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1.
Dense pressure-sintered reaction-bonded Si3N4 (PSRBSN) ceramics were obtained by a hot-press sintering method. Precursor Si powders were prepared with Eu2O3–MgO–Y2O3 sintering additive. The addition of Eu2O3–MgO–Y2O3 was shown to promote full nitridation of the Si powder. The nitrided Si3N4 particles had an equiaxial morphology, without whisker formation, after the Si powders doped with Eu2O3–MgO–Y2O3 were nitrided at 1400 °C for 2 h. After hot pressing, the relative density, Vickers hardness, flexural strength, and fracture toughness of the PSRBSN ceramics, with 5 wt% Eu2O3 doping, were 98.3 ± 0.2%, 17.8 ± 0.8 GPa, 697.0 ± 67.0 MPa, and 7.3 ± 0.3 MPa m1/2, respectively. The thermal conductivity was 73.6 ± 0.2 W m?1 K?1, significantly higher than the counterpart without Eu2O3 doping, or with ZrO2 doping by conventional methods.  相似文献   
2.
《Ceramics International》2021,47(23):33106-33119
K9 optical glass is one of the typical components in optical systems. However, because of its poor fracture resistance, it is difficult to polish it with ultra-precision and high-efficiency and without any surface damage simultaneously. The emergence of the obliquely axial ultrasonic vibration-assisted polishing (UVAP) method can solve this problem which encounters in polishing efficiency and shape accuracy. However, due to the unclear material removal profile (MRP) mechanism, obliquely axial UVAP is not widely used in the processing field. This paper introduces the obliquely axial UVAP method in research processes, mainly focusing on the fixed point MRP analysis of the obliquely axial UVAP. Based on Hertz's contact theory, polishing pressure, the length of the semi-long axis (LLA) and the length of the semi-short axis (LSA) of the contact area are calculated under ultrasonic vibration conditions. Meanwhile, the relative linear velocity distribution of the oblique polishing tool in the instantaneous contact area is modeled by mathematical geometry method. A novel model of the MRP distribution for obliquely axial UVAP is proposed following the Preston equation. Subsequently, a series of polishing experiments were carried out to verify this model. The results show that the numerical model has good agreement with the experimental results on MRP, LLA, LSA, material removal depth and material removal rate (MRR). In addition, the material removal capability can be significantly improved by larger ultrasonic amplitude and larger oblique angle. This model not only more clearly elucidates the processing mechanism of obliquely axial UVAP, but also provides theoretical support for the polishing of free-form optical lenses.  相似文献   
3.
以广东部分山地丘陵为研究区域, 分析了数字高程模型AW3D30、SRTM3 V4.1和ASTER GDEM V3的高程精度。利用车载动态PPP技术对沿广州、惠州、韶关、清远约730 km的线路进行了数据采集, 并由CSRS-PPP定位服务系统解算得到动态点的WGS84坐标, 再通过重力场模型EIGEN-6C4将动态点的大地高转换为正常高, 最后对3种数字高程模型进行高程检核。结果表明: AW3D30、SRTM3 V4.1和ASTER GDEM V3的平均误差分别为0.55、0.17、1.59 m, 均方根误差分别为3.78、5.84、8.88 m。3种数字高程模型的平均误差在不同海拔区间差异明显, 其中AW3D30在不同海拔区间的平均误差振幅相对较小, 在2.18 m以内; SRTM3 V4.1的平均误差与海拔为负相关关系, 平均误差随着海拔的升高由正值逐渐转为负值; ASTER GDEM V3的平均误差在(0 m, 250 m]海拔区间为2 m左右, 在(250 m, 800 m]区间为-2.28 m。AW3D30的均方根误差与标准差整体上随着海拔的升高而减小, SRTM3 V4.1随着海拔的升高而增大, ASTER GDEM V3无显著规律, 在(100 m, 250 m]区间优于7.69 m, 在其余区间优于9.86 m。  相似文献   
4.
Deposition of amyloid β (Aβ) fibrils in the brain is a key pathologic hallmark of Alzheimer’s disease. A class of polyphenolic biflavonoids is known to have anti-amyloidogenic effects by inhibiting aggregation of Aβ and promoting disaggregation of Aβ fibrils. In the present study, we further sought to investigate the structural basis of the Aβ disaggregating activity of biflavonoids and their interactions at the atomic level. A thioflavin T (ThT) fluorescence assay revealed that amentoflavone-type biflavonoids promote disaggregation of Aβ fibrils with varying potency due to specific structural differences. The computational analysis herein provides the first atomistic details for the mechanism of Aβ disaggregation by biflavonoids. Molecular docking analysis showed that biflavonoids preferentially bind to the aromatic-rich, partially ordered N-termini of Aβ fibril via the π–π interactions. Moreover, docking scores correlate well with the ThT EC50 values. Molecular dynamic simulations revealed that biflavonoids decrease the content of β-sheet in Aβ fibril in a structure-dependent manner. Hydrogen bond analysis further supported that the substitution of hydroxyl groups capable of hydrogen bond formation at two positions on the biflavonoid scaffold leads to significantly disaggregation of Aβ fibrils. Taken together, our data indicate that biflavonoids promote disaggregation of Aβ fibrils due to their ability to disrupt the fibril structure, suggesting biflavonoids as a lead class of compounds to develop a therapeutic agent for Alzheimer’s disease.  相似文献   
5.
