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1.
张明 《中国矿业》2021,30(S1):46-49
随着神东煤炭老龄化速度加快退休人员数量增加,如何将退休人员管理服务方式由企业转向社会化管理服务,是神东煤炭近两年国企改革工作的重点。本文回顾了神东煤炭集团退休人员社会化管理工作探索和实践过程,以及期间存在的工作量大、缺失党员资料补齐难、档案接收标准高等问题。按照各地政策,神东煤炭提出了先易后难的移交对策;2020年12月底,基本完成了存量退休人员社会化管理移交工作,包括完成了存量退休人员管理职能、人事档案移交,完成了属地党员组织关系转接。企业、政府及退休人员三方均得到受益。  相似文献   
2.
Hotel housekeepers represent a large, low-income, predominantly minority, and high-risk workforce. Little is known about their exposure to chemicals, including volatile organic compounds (VOCs). This study evaluates VOC exposures of housekeepers, sources and factors affecting VOC levels, and provides preliminary estimates of VOC-related health risks. We utilized indoor and personal sampling at two hotels, assessed ventilation, and characterized the VOC composition of cleaning agents. Personal sampling of hotel staff showed a total target VOC concentration of 57 ± 36 µg/m3 (mean ± SD), about twice that of indoor samples. VOCs of greatest health significance included chloroform and formaldehyde. Several workers had exposure to alkanes that could cause non-cancer effects. VOC levels were negatively correlated with estimated air change rates. The composition and concentrations of the tested products and air samples helped identify possible emission sources, which included building sources (for formaldehyde), disinfection by-products in the laundry room, and cleaning products. VOC levels and the derived health risks in this study were at the lower range found in the US buildings. The excess lifetime cancer risk (average of 4.1 × 10−5) still indicates a need to lower exposure by reducing or removing toxic constituents, especially formaldehyde, or by increasing ventilation rates.  相似文献   
3.
Household fine particulate matter (PM2.5) pollution greatly impacts residents' health. To explore the current national situation of household PM2.5 pollution in China, a study was conducted based on literature published from 1998 to 2018. After extracting data from the literature in conformity with the requirements, the nationwide household-weighted mean concentration of household PM2.5 (HPL) was calculated. Subgroup analyses of spatial, geographic, and temporal differences were also done. The estimated overall HPL in China was 132.2 ± 117.7 μg/m3. HPL in the rural area (164.3 ± 104.5 μg/m3) was higher than that in the urban area (123.9 ± 122.3 μg/m3). For HPLs of indoor sampling sites, the kitchen was the highest, followed by the bedroom and living room. There were significant differences of geographic distributions. The HPLs in the South were higher than the North in four seasons. The inhaled dose of household PM2.5 among school-age children differed from provinces with the highest dose up to 5.9 μg/(kg·d). Countermeasures should be carried out to reduce indoor pollution and safeguard health urgently.  相似文献   
4.
个人信息因其自身携带隐私特性,与每个个体息息相关。个人信息保护不当,影响公众权益、企业利益以及社会秩序。在互联网、大数据、5G万物互联的时代,个人信息被广泛收集和使用,必须妥善解决个人信息保护问题,才能保障整个数据产业健康发展。而现有的个人信息保护方法或技术,不足以应对新形势下的保护诉求。基于数据运营安全的个人信息保护,针对当前个人信息保护的新形势和新诉求,提出结合人工智能,通过数据运营安全对结构化、半结构化、非结构化的个人信息流动的保护,涵盖从生产到运维,从采集、传输、存储、处理、分析、共享、销毁全生命周期保护,深入数据运营中内嵌防护,同时与业务解耦,达到保护个人信息安全的目标。  相似文献   
5.
针对基于可穿戴设备的跌倒检测存在的实时性与准确性无法兼得的问题,提出一种阈值和极端随机树融合的实时跌倒检测方法。在该方法中,可穿戴设备只需计算阈值量,无需确保跌倒检测的准确率,从而减少了计算量;同时,上位机利用极端随机树算法确保了跌倒检测的准确率。可穿戴设备通过阈值的方法过滤了大部分日常动作,因此减少了上位机检测的动作数据量。这样一来所提方法既满足了跌倒检测的高准确率,又满足了实时性。另外,为了降低跌倒检测的假阳性率,可穿戴设备融合了姿态角度传感器和压力传感器,上位机中加入了反馈机制。当检测结果出现假阳性时,通过上位机将检测错误的样本加入非跌倒数据集中进行再训练,模型经过这样的不断学习会生成适合个人的报警模型,且这种反馈机制为降低跌倒检测的假阳性率提供了新思路。实验结果表明,在1 259个测试样本中,所提方法具有平均99.7%的准确率,最低0.08%的假阳性率。  相似文献   
6.
