ICT and cities revisited

This paper tests whether or not adoption of information and communication technologies (ICT) has offset agglomeration benefits and led to more dispersed spatial structures worldwide. The paper returns to Ioannides et al. (2008) and confirms, first by relying on the Pareto (Zipf) coefficient of the city size distribution as a proxy of spatial dispersion, that the diffusion of fixed telephony has caused more dispersed urban structures worldwide, in other words, greater urban decentralization. Similar causal effects are established for mobile telephony, which are novel, and the internet, which extend previous research. They are confirmed for such alternative measures of dispersion as the Gini coefficient, the Herfindahl index, and the coefficient of variation.     

创造符合寒地特征的城市公共空间以哈尔滨为例

文章从寒地的气候特征出发，分析了寒地城市在公共空间创造中应当注意的原则与方法，结合哈尔滨的城市空间创造实践，探讨如何创造符合寒地地域特征、体现城市历史文化内涵的城市公共空间。     

城市韧性承洪理论——另一种规划实践的基础

滨河城市面对水患问题需要一种基于韧性理论的管理方法,而不是简单地修建防洪工程来抵御。通过堤、坝和渠化的防洪工程来抵御洪水,忽略了人与自然互动时所产生的不确定因素,也无法回应因气候变化而不断增加的极端灾害,因此不是解决洪水安全问题的长期有效的方法。通过运用韧性理论提升系统存续能力,笔者提出了"城市韧性承洪"理论,作为替代目前主流方式的城市洪水灾害管理体系。该理论明确了一个城市的承洪力,以及对潜在的物质财产损失和社会经济中断等情况的预警辨识力,从而防止伤亡和保持现有的社会经济特征。通过在周期性洪水中积累经验,可以应对城市的极端洪水灾害。城市韧性承洪理论挑战了"城市如不防洪即无法生存"的传统理念,实际上传统的防洪工程破坏了应对洪水的韧性。为将此理论运用于规划实践中,笔者提出了"可浸区百分比"这一指标,用以评估城市的承洪韧性。应用自然的洪泛区功能建立城市承洪韧性,提升对洪水的适应性以替代防洪工程,将减轻洪水的危害。     

冒险游戏场的起源、实例与启示

游戏是儿童成长中不可或缺的部分,儿童友好城市的重要硬件措施是建设儿童游戏据点。冒险游戏场作为代表性场所,在治愈儿童心理问题、培养儿童责任感、激发儿童危机意识和自我保护技能等方面发挥了重要作用。冒险游戏场在国外已有70余年的实践历史,但我国对冒险游戏场的研究尚处于初级阶段,在实践方面仍属空白。本文从剖析冒险游戏场的起源与核心思想入手,重点围绕欧美和日本的发展背景,对其发展历史进行系统梳理,再深入解读"常设"和"非常设"的三个典型案例,总结出设计理念"自由化"、空间要素"自然化"、场所运营"专业化"三个关键启示,为我国儿童公共空间的研究提供借鉴和参考。     

Research on the Spatial–Temporal Changes of Regional Morphology of Residential Neighborhoods in County-Level Cities of China: Cases Studies on Qingcheng County,Wu’an City,Changxing County,Lianjiang County,and Jintang County

The extensive growth in most Chinese cities at the expense of local identities of living settlement. Taking the 60 residential neighborhoods in county-level cities of varied climate zones in China as examples, this paper explores their spatial–temporal changes and differences in morphology, based on 12 morphological indicators through Principal Component Analysis and correlation analysis by ArcGIS 10.2, SPSS 22, and Origin 2021. The results show that 1) the construction dating of the 60 sample neighborhoods conforms to the development of China’s housing reform; 2) the spatial morphology of residential neighborhoods in county-level cities of different climate zones could be charaterized by 5 factors, i.e. neighborhood shape, development intensity, neighborhood size, layout order, and aggregation degree; 3) the disparities in the spatial morphology of residential neighborhoods in the same climate zone in different period of time are mostly indicated with 3 morphological indicators, i.e. Building Density, Neighborhood Area, and Green Space Ratio; rather, the morphology of residential neighborhoods built during a same period of time varies largely between climate zones, mainly indicated with Green Space Ratio, Degree of Building Angle Disorder, and Degree of Building Distance Disorder; and 4) China’s housing policies, climatic conditions, residential building patterns, and the urbanization of each city together influence the spatial–temporal changes in the spatial morphology, offering references to policy making, planning, and construction to protect the regional characteristics in the future.     

