复凝聚法制备鱼油微胶囊工艺研究

以鱼油作为芯材,壳聚糖(Ch)和大豆分离蛋白(SPI)作为壁材,采用复凝聚法制备鱼油微胶囊。采用单因素实验考察均质速度、pH、芯壁比、壁材总质量分数、SPI溶液与Ch溶液体积比及固化时间对鱼油微胶囊包埋效果的影响,在此基础上,采用正交实验对工艺条件进行优化。结果表明:最佳工艺条件为均质速度8 000 r/min、pH 7. 0、壁材总质量分数2. 5%、SPI溶液与Ch溶液体积比7∶3、芯壁比1∶3、固化时间4 h;在最佳工艺条件下,鱼油微胶囊包埋率为90. 21%,包埋效率为99. 04%,表面油含量为4. 87%。通过不同温度下过氧化值变化和气味分析,表明微胶囊化能显著延缓鱼油氧化,同时有效地弱化鱼油的气味。     

茉莉微胶囊的热失重及其对卷烟纸热裂解产物的影响

采用热失重分析仪及热裂解-气相色谱/质谱联用仪对自制茉莉微胶囊及微胶囊卷烟纸进行热失重和热裂解产物分析。结果表明,微胶囊在235℃以上发生主要质量损失,囊芯物质从壁材分解的孔洞中逐步释放出来,整个质量损失过程比较平缓,未出现突释;茉莉微胶囊卷烟纸热裂解产物以易挥发的小分子醛类、酮类化合物为主,随裂解温度的升高,其热裂解产物在600℃时增加明显,而在900℃时增幅不如空白卷烟纸。茉莉微胶囊卷烟纸在300℃时裂解产生具有茉莉特征的二氢茉莉酮酸甲酯,对卷烟烟气成分和感官质量产生一定的影响。     

Microencapsulation of oil soluble polyaspartic acid ester and isophorone diisocyanate and their application in self-healing anticorrosive epoxy resin

Isocyanate and amine solution are microencapsulated, respectively, via in situ polymerization to realize the self-healing function in epoxy matrix. First, the isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) microcapsules prepared with different core/shell ratios, emulsifier dosages and emulsification rates are characterized by field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM). They exhibit integral spherical shape when the core/shell ratio is 3:1 and emulsifier concentration is 2.52 wt %, and the diameter of IPDI microcapsules ranged from 2.66 μm to 11.25 μm is manufactured by adjusting emulsification rate over the range of 3000–9000 rpm. Besides, during the microencapsulation of polyaspartic acid ester (PAE), urea, tung oil, as well as aqueous isocyanate are proposed to improve the stability of PAE emulsion. SEM and FTIR results reveal that aqueous isocyanate can react with partial PAE and form polyurea (PU) layer to take protection effectively. Further, IPDI-PAE dual microcapsules are incorporated into epoxy coatings, the self-healing and anticorrosion performance of coatings with various amounts of microcapsules are investigated systematically. It was found that the degree of repair and anticorrosion are increased with increasing microcapsules loading, and the appropriate amount of microcapsules addition is 15 wt %, which corresponding to 93% repair efficiency. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2020 , 137, 48478.     

微型胶囊在模拟肠道中的受力模型及流固耦合仿真

对胶囊在黏性液体环境下的受力进行了理论分析,研究了不同尺寸头部分别为圆形、椭圆形的磁驱胶囊在肠道环境中流固耦合作用下的动力特性。采用COMSOL分析了肠道动力黏度、肠道尺寸、胶囊外形3因素对胶囊运动受力影响,肠道壁模型基于力学性能相近原则,采用超弹性固体材料。进行了多因素、多水平的数值模拟试验。结果显示:在同水平的动力黏度和肠道内壁尺寸参数下,椭圆形较圆形胶囊的头部压力平均降低了12.8%。     

二硫代焦磷酸酯微胶囊阻燃PVA纤维的制备及性能

采用原位聚合的方法制备了以新戊二醇二硫代焦磷酸酯(DDPS)为核、三聚氰胺甲醛树脂(MF)为壳的阻燃微胶囊(MDDPS),分别将DDPS和MDDPS无卤阻燃剂与聚乙烯醇(PVA)共混纺丝,制备了无卤阻燃PVA纤维;表征了MDDPS的结构及形貌,研究了纯PVA纤维、DDPS/PVA纤维、MDDPS/PVA纤维的力学性能、阻燃性能、热稳定性、燃烧前后的形貌。结果表明:微胶囊MDDPS的平均粒径增大至7.82μm,仍能满足共混纺丝要求;DDPS及MDDPS的加入,PVA纤维力学性能下降;MDDPS/PVA纤维阻燃性能较好,极限氧指数达31.3%,燃烧时膨胀较为明显,且600℃时残炭率达到19.1%,炭层较为致密,有气泡产生,释放不燃性气体阻止了燃烧。     

丙烯酸在石蜡微胶囊制备中的应用

以甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)、丙烯酸(AA)和石蜡为原料,采用悬浮聚合法制备了石蜡/P(MMA-co-AA)相变储能微胶囊。研究了MMA与AA加入比例、油相与水相质量比等因素对石蜡微胶囊芯材含量等的影响,利用扫描量热仪(DSC)、电子显微镜(SEM)表征了所制备石蜡微胶囊的热性能、形貌等。结果表明:AA加入比例过大时,微胶囊易结块,不易形成微胶囊,微胶囊轮廓呈球形,其相变温度为27.21℃,相变潜热为81.58 J/g,芯材含量达到72.32%。     

石蜡－密胺树脂微胶囊相变材料制备与表征

研究中采用了正十八烷石蜡相变材料（ PCM）芯材,密胺树脂作为囊壁材料,用原位聚合法制备成微胶囊材料。通过改变芯材和囊壁材料的质量比,探讨了微胶囊制备过程中O／W乳化液的相稳定性,并采用SEM, FT－IR,粒度分析仪和DSC对微胶囊的形态及性能进行表征。结果表明芯材增大O／W乳化液的相稳定性下降,微胶囊数量平均粒径和体积平均粒径均减小,当芯材和囊壁材料的质量比（ Core／Shell）为1．5：1时,微胶囊表面光滑致密,平均粒径为3．6μm,相变焓为98．6 MJ／mg。