Eco-driving has been proposed as an approach to significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions arising from personal automobile use. Eco-driving is the adoption of a measured driving style, minimising unnecessary breaking and aggressive acceleration. Eco-driving can be seen as a low cost and immediate approach to emission reduction as it involves the modification of drivers’ behaviours as opposed to the development and implementation of newer, more efficient technology. Despite the proposed benefits of eco-driving, numerous challenges are faced in order to encourage the adoption of these behaviours and maintain them long term. This narrative review presents the concept of eco-driving, with a focus on the long-term maintenance of these behaviours, including training programmes and feedback devices. It is clear within current literature that, despite the economic and environmental benefits of adopting eco-driving, drivers require feedback on their actions in order to promote long-term, behavioural, change.  相似文献   
7.
通过对矿山救援现状的了解,发现其中存在的问题和隐患,并制定有效且适用的维护救护队员安全的解决措施,提高救援安全性,维护救援队员的人身安全,并为救援及相关人员提供参考和借鉴。  相似文献   
8.
Studies on color preferences are dependent on the topic and the relationships with personal characteristics, particularly personality, but these are seldom studied in one population. Therefore a questionnaire was collected from 1095 Dutch people asking for color preferences about different topics and relating them to personal characteristics. Color preferences regarding different topics show different patterns and significant differences were found between gender, age, education and personality such as being technical, being emotional or being a team player. Also, different colors were mentioned when asked for colors that stimulate to be quiet, energetic, and able to focus or creative. Probably, due to unconsciousness of contexts, many people had no color preference, a result that in the literature seldom is mentioned. Blue was the overall favorite color; however, most males chose for blue (25%) while most females had no color preference (18%). Black was the overall favorite color for clothing, mainly chosen by females (40%), while males primarily chose blue (27%). For building interiors subjects preferred white. For moods, subjects preferred white for being quiet or being able to focus, red for being energetic and had no color preference for being creative. It is concluded that color preferences are dependent upon the topic, and personal characteristics. The findings are important for architects, interior designers, fashion designers and product designers to have a basic idea of preferred colors for different objects by different types of people. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Col Res Appl, 40, 62–71, 2015  相似文献   
9.
随着电子客票和生物特征安检的发展,民航业务系统保存了大量旅客信息,这些信息为“智慧民航”发展奠定了数字基础,但同时也给民航的数据安全保护带来了新的挑战。为解决内部人员恶意或无意泄露旅客信息的情况,文章提出在内部人员访问旅客信息时,采用泛化FPE加密方式对旅客敏感信息进行实时脱敏,在保留旅客信息原始格式特征的基础上,确保旅客信息安全。实验结果表明,该方法可以高效、安全地处理旅客信息查询请求,从而在满足内部人员查询旅客信息的同时,保证旅客信息的安全。  相似文献   
10.
An increasing fraction of volatile organic compounds (VOC) emissions come from the domestic use of solvents, contained within myriad commonplace consumer products. Emission rates are often poorly characterized and depend significantly on individual behavior and specific product formulation and usage. Time-concentration profiles of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) arising from the use of a representative selection of personal care products (PCPs) during showering are generated, and person-to-person variability in emissions calculated. A panel of 18 participants used a standardized set of products, dosages, and application times during showering in a controlled indoor bathroom setting. Proton transfer mass spectrometry was used to measure the in-room VOC evolution of limonene (representing the sum of monoterpenes), benzyl alcohol, and ethanol. The release of VOCs had reproducible patterns between users, but noticeable variations in absolute peak concentrations, despite identical amounts of material being used. The amounts of VOC emitted to air for one showering activity were as follows: limonene (1.77 mg ± 42%), benzyl alcohol (1.07 mg ± 41%), and ethanol (0.33 mg ± 78%). Real-world emissions to air were between 1.3 and 11 times lower than bottom-up estimates based on dynamic headspace measurements of product emissions rates, likely a result of PCPs being washed away before VOC evaporation could occur.  相似文献   
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