hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) are highly desirable for future hydrogen production via water electrolysis. Herein we report an active Janus electrocatalyst of amorphous-crystalline cobalt-molybdenum bimetallic phosphide heterostructured nanosheets on nickel foam (CoMoP/CoP/NF) for efficient electrolysis of alkaline water. As-reported CoMoP/CoP/NF consists of amorphous bimetal phosphide nanosheets doped with crystalline CoMoP/CoP heterostructured nanoparticles on NF. It can efficiently catalyze both HER (η = 127 mV@100 mA cm^?2) and OER (η = 308 mV@100 mA cm^?2) in alkaline electrolyte with long-term durability. Serving as anode and cathode of water electrolyzer, CoMoP/CoP/NF generates electrolytic current of 10, 50 and 100 mA cm^?2 at low voltage of 1.50, 1.59, and 1.67 V, respectively.     

Combining molybdenum carbide with ceria overlayers to boost Mo/CeO2 catalyzed ammonia synthesis

The design of an efficient non-noble metal catalyst is of burgeoning interest for ammonia synthesis. Herein, we report a Mo₂C/CeO₂ catalyst that is superior in ammonia synthesis activity. In this catalyst, molybdenum carbide coexisted with the ceria overlayers which is from the ceria support as the strong metal–support interaction. There is a high proportion of low-valent Mo species, as well as high concentration of Ce³⁺ and surface oxygen species. The presence of Mo₂C and CeO₂ overlayers not only leads to enhancement of hydrogen and nitrogen adsorption, but also facilitates the desorption and exchange of adsorbed species with the gaseous reagents. Compared with the Mo/CeO₂ catalyst prepared without carbonization, the Mo₂C/CeO₂ catalyst is more than sevenfold higher in ammonia synthesis rate. This work not only presents an explicit example of designing Mo-based catalyst that is highly efficient for ammonia synthesis by tuning the adsorption and desorption properties of the reactant gases, but opens a perspective for other elements in ammonia synthesis.     

河北、湖北、四川三省畜禽养殖场粪污样品中硒、钼含量的调查

目的 调查河北、湖北、四川三省畜禽养殖场粪污样品中硒、钼的含量。方法 采集河北、湖北、四川三省206个养殖场的422个样品, 干清粪和水泡粪样品经过65 ℃烘干至恒重后, 粉碎或研磨, 过0.25 mm样品筛, 进行微波消解处理后, 赶酸定容至50 mL容量瓶中, 用电感耦合等离子质谱仪对硒、钼元素进行测定。污水样直接进行微波消解处理后, 赶酸定容至50 mL容量瓶中, 用电感耦合等离子质谱仪对硒、钼元素进行测定。结果 3个省份的猪场、鸡场和牛场的干清粪样品中不同程度的检出了硒或钼的含量; 污水样品和水泡粪样品中均未检出硒和钼的含量。结论 河北、四川、湖北三省养猪场、养鸡场和养牛场的粪污再利用过程中可能会对环境造成一定的污染, 应当进行相应处理后再进行利用。     

Improvement of quantitative analysis of molybdenum element using PLS-based approaches for laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy in various pressure environments

An experimental setup has been designed and realized in order to optimize the characteristics of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy system working in various pressure environments. An approach combined the normalization methods with the partial least squares(PLS) method are developed for quantitative analysis of molybdenum(Mo) element in the multi-component alloy,which is the first wall material in the Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak. In this study, the different spectral normalization methods(total spectral area normalization,background normalization, and reference line normalization) are investigated for reducing the uncertainty and improving the accuracy of spectral measurement. The results indicates that the approach of PLS based on inter-element interference is significantly better than the conventional PLS methods as well as the univariate linear methods in the various pressure for molybdenum element analysis.     

