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1.
Waste glass powder was used as a low cost precursor for production of colloidal nanosilica for the first time. The process includes production of wet silica gel and thermal peptization of the wet gel. Purification of the glass powder and wet gel production were initiated by acid washing. The obtained powder was reacted with sodium hydroxide to produce wet silica gel. Type of the applied acid was examined in one factor at a time route. Temperature of the alkaline step and concentrations of the applied acid and base were investigated using Taguchi design of experiments. After finding the best combination of the investigated factor levels in production of the wet gel, time of the stabilization in thermal peptization was studied. Characterizations of the wet gel and colloidal silica were performed by XRF, DLS, FESEM, TEM, FTIR and N2 sorption evaluation. Accordingly pure and stable colloidal nanosilica (98.50%) with average particle size of 21.9?nm was produced from the glass powder successfully. Specific surface area of the dried porous optimum sample was 83.63?m2/g.  相似文献   
2.
Presence of filler in an elastomeric composite can affect curing characteristics due to possible interaction with curing agents. Alteration of the curing characteristics can change intrinsic properties of elastomer including its bulk density and swelling behavior. In this study, a series of acrylonitrile butadiene rubber (NBR) with various curing levels was prepared. From the experimental data the bulk density and network molecular weight (Mc,sw) were specified and a relationship was established between these parameters. In order to determine the swelling characteristics of NBR in presence of filler, another series of NBR/silica nanocomposites was prepared with various nanosilica loadings under a constant content of curing agents and curing conditions. With the use of the swelling data and applying the obtained relationship, the Mc,sw and bulk density of the filled NBR matrix were resolved. The Mc,sw values obtained by considering the influence of nanosilica on curing characteristics of NBR were compared with those obtained simply based on bulk density of raw rubber. This comparison confirmed that there are considerable differences between these values. With increasing nanosilica contents, and hence, increasing the negative impact of the filler on reducing curing degree of NBR, the bulk density of filled NBR matrix was decreased. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018 , 135, 46170.  相似文献   
3.
In this study, we report the fabrication of supramolecular polymer nanocomposite foams with a uniform cell structure, high cell density and high expansion ratio using a soft matrix of poly(methyl acrylate‐co‐2‐hydroxyethyl methacrylate) and silica nanoparticle fillers, both functionalized with ureido‐pyrimidinone (UPy) supramolecular groups. Microcellular structures were formed using a batch foaming process at 90 °C under a 9 MPa nitrogen atmosphere. Nanocomposites were characterized and compared before and after the foaming process to investigate the effect of supramolecular interactions on the thermomechanical properties and morphology of the foams. TEM images revealed that while strong inter‐filler supramolecular interactions do not have a positive effect on their dispersion state, matrix?filler interactions derived from hydrogen bonding UPy motifs result in a rather uniform distribution of nanoparticles. Competing filler?filler and matrix?filler supramolecular interactions can be balanced and optimized by adjusting UPy populations along the chains and on the surface of nanoparticles. At a given chain functionality, increasing the nanoparticle loading up to an optimum concentration improves the mechanical properties and formability of the system. Above such concentration strong interactions between fillers, which are not compensated by the matrix, result in large aggregates and consequently undermine the material performance. Supramolecular polymer foams illustrate a similar thermal and viscoelastic behavior to that of neat samples but after foaming, due to the formation of a cellular structure and rearrangement or dissociation of UPy dimers under the foaming conditions, the elastic modulus is reduced. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry  相似文献   
4.
《Ceramics International》2017,43(14):11318-11323
Colloidal nanosilica was prepared from perlite in two stages: production of wet gel and thermal peptization. The influence of acidic and alkaline solutions concentration, temperature and pH of the gel were investigated in wet gel production using Taguchi design of experiments. Effect of the temperature of the peptization process was studied by full factorial design. The purity of the obtained silica gel was analyzed using X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and the colloidal silica was characterized by dynamic laser scattering (DLS), field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) and N2 sorption analyses. Results showed that pure colloidal nanosilica with purity of 99% was produced and the particle size of the product was in the range of 8 nm and 74 nm. Specific surface area of dried optimized mesoporous sample was 74.28 m2/g.  相似文献   
5.