Growing interest in extracellular vesicles (EVs) has prompted the advancements of protocols for improved EV characterization. As a high-throughput, multi-parameter, and single particle technique, flow cytometry is widely used for EV characterization. The comparison of data on EV concentration, however, is hindered by the lack of standardization between different protocols and instruments. Here, we quantified EV counts of platelet-derived EVs, using two flow cytometers (Gallios and CytoFLEX LX) and nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA). Phosphatidylserine-exposing EVs were identified by labelling with lactadherin (LA). Calibration with silica-based fluorescent beads showed detection limits of 300 nm and 150 nm for Gallios and CytoFLEX LX, respectively. Accordingly, CytoFLEX LX yielded 40-fold higher EV counts and 13-fold higher counts of LA+CD41+ EVs compared to Gallios. NTA in fluorescence mode (F-NTA) demonstrated that only 9.5% of all vesicles detected in scatter mode exposed phosphatidylserine, resulting in good agreement of LA+ EVs for CytoFLEX LX and F-NTA. Since certain functional characteristics, such as the exposure of pro-coagulant phosphatidylserine, are not equally displayed across the entire EV size range, our study highlights the necessity of indicating the size range of EVs detected with a given approach along with the EV concentration to support the comparability between different studies.  相似文献   
6.
7.
砂卵石地层是一种典型的力学不稳定地层及强磨蚀性地层,盾构在该类地层中掘进通常会面临刀盘、刀具磨损严重,盾构推力与刀盘扭矩偏高且波动幅度大、地层变形不易控制等问题。砂卵石地层盾构掘进效率的高低及地层控制的好坏,刀盘选型及刀具配置是关键。以北京地铁新机场线“磁各庄站~1#风井”盾构区间为工程依托,利用PFC3D数值模拟及现场测试相结合的手段,研究刀盘开口率、刀具组合高差、先行刀刀间距等参数对盾构掘进效率及地层变形的影响。研究结果表明:相同掘进参数下大开口率辐条式刀盘比小开口率辐板式刀盘具有更好的掘进速度,小开口率辐板式刀盘掘进时引起的地表变形更小,对周围地层的扰动范围也更小;先行刀与切削刀的组合高差为70 mm时盾构掘进效率较高且扭矩较低;先行刀刀间距设定为300 mm时,盾构有较好的掘进效率和较低的刀盘扭矩。工程实践表明;要实现砂卵石地层盾构长距离高效掘进,大开口率辐条式刀盘设计及大高差梯次化刀具布置是基础,高贯入度、低转速的掘进控制是关键。研究结果可为类似工程的盾构刀盘选型与刀具布设提供借鉴。  相似文献   
8.
This work describes the procedure used to define the measurement uncertainties of horizontal two-phase air-water flow experiments conducted to determine influences due to pipe diameter on pressure gradient on such flows. These experiments were performed with 4 different pipe diameters, always using the same test section length, therefore varying the length-to-diameter (L/D) ratio. Several parameters were measured, such as volumetric/mass flow rate, pressures, temperatures and pressure drop; other parameters were calculated, such as the superficial velocities of each fluid, as well as their corresponding properties. The main parameters studied were the flow patterns for different velocity configurations and the two-phase pressure drop to be used for model improvement, thus the importance of uncertainties analysis. The sources of uncertainty were defined, detailed, systematically studied and quantified. Also, the reproducibility capacity of the experimental setups were analysed through the uncertainty analysis and proving them to be able for future similar studies. The flow maps with their uncertainties could help understand the thresholds for each defined flow pattern region, and the plots of two-phase pressure drop variation with diameter confirmed the homogeneous model as a possible approach to calculate pressure drop if the uncertainties are considered.  相似文献   
9.
输油泵机组作为管道输油系统的主要设备,其运行状态影响着油田正常的生产。传统的针对泵机组的“预防为主,计划检修”检修模式由于缺乏实时性、灵活性,已无法满足设备安全稳定运行的要求。基于这种缺陷,通过“预测性维修”的方式实时掌握输油泵组运行状态趋势能够及时察觉设备故障,为企业计划性备品备件、提高生产效率、确保生产安全提供有力保障。因此,本文提出了一种基于ARMA模型的输油泵振动特征值趋势预测方案。通过对某输油站车间输油泵进行在线监测,得到测点振动信号特征值的历史数据。使用历史时间数据进行建模,进行当前时间数据预测。通过实际数据与预测数据对比,发现ARMA模型可以较好地拟合输油泵振动信号特征值,满足当下预测趋势的需求。该方案较于其他传统趋势预测方法准确率高、计算迅速、易于理解,填补了输油泵振动信号趋势预测方面的空白。  相似文献   
10.
为提高压电泵的输出性能,设计了一种新型轴向出流的单腔有阀压电泵。泵体结构主要由3部分构成,即固定压电振子的上盖、带有腔体结构和被动截止阀的中间体及起压紧和密封作用的下盖。轴向出流的单腔压电泵的结构是将进口阀安装在圆柱形腔体的中心位置,保证进口管的轴线与压电振子垂直,出口阀安装在泵腔外,通过导流槽与泵腔连接,形成轴向进出流方式。将轴向出流的单腔压电泵和早期设计的侧向出流压电泵进行输出性能测试,试验发现,在低频工作阶段,侧向出流的单腔压电泵输出效果要略高于轴向出流,在高频工作阶段,后者要高于前者,而在整个40~400 Hz测试范围内,后者输出的液体压力都要高于前者。  相似文献   
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