宝鸡峡林家村水库库区水面漂浮物治理

本文对林家村水库库区漂浮物的情况,从分类、形成、影响等方面进行了分析,结合水库漂浮物治理存在的问题,提出了具体的漂浮物治理方案及建议,可供水库清漂人员参考。     

Potential for electrification from biomass gasification in Vanuatu

At least 170,000 rural people in the Pacific-island nation Vanuatu (approximately 70% of the country’s population) live without reliable access to electricity. The few rural households that do consume electricity incur high prices for imported diesel fuel ($2-3/liter). Thus, there is an important role in Vanuatu for expanding cost-competitive, non-diesel alternatives for electricity generation.Informed by an interdisciplinary data synthesis and an extensive series of field interviews in Vanuatu, this paper analyzes the potential for converting reportedly obsolete timber plantation land into a dedicated feedstock supply system for new small-scale biomass gasifiers. The analysis draws upon geographic mapping of electricity demand and feedstock supply, a historical assessment of Vanuatu’s forest plantations, a techno-economic evaluation of investment in 10 kW and 30 kW gasifiers, and a discussion of important social-institutional factors.This analysis identifies up to 13 geographic matches between areas of rural electricity demand and potential feedstock supply. In addition, financial modeling suggests that the levelized cost of electricity from gasification is competitive (relative to diesel systems) given capacity factors of 15-40% or greater (corresponding to a cost of $1.60/kWh or less). Further research is recommended to examine the socioeconomic and ecological aspects of feedstock plantation establishment in Vanuatu.     

Above ground standing biomass and carbon storage in village bamboos in North East India

Bamboo forms an important component in the traditional landscape of North East India. For biomass estimation of village bamboos of Barak Valley, North East India, allometric relationships were developed by harvest method describing leaf, branch and culm biomass with DBH as an independent variable using a log linear model. The culm density of the stand was 8950 culms ha⁻¹ during 2005 of which 67% of growing stock was represented by Bambusa cacharensis, 17.88% by Bambusa vulgaris and 15.12% by Bambusa balcooa. Above ground stand biomass was 121.51 t ha⁻¹ of which 86% was contributed by culm component followed by branch (10%) and leaf (4%). With respect to species, B. cacharensis made up to 46% of total stand biomass followed by B. vulgaris (28%) and B. balcooa (26%). Carbon storage in the above ground biomass was 61.05 t ha⁻¹. Allocation of C was more in culm components (53.05 t ha⁻¹) than in branch (5.81 t ha⁻¹) and leaf (2.19 t ha⁻¹). Carbon storage in the litter floor mass was 2.40 t ha⁻¹, of which leaf litter made up the highest amount (1.37 t ha⁻¹) followed by sheath (0.86 t ha⁻¹) and branch (0.17 t ha⁻¹). Carbon stock in the soil up to 30 cm depth was 57.3 t ha⁻¹. Gross C stock in the plantation was estimated to be 120.75 t ha⁻¹. Carbon storage estimated in the bamboo stand of present study offers insights into the opportunity of village bamboos in the rural landscape for carbon storage through carbon sequestration. Management and utilization of village bamboos as a potential source of carbon sink by smallholder farmers are discussed in the context of their livelihood security and the Millennium Development Goals of the United Nations.     

河口村水库工程管理设计研究

河口村水库工程位于流经河南省济源市克井镇境内的黄河一级支流沁河峡谷段,属新建大(2)型水利枢纽,其开发任务以防洪、供水为主,兼顾灌溉、发电、改善河道基流,也是黄河下游防洪体系和水沙调控体系的重要组成部分。为充分发挥工程的综合效益,促进水资源的可持续利用,保障经济社会的可持续发展,工程管理设计应具有为水库生产、经营管理以及职工生活所必备的管理条件和设施;同时,为加强水利工程管理,保证工程安全,提高效能,应规范管理单位的岗位设置和岗位定员。     

横塘村水文站代表线平均流速--断面平均流速相关分析

安吉县横塘村水文站是西苕溪区域代表站，该站的水位，流量等水文要素是西苕溪水利规划和综合治理的重要依据，测流方法的确定直接关系到水文资料的质量，本文对该站的代表线测流进行了相关分析，取得了可行性成果。     

桃园风光,民居瑰宝--陕西韩城党家村初探

地处陕西韩城的党家村是一座保存完好的民居村落,该文在对党家村考察的基础上,从村落选址,历史沿革,街巷院落,公共设施以及治安防御等方面出发,对其村落形态,建筑特点以及民俗风情等方面进行了初步的探讨分析,展现了党家村及其民居建筑的精良,院落丰富的文化内涵,雕饰的精美以及安全防卫的坚固牢靠。     

Effect of neighbouring village conditions and infrastructure interdependency on economic opportunity: A case study of the Yogyakarta region,Indonesia

To determine whether the inclusion of conditions in neighbouring villages and infrastructure interdependency are able to improve the performance of infrastructure–economy interaction models, we compare three related and progressive concepts. The first concept defines economic opportunity in a village as a function of available infrastructure within that village. The second concept includes the effect of economic opportunity in neighbouring villages in addition to available infrastructure within the village. In the third concept, we include the interdependency of infrastructures as another factor affecting the potential level of economic development in the village. We use Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) and a Geographic Information System (GIS) to model the first concept, and we add a spatial-lag model for the second. The third model expands on the second by introducing a Sugeno Fuzzy Inference System (FIS) and a rule-based OLS to capture the nature of infrastructure interdependency. The result of the three models is validated by a known spatial distribution of poverty levels and subjective well-being that serve as proxies for economic opportunity in the Yogyakarta region in Indonesia. The results demonstrate that the third model provides a more accurate prediction of the real conditions and performs consistently better than the other two models. We therefore conclude that conditions in neighbouring villages and infrastructure interdependency influence the economic opportunity of a village and should be considered in policy making regarding resource allocation in infrastructure development.     

传统乡村聚落的建筑形态特征浅析——以福建省桂峰村为例

本文以福建省尤溪县桂峰村传统乡村聚落为研究对象,在实地调研、理论研究与规划方案研究方法框架中,从"村落布局——组群院落——单体艺术——细部装饰"的结构上分析其建筑形态,并对传统乡村聚落的理论和实践进行更深一步的探讨;期望能够从中得到启发,为今天的建筑创作提供可以借鉴的思路。     

清代水师旗营的民间信仰建筑谱系——以福州琴江村为例

以清代水师旗营的民间信仰建筑为研究对象,以福州琴江村为例,首先考述其马江海战前后的建制沿革,分解为3个纲目依次论述建筑功能、建筑分布、及建筑尺度层级。并进一步结合营垒世俗化变迁历程,详细分析清代水师旗营的民间信仰建筑谱系的演化。