In this work, flame retardant systems comprising ammonium polyphosphate (AP423) and hydrophilic (A200) or hydrophobic (R805) nanometric silica were incorporated into PMMA. The following techniques were performed to detail the fire behaviour of the composites: mass loss cone calorimetry, pyrolysis‐combustion flow calorimetry, pyrolysis‐gas chromatography–mass spectrometry, thermogravimetric analysis, X‐ray diffraction analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and microscopic observations. The best fire behaviour was obtained with the surface‐treated silica in the presence of AP423. The formation of a new crystalline phase from the interactions between AP423 and R805 silica and a strong barrier effect due to a layered residue were the main modes of action of this system. Moreover, we have shown that the difference between the AP423 + R805 and AP423 + A200 systems was due to poor dispersion of the silica into the PMMA matrix in the latter formulation. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   
6.
Hydroxy teminated polybutadiene (HTPB) was grafted onto the surface of nanosilica particles via toluene di‐isocyanate (TDI) bridging to reduce filler–filler interactions and improve dispersion of nanosilica in rubber. Also, this prepolymer as modifier contains double bonds which participate in sulfur curing of styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) matrix to enhance filler/polymer interaction and reinforcement effects of silica. The reactions were characterized by titration and Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy. Thermogravimetric analysis was utilized to evaluate the weight percentage of grafted TDI and HTPB. About 60% of the hydroxyl sites of silica were reacted with excess TDI in the first reaction. In the second reaction, HTPB as desired reactive coating was grafted on the functionalized nanosilica to constitute about 24 wt % of the final modified silica. The sedimentation experiments showed good suspension stability for the modified nanosilica in the organic media. Scanning electron microscopy revealed nanoscale dispersion of modified silica aggregates in the SBR matrix at concentration of about 14 phr. Also, vulcanization characteristics and mechanical properties of compounds demonstrated that HTPB grafting improved dispersion of nanosilica as well as its interaction to the rubber matrix as an efficient reinforcement. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011  相似文献   
7.
通过原位聚合和界面改性,制备出SiO2含量0phr~20phr(质量份数)的纳米SiO2/聚(癸二酸-丙三醇-柠檬酸)酯复合材料,并研究了其结构与性能。力学性能测试结果表明,改性纳米SiO2对弹性体表现出了优异的补强效果,拉伸强度可从0.9MPa提高到5.3MPa;扫描电镜(SEM)和透射电镜(TEM)表明,SiO2以纳米网络状态分散于基体中,与基体间界面结合良好;X射线衍射(XRD)谱图从分子短程相互作用的角度反映出SiO2的存在不利于有序结构的生成;差示扫描量热(DSC)曲线显示,随SiO2含量增加,材料的Tg向低温方向移动;降解性能测试表明,SiO2的加入有助于调节材料的降解速度。  相似文献   
8.
采用原位表面修饰纳米SiO2补强乳聚丁苯橡胶(ESBR),借助修饰界面与基体作用力的差异,分析了原位表面修饰纳米SiO2对ESBR的补强机理,以及由此引起复合材料力学性能、硫化加工、动态力学性能的变化。实验表明,可反应性纳米SiO2RNS-D对ESBR力学性能具有更好的补强效果;这是因为与可分散性纳米SiO2DNS-2相比,RNS-D表面修饰的双键表现出较强的反应活性,其强劲的界面结合作用和密集的交联结构提高了RNS-D的补强作用,界面作用力的差异也深刻地影响着硫化体系的加工和动态力学性能。  相似文献   
9.
Generally ionic liquids have gained increasing attention in organic synthesis as catalyst and solvent. However, there are some drawbacks, including the difficulties in the product purification, ionic liquid recycling, and use of excess amounts of the expensive ionic liquid when the ionic liquid is used in the organic reactions. In addition, the high viscosity of ionic liquids can lead to mass transfer limitations in fast chemical reactions. These problems can be overcome by the use of supported ionic liquid phases. In this article, a simple, efficient and green method has been developed for the synthesis of bisphenolic antioxidants by the reaction of 2-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol and aldehydes in the presence of nanosilica supported dual acidic ionic liquid (NSSDAIL) as robust and reusable catalyst under solvent-free conditions. Three different NSSDAILs were synthesized and characterized using SEM, BET, IR, and XRD techniques. High yields of the products, short reaction times, use of a non corrosive, non toxic and reusable catalyst, and use of solvent-free condition are the worthwhile advantages of the current method.  相似文献   
10.
为降低纳米SiO2的制备成本,以稻壳为原料,经盐酸预处理、高温燃烧,成功制得了高纯纳米SiO2.通过正交实验和BP神经网络系统研究盐酸体积分数、燃烧温度和燃烧时间的变化对SiO2纯度的影响规律,并采用XRD、FT-IR、BET及FE-SEM对所得到的SiO2样品进行表征.研究表明:影响SiO2纯度的主次因素依次为燃烧温...  相似文献   
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