新型城镇化背景下川东中小城市人口本地城镇化研究 ——以开江县为例

人的城镇化是新型城镇化的根本, 本文着眼于新型城镇化背景下的川东中小城市 人口流动态势,总结本地城镇化的特征与路 径。以四川省开江县人口本地城镇化为例,从 特征与问题“表”“里”两方面对开江县人口 流动过程中的人口转移、产业集聚进行实证 研究,分析了川东中小城市人口本地城镇化面 临的经济发展缓慢和人口大量外流,资金缺 乏而难以支撑相当数量人口的本地城镇化等 主要问题。结合这些问题,对新时期川东中小 城市人口“本地城镇化”的路径展开论述,探 索出主承载地选择、层次引导和次区域引导 等多种方式相结合的路径。     

“茶—文化—旅游”三元协同的山间小镇建设模式探究 ——以武夷山市星村镇为例

以星村镇的发展实践为山地城镇建设的剖析标本,将地域性的文化基因、文脉特质等内容融入到其城镇建设模式的分析之中。基于对星村镇特色要素与功能的梳理,确定自身的区域发展品牌,引导形成其发展定位,并通过发展定位传递到城镇建设中需要关注的经济承载、空间特色凸显和空间方案建构等具体内容之中,指导星村镇"茶—文化—旅游"三元协同的镇区建设模式成型。     

The economic case for low-carbon development in rapidly growing developing world cities: A case study of Palembang,Indonesia

Where costs or risks are higher, evidence is lacking or supporting institutions are less developed, policymakers can struggle to make the case for low-carbon investment. This is especially the case in developing world cities where decision-makers struggle to keep up with the pace and scale of change. Focusing on Palembang in Indonesia, this paper considers the economic case for proactive investment in low-carbon development. We find that a rapidly growing industrial city in a developing country can reduce emissions by 24.1% in 2025, relative to business as usual levels, with investments of USD405.6 million that would reduce energy expenditure in the city by USD436.8 million. Emissions from the regional grid could be reduced by 12.2% in 2025, relative to business as usual trends, with investments of USD2.9 billion that would generate annual savings of USD175 million. These estimates understate the savings from reduced expenditure on energy subsidies and energy infrastructure. The compelling economic case for mainstreaming climate mitigation in this developing country city suggests that the constraints on climate action can be political and institutional rather than economic. There is therefore a need for more effective energy governance to drive the transition to a low-carbon economy.     

寒地城市滨河区域的和谐共生——以扎鲁特旗鲁北镇滨河区控制性详细规划为例

寒地城市由于具有特殊的地理位置和气候条件,与南方城市相比存在很大差异.扎鲁特旗鲁北镇滨河区控制性详细规划充分结合严寒的气候条件、突出的自然环境、平坦的地势条件和良好的区位优势,结合当前蓬勃发展的城市建设与经济政策支持,从规划布局、生态景观系统、道路交通、地下空间利用等方面进行研究,以优化滨河区的用地结构,拓展城市空间,...     

浅谈加强福州城市道路破路、占道施工管理的对策和建议

多年来,"城市道路破路、占道施工管理" 问题一直困扰着城市建设管理部门.如何有效解决"城市道路破路、占道施工管理"问题,就必须认真分析成因,并从中找到加强管理和根治的办法.