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排序方式: 共有289条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Bioremediation strategies have been applied to clean up petroleum hydrocarbon (PHC) impacted sites. Introducing PHC degrading microorganisms (bioaugmentation) and enhancing the in‐situ nutrients availability (biostimulation) are widely used strategies. These strategies can be combined to lead to a better bioremediation performance. In this work, Pseudomonas fluorescens was isolated from a PHC impacted site. Through a 23 factorial design plan, the effect of various combinations of nitrate, sulphate, and phosphate ions on the PHC bioremediation performance by P. fluorescens was investigated using catechol, an essential metabolic intermediate of BTEX degradation, as the sole carbon source. The maximum specific catechol degradation rate was chosen as the response to evaluate the catechol bioremediation performance. The ANOVA results indicated that the presence of nitrate ions alone lowered the maximum specific catechol degradation rate, which can be explained by the accumulation of nitrites and ammonia during the denitrification process by P. fluorescens. It was noted that dosing sulphate ions alone did not affect the bioremediation performance, which indicates P. fluorescens can grow in a sulphur‐limited environment. In contrast, the presence of sulphate and nitrate ions together can lead to a higher specific catechol degradation rate. This may be caused by the presence of sulphate that can suppress the production of nitrites. The importance of phosphate ions on catechol biodegradation was investigated. The absence of phosphate led to incomplete biodegradation. Introducing phosphate ions can accelerate catechol degradation, which can be explained by the secretion of organic acids. 相似文献
2.
Shijie Wang 《Petroleum Science and Technology》2018,36(13):974-980
A commercial microbial agent (Devoroil) was applied to study the biodegradation efficiency of four petroleum contaminated soils/sediment collected all around China. After 40 days of biodegradation, the total petroleum hydrocarbons removal rates were 41.8%, 95.7%, 84.5% and 93.5%. The soil achieved the lowest biodegradation efficiency was chosen to conduct another bioremediation experiment to study the degradation dynamics of petroleum and the microbial mechanism. The results showed that biodegradation dynamics correspond to a negative index relation. The analysis of PCR-DGGE exhibited that Thioalkalivibrio sp., Nocardia sp. and Mycobacterium sp. were probably the dominant functional microbes in the contaminated environment. 相似文献
3.
采用高通量测序法研究东营某炼油厂不同污染程度的土壤中细菌、真菌和古菌的群落结构,分析石油污染对土壤微生物群落结构的影响。结果表明:微生物群落可操作分类单元(OTU)数量随着油污土壤油含量的增加先增多后减少;Beta多样性与土壤石油污染程度有一定的关系;受污染程度相近的土壤样品,微生物群落结构的相似度较高。细菌、真菌、古菌群落中相对丰度最大的分别为变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、子囊菌门(Ascomycota)和奇古菌门(Thaumarchaeota),分别为44.8%~79.5%、54.4%~83.2%和28.3%~93.1%。属水平群落聚类分析结果显示,随着土壤油含量增加,真菌踝节菌属(Talaromyces)的相对丰度由0增加到31.6%,细菌寡养单胞菌(Stenotrophomonas)由0.1%增加到1.9%,古菌甲烷八叠球菌属(Methanosarcina)由5.8%增加到37.8%。微生物群落结构与土壤中烃类组分含量相关性分析发现,真菌炭疽菌属(Colletotrichum)、细菌节杆菌属(Arthrobacter)、古菌盐红菌属(Halorubrum)与烷烃含量呈显著正相关性,细菌甲基杆菌属(Methylobacterium)、古菌甲烷八叠球菌属(Methanosarcina)与芳香烃含量呈显著正相关性。 相似文献
4.
对有钙源条件下Sporosarcina pasteurii诱导碳酸盐-铀共沉淀修复低浓度铀废水的性能开展了试验研究。试验结果表明,该细菌能分泌脲酶水解尿素诱导产生方解石并促使其与铀发生共沉淀,使废水中铀的去除率达到95.38%;该细菌能够耐受的铀浓度高达500 mg/L;铀的去除率随Ca2+浓度的升高而增加;温度在30℃左右和碱性环境有利于方解石与铀的共沉淀。对沉淀产物进行XRD、SEM-EDS表征分析表明,其主要成分为方解石,且包含铀元素;消解分析表明,在方解石形成过程中铀以共沉淀的方式被固定到了沉淀产物中。本研究表明,Sporosarcina pasteurii诱导碳酸盐-铀共沉淀对修复低浓度铀废水有潜在应用前景。 相似文献
5.
