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1.
Territorial Impact Assessment (TIA) is proposed as a critical tool in order to investigate the way policies affect spatial development and hence territorial cohesion. The paper introduces a TIA methodological model in relation to transport sector. The design of the methodological model is based on a quantitative evaluation framework that comprises a set of selected indicators applied in a cross-border area of southeast Europe, influenced by the operation of the Greek motorway system of Egnatia and its vertical axes. The indicators are grouped into three main fields of TIA, i.e. transport intermodality, polycentric spatial organization and cross-border territorial cooperation. The TIA’s indicators are approximated by quantitative analysis. The procedure concludes to an overall composite indicator measuring the ‘level of territorial cohesion’ along with some core results and the expected added value. It also highlights some key technical aspects about the routines used and proceeds to suggestions for further refinement.  相似文献   
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功能多中心是多中心城市区域最为本质的特点和最为关键的演进阶段。基于欧洲POLYNET研究所形成的功能多中心测度方法,选取长江三角洲目前最受商务旅行青睐且使用最为普遍的城市间动车组(CRH:China Railway High—speed)每日车次数作为替代数据,对区域的功能多中心程度进行测度,并与欧洲8个城市区域进行比较。通过测度和比较同时参考其他相关研究,认为长江三角洲地区的功能多中心程度较高,已经接近较为典型的功能多中心城市区域。  相似文献   
3.
Blockchain technology was created as a response to the trust crisis that swept the world in the wake of the 2008 financial crisis. Bitcoin and other blockchain-based systems were presented as a “trustless” alternative to existing financial institutions and even governments. Yet, while the trustless nature of blockchain technology has been heavily questioned, little research has been done as to what blockchain technologies actually bring to the table in place of trust. This article draws from the extensive academic discussion on the concepts of “trust” and “confidence” to argue that blockchain technology is not a ‘trustless technology’ but rather a ‘confidence machine’. First, the article provides a review of the multifaceted conceptualisations of trust and confidence, and the relationship between these two concepts. Second, the claim is made that blockchain technology relies on cryptographic rules, mathematics, and game-theoretical incentives in order to increase confidence in the operations of a computational system. Yet, such an increase in confidence ultimately relies on the proper operation and governance of the underlying blockchain-based network, which requires trusting a variety of actors. Third, the article turns to legal, constitutional and polycentric governance theory to explore the governance challenges of blockchain-based systems, in light of the tension between procedural confidence and trust.  相似文献   
4.
随着城市规模日益扩大,传统的单中心格局制约着大城市的发展,多中心理念在城市发展过程中逐渐显现,并成为学术圈的研究热点。当前,杭州正处于由单中心向多中心空间格局转变的关键时期,该文总结了国内外相关理论研究与分析成果,并从常住人口分布、用地空间结构和公共交通联系等方面,对杭州市区多中心结构展开实证研究,包括其现状、动力和趋势,试图描绘出杭州多中心结构的现状、成因和发展目标,并提出城市空间结构优化的策略建议。  相似文献   
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金瑛  魏冶 《室内设计》2018,(3):47-54
利用生产性服务业的空间布局研究 中心城区尺度多中心性可以探析城市内部的 功能空间结构。本文选取长春市中心城区范 围内的保险、广告、会计、科技、律师、物流、 银行7种生产性服务业的POI数据进行核密 度分析,采用空间主成分分析法对生产性服 务业空间布局进行综合分析,利用城市网络 分析工具U NA测度长春市中心城区交通网 络中心性,检验其与生产性服务业的相关关 系。研究结果发现长春市中心城区范围生产 性服务业多中心呈分级圈层分布;生产性服 务业部分中心与城市商业中心吻合;传统商 务中心对生产性服务业的影响较大,老城区 的老商业中心易出现生产性服务业中心;生产 性服务业多中心与交通网络中心性存在明显 正相关,生产性服务业沿城市主要道路的集 聚明显。  相似文献   
7.
Towards the end of the twentieth century, polycentricity was introduced into China as a planning concept. Subsequently a number of super/mega city regions began to adopt polycentric development spatial planning strategies, which are designed to facilitate more sustainable and balanced development. This paper seeks to identify the main differences in application of polycentricity between China and the West, and explore the major emerging thematic strands of polycentric development practice, as illustrated through an evaluation of master planning in eight super/mega city regions across China. In particular, the paper highlights the divergent interpretations of polycentricity in master plan-making practice and shows how plans have been adjusted to help deliver the idea of polycentric development. Although the concept of polycentricity is relatively new in China, it has already become a normative approach used to determine future spatial structures. While there is an absence of an articulated rationality to ‘decide’ whether this is (or should be) an ‘ideal’ model, already it has gone beyond Western approaches of initially using polycentricity as an interpretative tool to describe urban realities.  相似文献   
8.
Traffic congestion is an ever-increasing issue across urban environments in the US. One potential mitigation strategy is to improve our understanding of how the geographical patterns of urban land use influence congestion. Unfortunately, there is no consensus regarding if more sprawling or dense urban morphologies help mitigate congestion issues. To potentially clarify the conflicting findings of previous studies, we used a detailed spatial metric-based approach and panel regression to quantify the relationships between urban development patterns and congestion in 98 US urban areas from 2001 to 2011. We found that the abundance and spatial configuration of urban land uses were correlated with traffic congestion. Specifically, high degrees of polycentricity for both high-intensity and low-intensity urban land uses were associated with more congestion, while contiguous residential development was correlated with less congestion. Important distinctions were also observed between different congestion measures, as urban morphology exhibited a more substantial influence on overall congestion than rush-hour congestion. Our findings can potentially inform future land use planning by clarifying which urban morphologies alleviate traffic congestion issues.  相似文献   
9.
多中心是一个涉及地理、经济社会、政治或行政等多个方面的动态的概念。为了更好地在城市区域规划中理解和应用这一概念,首先从空间形态、功能和治理三个层面阐释多中心的多重内涵,进而通过对多中心的尺度依赖与过程依赖的阐释,说明多中心概念的动态特征。最后,审视中国城市区域多中心的发展,指出其发展的特征与可能的演化趋势。  相似文献   
10.
本文揭示了在巴黎大都市区中,国家和区域层面的两种多中心空间规划政策是如何在无意中阻碍了这个多中心巨型城市区域的发展。国家层面的政策试图降低法国境内的经济不平衡,但却无法促进巴黎盆地这个完整空间系统的形成。另外,大巴黎地区的多中心规划限制了邻近新城的经济和城市发展。这导致了巴黎聚集区的加强,限制了尚未成形的巴黎多中心巨型城市区域周边功能性城市区域的进一步整合。  相似文献   
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