Microstructure–mechanical property relationship in an Al–Mg alloy processed by constrained groove pressing-cross route

The constrained groove pressing-cross route process was implemented on a commercially annealed AA5052 alloy at room temperature, with up to two passes (strain of ～4.64) along the rolling direction and transverse direction. The results showed the formation of an ultrafine-grained structure with an average sub-grain/cell size in the 300–500?nm range. The indentation hardness and tensile strength increased significantly, up to ～75 and 105%, respectively, and became more homogenous with a uniform and isotropic trend, as compared to the annealed alloy. According to the Hall–Petch and Taylor models used, grain refinement and increasing dislocation density were proposed as the main strengthening mechanisms. Fractographic studies revealed a ductile-fracture behaviour, with a dimpled structure proportional to the UFG structure.     

The influence of national culture on responsible innovation: A case of CO2 utilisation in Indonesia

Responsible innovation (RI) offers a promising step towards a more responsible adoption of innovations, such as new and emerging technologies. However, how RI would be practised in different cultural contexts and settings is still less studied, especially in the context of developing countries. Taking the utilisation of CO₂ in Indonesia as an empirical case, the purpose of this paper is to explore this issue through examining the influence of key characteristics of Indonesia's national culture on core dimensions of RI: anticipation, reflexivity, deliberation, responsiveness and participation. The different RI dimensions are applied in practice in a focus group discussion (FGD) and a round of interviews with different stakeholders that explored CO₂ utilisation in the country. Hofstede's classification of national cultural dimensions is used to single out key focus points for attention in these RI processes in the Indonesian context. The results from the experiment illustrate that culture matters in the application of RI dimensions in practice. In the sense that in order for RI to work well, the governance of core RI processes such as participation and deliberation has to be adjusted to social norms of what is considered legitimate, desirable and good behaviour. These norms differ across societies. The findings further suggest ways of applying RI dimensions in practice.     

固体碳直接还原钢铁厂含锌固废的理论与实践

 钢铁厂内的含锌固废数量巨大，同时富含铁、碳等元素，是可循环再利用的二次资源。通过固体碳直接还原ZnO和FeO的热力学分析，发现在非标准状态下，ZnO的还原条件要优于FeO。为此，在实验室条件下设计了含锌固废在不同温度和时间下的还原试验，发现在还原温度为1 423 K、还原时间为15 min以上时，脱锌率可达到90%，而铁的金属化率需要在1 573 K时才能接近90%；在还原温度低于1 423 K时，还原时间对脱锌率的影响较大；在还原温度高于1 473 K时，还原温度对脱锌率影响较小，同时脱锌率可达到95%。这些结果对国内当前处理含锌固废主要工艺(回转窑、转底炉)的操作制度设置具有重要的参考价值，也为如何选择合理的工艺路线，以低投入、低运营成本实现含锌固废的再利用提供了理论依据。     

南水北调中线水源区浮游植物群落结构 及其生物多样性

为探究南水北调中线水源区丹江口水库浮游植物群落结构变化及其生物多样性，于 2014—2015 年对丹江 口水库进行为期 1 年的调查和分析。发现浮游植物共 8 门 76 属 101 种，其中，绿藻门、蓝藻门及硅藻门占总种数 90.10%，绿藻门种类数最多（45 种），其次是蓝藻门（26 种）和硅藻门（20 种）。浮游植物群落结构随季节变化有所 不同：夏秋季节生物量明显高于冬春季节；优势种在冬季以颗粒直链藻、颗粒直链藻极狭变种、铜绿微囊藻和小 环藻为主，春季以球衣藻、薄甲藻属及小环藻为主，夏季以简单颤藻、单胞衣藻原变种和球衣藻为主，秋季以类颤 藻鱼腥藻、简单颤藻、球衣藻和小环藻为主。应用 Shannon-Wiener 多样性指数 H′、Pielou 均匀度指数 J′、Margalef 丰富度指数 Dm评价水质结果表明：丹江口水库夏秋季水体营养化程度更高。典型对应分析表明：水温、透明度、 总氮、总磷等是影响浮游植物群落结构的主要环境因子，夏秋季受温度影响蓝藻、绿藻数量逐渐增多，一定程度 上增加了受水区生态变化风险。本研究可为南水北调中线水源区丹江口水库生态环境变化及生物迁移风险提供 数据支持。     