Jignasha G. Patel Nirmal J. I. Kumar Rita N. Kumar Shamiyan R. Khan 《Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds》2018,38(3):282-293
This study was carried out to investigate the response and relationship between nitrogen fixing enzymes during the remediation of different concentrations of high molecular weight four rings Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbon (PAH) Pyrene by microalgae Synechocystis sp. (cyanobacteria) with artificial developed indigenous bacterial consortium. One axenic microalgal culture of Synechocystis sp. and two pyrene degrading indigenous bacteria with efficient removal capabilities viz. Pseudomonas indoxyladons and Bacillus benzoevorans isolated from crude oil polluted site and common industrial effluent canal were used to construct the consortium. The effect of pyrene on algal growth in terms of chlorophyll-a was measured and it was found that in the presence of bacteria, the growth and bioremediation capacity of Synechocystis sp. raised tremendously, whereas Synechocystis sp. monoculture exhibited concentration dependent decrease. Moreover, the nitrogen fixing enzymes; nitrate reductase (NR), glutamine synthetase (GS), and succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) showed chronological decrease by 93%, 90%, and 98%, respectively. Increased Bioremediation of pyrene by consortium JPNKA7B2 (Mix culture of Synechocystis sp., Pseudomonas indoxyladons, and Bacillus benzoevorans) was eliminated at 94.1% in 50 mg/L, which indirectly retarded the nitrogen fixing enzymes – NR, GS, and SDH. However, Synechocystis sp. monoculture could remediate up to 36% at 1.5 mg/L after 16 days of incubation. 相似文献
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7.
Mark Breheny Kyle Bowman Nasim Farahmand Ola Gomaa Taj Keshavarz Godfrey Kyazze 《Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology (Oxford, Oxfordshire : 1986)》2019,94(7):2081-2091
Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) produce electricity as a result of the microbial metabolism of organic substrates, hence they represent a sustainable approach for energy production and waste treatment. If the technology is to be implemented in industry, low cost and sustainable bioelectrodes must be developed to increase power output, increase waste treatment capacity, and improve service intervals. Although the current application of abiotic electrode catalysts, such as platinum and electrode binders such as Nafion leads to greater MFC performance, their use is cost prohibitive. Novel bioelectrodes which use cost effective and sustainable materials are being developed. These electrodes are developed with the intention to reduce start-up time, reduce costs, extend life-span and improve core MFC performance metrics (i.e. power density, current density, chemical oxygen demand (COD) reduction and Coulombic efficiency (CE)). Comparison of different MFC systems is not an easy task. This is due to variations in MFC design, construction, operation, and different inocula (in the case of mixed-culture MFCs). This high intra-system variability should be considered when assessing MFC data, operation and performance. This review article examines the major issues surrounding bioanode and biocathode improvement in different MFC systems, with the ultimate goal of streamlining and standardising improvement processes. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
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9.
铀矿冶行业的迅速发展造成了铀尾矿(渣)的大量堆积,对周围土壤和地下水的污染日益严重,对人类健康和社会安全造成潜在威胁,铀污染的治理已成为亟待解决的环境问题。针对铀污染的修复技术层出不穷,实践证明只使用传统物理化学方法修复铀污染有时很难达到理想的修复效果,并且修复成本通常非常昂贵。而微生物修复技术的出现,为铀污染的修复提供了更绿色,经济,高效,稳定的手段,引起了研究学者们的广泛关注,具有较大的研究价值和广阔的应用前景。首先对现阶段铀污染的修复技术进行了简单介绍,并重点综述了铀污染的微生物修复技术及其在国内外研究发展现状,接着介绍了铀污染微生物修复作用机制以及环境因子对铀污染修复效果的影响,最后分析了目前铀污染微生物修复技术存在的问题,并提出未来有待深入研究的方向,为铀污染的修复提供了新思路。 相似文献
10.