黔北桑木场背斜铅锌矿深部找矿实例分析*#br#

黔北桑木场背斜位于上扬子地块黔北隆起区毕节弧形褶皱带与赤水克拉通盆地的交汇部位，属于有利的铅锌成矿区带。区内铅锌矿的赋矿层位主要有震旦系灯影组、寒武系清虚洞组、高台组及石冷水组，矿体多产于背斜核部并受断层或裂隙控制。通过对地层岩性特征、地表矿化特征、控容矿构造特征、化探异常特征、物探异常特征等进行综合研究，选择在成矿有利地段进行了工程验证，为进一步开展桑木场背斜铅锌矿深部找矿工作提供了思路。     

陕西省略阳县干河坝金矿地质特征及矿床成因探讨

干河坝金矿床是南秦岭南段勉略康构造混杂岩带内属受岩相和构造双重控制的构造蚀变岩型金矿床。该矿床的矿体集中产于古生界泥盆系金家河岩组金家河千枚岩与乔子沟火山岩的岩性—构造接触带附近，多呈似层状、透镜状。为进一步探讨该矿床成因，通过对矿床成矿地质特征、地球化学背景及硫同位素的系统研究，认为：①该矿床的赋矿层位就是其初始矿源层；②经区域变质变形和多期构造活动，初始矿源层中的成矿物质活化、迁移，在近EW向张性裂隙中充填、沉淀而富集成矿。     

Comparative analysis on performance of vertical drain improved clay deposit under vacuum or surcharge loading

This paper presents two well-instrumented large-scale field tests of PVD-improved soft soil with vacuum and surcharge preloading, respectively. The two large-scale field tests were conducted adjacent to each other with the same preload. A comparative analysis was performed to investigate the performance of subsoil (i.e., the ground settlement, the layered settlement, the lateral displacement of subsoil and pore water pressure) under vacuum preloading and equivalent surcharge preloading. Some design methods were verified based on the field data. Cone Penetration Tests (CPT) and Vane Shear Tests (VST) were conducted to assess the improvement effects on subsoil after preloading. The results showed that as compared with surcharge preloading, vacuum preloading mitigated the differential settlement of the ground. The vacuum pressure transmitted into the soil with a minor loss through the PVD length. From a practical point of view, the improvement effects by vacuum preloading and surcharge preloading were similar in terms of influence depth and soil strength based on the in-situ tests.     

Effect of Mo on corrosion behavior of Ni20Cr–xMo alloys in air with NaCl–KCl–CaCl2 vapor at 570°C

The effect of Mo on the corrosion behavior of Ni20Cr–xMo alloys in an oxidizing chlorine-containing atmosphere using air mixed with the salt-vapor mixture of NaCl–KCl–CaCl₂ at 570°C was investigated. The results revealed that the corrosion performance of the Ni20Cr alloys in the oxidizing chlorine atmosphere was improved by Mo addition of up to 3 wt%. The Mo-free alloy formed a potassium chromate during corrosion as a result of the reaction between the Cr₂O₃ scale and KCl vapor. The chromate formation increased the chlorine potential at the scale surface and induced the breakdown of the protective Cr₂O₃ scale, resulting in internal chromium chloride precipitates and a Cr-depleted zone. In contrast, the presence of Mo resulted in the formation of a NiO scale, which did not react with the salt vapors and, therefore, prevented the formation of chromates. The beneficial effect of Mo on the high-temperature chlorination of Ni–Cr alloys in salt-vapor-containing atmospheres was ascribed to the suppression of chlorine generation due to NiO scale formation.     

湖南省郴州市饭垄堆北段锡钨多金属矿勘查方法优化

湖南省郴州市饭垄堆北段锡钨多金属矿位于湘南钨锡钼铋多金属成矿带东坡矿田内，成矿地质条件优越，具有很好的找矿前景。根据该矿床地质特征以及已有的地质矿产勘查成果，系统总结了矿区101、102、103号主矿体特征。在此基础上，进一步讨论了该类裂隙充填细脉带型锡钨多金属矿床在勘查过程中探矿工程布置的优化方法：即：①探矿工程不宜按每个矿带单独控制，应对整个赋矿层位进行整体控制；②应对含有毒砂、锡、钨细脉的岩性段进行连续取样化验，既可避免漏矿，又可以为将来工业指标调整后重新圈定矿体提供直接依据。