Improved magnetic and electromagnetic absorption properties of xSrFe12O19/(1−x)NiFe2O4 composites

xSrFe₁₂O₁₉/(1−x)NiFe₂O₄ composites (0 ≤ x ≤ 1.0) were synthesized by using a conventional solid-state synthetic route. The results show that magnetic hysteresis loops of the xSrFe₁₂O₁₉/(1−x)NiFe₂O₄ composites are similar to those of individual component ferrites, except for the 0.1SrFe₁₂O₁₉/0.9NiFe₂O₄ and 0.3SrFe₁₂O₁₉/0.7NiFe₂O₄, suggesting that the hard/soft magnetic phases are well exchange-coupled. The saturation magnetization, coercivity, and remanent magnetization of the xSrFe₁₂O₁₉/(1−x)NiFe₂O₄ composites are increased with increasing content of SrFe₁₂O₁₉, with maximal values of 42.1 Am² kg⁻¹, 78.7 kA m⁻¹, 17.2 Am² kg⁻¹, respectively, as the content x is about 0.5. They are higher than those of the individual components, implying that interface coupling is present in the magnetic composites. The coercivity and remanent magnetization of the composites are increased initially with increasing sintering temperature and then show a downward tendency. For the component SrFe₁₂O₁₉ and NiFe₂O₄, the minimum reflection losses are −12.5 dB and −18.3 dB at match thicknesses of 2.5 mm and 2 mm, respectively. Compared with those of the component SrFe₁₂O₁₉ and NiFe₂O₄, the microwave absorption performances of the xSrFe₁₂O₁₉/(1−x)NiFe₂O₄ composites are improved remarkably, especially for the samples of x = 0.3 and x = 0.9. The minimum reflection losses values of the 0.3SrFe₁₂O₁₉/0.7NiFe₂O₄ composite are −31.6 dB (12.7 GHz) and −20.2 dB (13 GHz), while those of the 0.9SrFe₁₂O₁₉/0.1NiFe₂O₄ composites are −23.7 dB (16.3 GHz) and −33.5 dB (15.8 GHz), as the matching thicknesses are 2.5 mm and 2 mm, respectively. Therefore, the xSrFe₁₂O₁₉/(1−x)NiFe₂O₄ composites could be used as potential microwave absorption materials.     

航班恢复问题的迭代局部搜索算法

在恶劣天气和机械故障等原因造成航班不能按照原计划执行时，航空公司需要采取相应的措施对航班进行恢复。本文基于经典的资源指派模型，综合考虑了调整时间、换机、联程拉直、取消航班和调机5种恢复策略，提出一种以最小化加权成本为优化目标的航班恢复模型，并设计一种迭代局部搜索算法。首先用构造-修复启发式方法构造可行解，然后从该初始解出发，在飞机路线对的邻域中进行局部搜索。当陷入局部最优后，对解进行扰动，然后从扰动后的解重新出发进行局部搜索。为了提高搜索效率，同时降低陷入局部最优解的概率，局部搜索过程采用模拟退火算法。实例结果表明，本文提出的模型及算法能够在短时间内对受到影响的大规模航班计划进行恢复。     

Indoor levels of volatile organic compounds at Florentine museum environments in Italy

Indoor Air Quality monitoring in cultural institutions is of particular concern to protect these places and the cultural heritage content. An indoor monitoring campaign was performed in three museums in Florence (Italy) to determine the occurrence and levels of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). VOCs of interest included BTEX (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylenes), terpenes, aldehydes, organic acids, and cyclic volatile methyl siloxanes (cVMS). The most abundant VOCs in all samples analyzed were BTEX, which were strictly related to the traffic source, followed by siloxanes and terpenes. Among BTEX, toluene was always the most abundant followed by xylenes, ethylbenzene, and benzene. cVMS in exhibition rooms with the presence of visitors showed higher values compared to samples collected when the museums were closed. Terpenes showed not only the influence of vegetation-biogenic sources surrounding a museum but could also be related to the wood used for the construction of showcases and furniture and the use of cleaning products. Data obtained also showed the presence of organic acids and aldehydes whose source can be traced back to exhibits themselves and wood-based furniture. Assessing the levels of organic acids in museums is important because, over time, it can cause deterioration of the artifacts.     

基于津沽文化脉络的文创产品创新发展策略研究

类比故宫博物院等优秀文创产品产业化发展思路对津沽文化脉络进行文化传承元素的有效梳理，结合产业化发展的活态传承与保护形式，以文创产品设计为研究载体，带动城市文化创新发展与文化自信，间接促进社会经济发展。通过总结天津非物质文化遗产的特性和产业化发展现状，对比分析不同领域文创产品设计案例。以市场需求定位设计层级，建立在设计层级基础上的产品创新设计理念，从升级保护技术的角度拓展产业化发展思路，结合数字化营销模式，适应现今智能化时代需求。总结了非遗文创产品在层级设计指导下的历史与文化，以及在现代与未来概念下的文化传承创新发展方向。进一步带动了天津文化产业发展，促进文化产业的良性循环，为天津传统文化产业化发展提出了切实可行的创新理念。     

Solving a new multi-objective multi-route flexible flow line problem by multi-objective particle swarm optimization and NSGA-II

Mass production, meeting the increasing demands of the customers is a necessity. Such a production is mainly dependent on a factory manufacturing called flow line production. This paper deals with special type of production by the name of flexible manufacturing system, assuming the presence of multi processors in each station of a multi-station arrangement. The model debated in the paper possesses three objective functions, the first of which attempts to minimize the weighted delays. The second objective function tries to minimize the capital for the purchase of the processors at stations and the third objective function minimizes the capital dedicated to select the optimum processing route of parts. For the validation of the mathematical model, use has been made of NSAGAII and MOPSO approaches.