Improved rheological properties and stability of multiwalled carbon nanotubes/polymer in harsh environment

This work aims to improve the rheological properties and stability of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs)/acrylamide (AA) base skeleton polymer blends at harsh environment of high salinity-high temperature (HS-HT) or various pH. Different co/terpolymers have been accomplished to modify the structure of AA polymer by free-radical copolymerization of AA-based monomers. Anionic, cationic, and hydrophobic functional groups were used for the synthesis of polyelectrolyte, polyampholytic, and partially hydrophobic AA polymer types. The conversion, molecular weight, and poly dispersity of co/terpolymers have been evaluated by nuclear magnetic resonance (¹H-NMR), gel permeation chromatography, and differential scanning calorimetry analysis. The effects of sonication power, concentration of polymer, and concentration of MWCNTs were also investigated on rheological behavior of co/terpolymers. The results show that negative polyelectrolyte and polyampholytic polymers are the best candidates for the improvement of MWCNTs/polymer stability and viscosity at HS-HT and alkali environment, respectively. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019 , 136, 47205.     

Controlled Secure Direct Communication Protocol via the Three-Qubit Partially Entangled Set of States

In this paper, we first re-examine the previous protocol of controlled quantum secure direct communication of Zhang et al.’s scheme, which was found insecure under two kinds of attacks, fake entangled particles attack and disentanglement attack. Then, by changing the party of the preparation of cluster states and using unitary operations, we present an improved protocol which can avoid these two kinds of attacks. Moreover, the protocol is proposed using the three-qubit partially entangled set of states. It is more efficient by only using three particles rather than four or even more to transmit one bit secret information. Given our using state is much easier to prepare for multiqubit states and our protocol needs less measurement resource, it makes this protocol more convenient from an applied point of view.     

Numerical Study on the Morphology of a Re-Ignited Laminar Partially Premixed Flame with a Co-Axial Pilot Flame

Re-ignited partially premixed flame(PPF)is a quite extensive flame type in real applications,which is directly relevant to the local and global extinction and re-ignition phenomenon.The authors designed a model burner to establish laminar re-ignited PPFs.Numerical simulations were carried out to reveal the morphology of laminar re-ignited PPF.Based on the distributions of temperature,heat release and radicals,the morphologies of re-ignited flames were explored.W-shaped flames were formed under pilot-lean conditions.Line-shaped and y-shaped flames were formed under pilot-rich conditions.Both w-shaped and y-shaped flames had a triple-flame structure.The re-ignited flames can stand beyond the rich flammability limit.Additionally,OH distributions indicated both pilot flame and re-ignited flame well as it rapidly increased near the flame front.OH concentration did not increase visibly while CH2O concentration mildly increased during the mild re-ignition process in the pre-zone of the re-ignited PPF.According to the results of 0-D simulations using closed homogeneous reactor,both OH and CH2O reduced ignition time significantly.The results of this work are helpful for understanding re-ignited PPF more closely.     

Interactions between hybrid nanosized particles and convection melting inside an enclosure with partially active walls: 2D lattice Boltzmann-based numerical investigation

The ice melting is investigated inside a square cavity with two isothermally partially active walls. The concept of dispersing hybrid alumina–Cu nanoparticles and hybrid silica–multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) nanoparticles is recommended for thermal performance enhancement in this thermal energy storage (TES) system. The two-dimensional explicit lattice Boltzmann convection melting scheme in the single-phase model is applied to account for the natural convection flow induced in the melt region and evolution of the solid–liquid interface. The complete melting time for the pure phase change material (PCM) using case (II) is 33.3% lower compared with other cases. If the price of hybrid Al₂O₃–Cu nanoparticles and heat storage capacity is important, the full melt time diminishes by 16.6% with a volume fraction of 0.01 in case (II). Once hybrid silica–MWCNT nanoparticles with a volume fraction of 0.01 are utilized inside case (II), the lowest charging time is achieved. The complete melting time abates by 23.66% in contrast to the pure PCM melting. The use of single/hybrid nanoparticles to enhance the PCM melting is not necessarily economical as efficient positions of active parts could further lessen the charging time. The efficiency of hybrid nanoparticles is linked to the type and weight proportions of nanoparticles, and positions of thermally active parts.     

Young’s modulus evolution during heating,re-sintering and cooling of partially sintered alumina ceramics

The Young modulus of partially and fully sintered alumina ceramics, obtained by firing to different temperatures (range 1200–1600°C), has been determined via impulse excitation, and the evolution of Young’s modulus of partially sintered alumina with temperature has been monitored from room temperature to 1600°C. As expected, the room-temperature Young modulus of the partially sintered materials is lower than all theoretical predictions. With increasing temperature Young’s modulus decreases, until the original firing temperature is exceeded and sintering (densification) continues, resulting in a steep Young’s modulus increase. During heating and cooling the temperature dependence obeys a master curve for alumina, unless the temperature of the original firing is excessively low.     

无背索部分斜拉桥初始索力优化

在分析斜拉桥索力影响矩阵的基础上,以结构应变能最小为目标函数,建立了无背索部分斜拉桥索力优化模型,结合某旅游路立交桥进行索力优化分析,得出了一些具有一定参考价值的建议。     

初始几何缺陷对钢框架柱性能的影响(Ⅱ):参数分析

在钢框架二阶弹性分析中,结构整体初始几何缺陷和构件的初始几何缺陷是实际存在的,其影响不可忽略。通过平面子结构理论模型进行参数分析,结果证明,对于弱支撑钢框架柱,结构的整体几何缺陷和构件几何缺陷对弯矩的影响均可以等效为作用于楼层处的假想水平力,假想水平力是作用于该楼层的竖向荷载的函数。     

未打穿竖向排水井地基固结理论

研究了单面排水条件下未打穿竖向排水井地基的固结问题,通过在排水井底面以下土层中设置虚拟排水井,得到了能考虑该土层三维渗流的解析解,这也是迄今与实际情况最接近的未打穿排水井地基固结解。根据所得解编制了计算程序,分析了未打穿竖向排水井地基的固结性状。并基于此解,对现有相关近似计算方法和解作了较完整的比较和讨论。     

火荷载下沉管隧道结构的热-力耦合分析

以上海外环线越江沉管隧道为背景,用有限元程序模拟火荷载作用下沉管隧道结构温度场及应力场,并将计算结果与试验数据对比分析,从而确定最佳的分析模型和边界条件,为该领域的研究提供参考依据。根据沉管隧道的结构形式及其特点建立有限元分析模型;参考隧道火灾的试验资料和研究成果确定模型边界条件;通过分析选取合理的混凝土和周围土体的本构模型;分析时还考虑到混凝土热工参数随温度的变化。通过对火灾时沉管隧道不同温度量级的稳态温度场和瞬态温度场分析,得出温度随空间和时间的变化规律,并把分析结果与试验结果进行对比分析。分别进行常温下和火灾时沉管隧道的热-力耦合分析,从而更直观地了解温度场对应力场的影响,得出沉管隧道各个部位在火灾发生时的应力分布情况以及随着不同温度量级的变化规律,以便更有效地为优化设计和防火救灾提供理论指导。最后根据计算结果,结合大量的隧道火灾资料总结火灾时隧道内部的温度场及应力场的危险区域。     

由一例桩基工程质量事故引起的思考

沉管灌注桩因其工效高、造价低而在桩基工程中得到广泛应用,但在实际工程应用中,还存在一些问题.本文结合工程实例,简述了质量监督部门在桩基监督过程中值得思考的一些问题.