Initial stages of tin electrodeposition from sulfate baths in the presence of gluconate

Tin electrodeposition in its initial stages in acid sulfate/gluconate baths was studied with varying tin and gluconate concentrations using potential-controlled electrochemical techniques. The deposit morphology was observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). A comparison with tin electrodeposition from acid sulfate baths in the absence of gluconate was also carried out. Use of a highly acidic bath leads to nonuniform deposits, even in the presence of gluconate; at pH 4 deposits are uniform, brilliant and suitable for finishing applications. Tin crystallites have a well defined morphology which depends on bath agitation conditions. In the absence of agitation, the crystallites have the same tetragonal shape as in a sulfate bath without gluconate.     

Reserve estimation of an open pit mine under price uncertainty by real option approach

Reserve estimation is a key to find the correct NPV in a mining project. The most important factor in reserve estimation is the metal price. Metal price fluctuations in recent years were exaggerated, and imposed a high degree of uncertainty to the re-serve estimation, and in consequence to the whole mine planning procedure. Real option approach is an efficient method of deci-sion making in the uncertain conditions. This approach has been used for evaluation of defined natural resources projects until now. This study considering the metal price uncertainty used real option approach to prepare a methodology for reserve estimation in open pit mines. This study was done on a copper cylindrical deposit, but the achieved methodology can be adjusted for all kinds of deposits. This methodology was comprehensively described through the examples in such a manner that can be used by the mine planners.     

广西镇龙山金（银）矿的构造控制特征

本文阐述了广西镇龙山金（银）矿化集中区内主要断裂构造的基本特征,并指出,其中规模较大的,与矿化关系较密切的主要是近ＥＷ向,次为近ＳＮ向断裂,它们组合成线状,交叉状和放射状断裂带,并严格控制着区内岩浆岩、矿化带、矿脉、矿体和“富矿包“的空间展布。这对找矿评价和预测盲矿体都具有实际意义。     

化学清防蜡剂在江汉油田的应用和展望

化学清防蜡剂现场操作工艺简单、方便，清防蜡效果好，效益高。根据化学清防蜡剂作用机理及化学清防蜡剂在油田具体应用情况，对今后化学清防蜡剂在油田的应用作了展望。     

吉尔吉斯马平528井钻井液技术

马平528井地层沉积为陆相古河道沉积，沉积岩以碎屑岩和泥岩为主，地层组成及岩性较为复杂，尤其是在该地层进行水平井施工，对钻井液体系及其各项性能参数提出了比常规水平井更高的要求。根据地层易坍塌、可钻性差、钻时慢、起下钻频繁、井眼浸泡时间长等特点，该井采用了强抑制性聚合醇润滑防塌钻井液体系，现场通过合理调整钻井液密度及其它性能参数，满足了水平井段的钻井施工要求。     

下向分层胶结充填采矿法在招远金矿的应用

本文介绍了在招远金矿灵山五号脉进行下向分层进路回采胶结充填采矿法的试验情况,着重论述了这种采矿方法的适应条件和回采工艺的特点,并对其技术经济指标和经济效益作了初步分析。     

江汉盆地盐类矿产的富集规律及找矿方向浅析

江汉盆地白垩—第三系由两大沉积成盐旋回组成,主要含盐层位均位于沉积成盐旋回的中偏上部。控盆断裂的差异性活动,导致了盆地的沉积中心由西向东迁移。盆内断裂将盆地分割成若干个凹陷区和凸起区。根据凹陷特征和所处部位,将其分为三种类型(盆内深凹、盆内浅凹和盆边凹陷),不同类型的凹陷具有不同的成矿特点。盆内凹陷大多是受主干断裂控制的不对称凹陷,其矿物相带的分布也往往表现为靠近主干断裂一侧的偏心环状,这种沉积相模式对在凹陷的不同部位寻找不同的盐类矿产具有一定的指示意义。根据盐类聚集规律,江汉盆地的进一步找盐方向是:1.盆内深凹是找钾有利地段;2.盆内浅凹与盆内深凹过渡带是无水芒硝成矿有利区;3.盆内浅凹缓坡带及宽缓低凸起区是寻找自然硫的重要靶区。     

纸板生产过程胶粘物的控制

介绍了纸板生产中常见的胶粘物的类型、沉积部位以及由此产生的生产及质量问题,并提出了解决方法.     

探讨地下卤水净化实现岩盐矿床选择性开采

文章针时目前卤水净化工艺需要投入大量资金建设，并且还不能连续生产等弊端．通过室内岩样净化试验总结，提出了开展卤井试验有关要素及探讨将卤水净化转入地下，实现岩盐矿床选择性开采工艺．     

机械浆中胶体树脂沉积行为及影响因素

以脂肪酸、树脂酸、甘油三脂为模型物，研究了不同树脂组分、pH值、钙离子和温度对树脂沉积行为的影响，以及在钙离子存在下pH值对酸性组分沉积物组成的影响。结果表明，无钙离子存在时，低pH值时树脂沉积较严重，随pH值的升高，沉积趋势降低；钙离子的存在，加剧了树脂的沉积。pH值是影响酸性组分形成钙皂的关键因素，低pH值时沉积物中几乎不含有钙皂，随pH值的升高，沉积物中钙皂的含量提高，并且沉积物的黏性显著增加。甘油三脂沉积物中几乎不含无机成分，但在pH值4．5～8．5范围内，钙离子的存在明显加剧了其沉积行为。温度对树脂酸组分影响较大，温度升高，树脂酸黏性提高，沉积性增加。