甘肃某难处理金精矿的预处理与生产实践

针对甘肃某含砷、含锑难处理金精矿,采用"浸锑—两段焙烧"脱锑、脱砷,然后进行氰化提金的流程。考察了浸锑条件和焙烧条件对脱锑、脱砷的影响。试验结果表明,在优化后条件下,含砷、含锑难处理金精矿的脱砷、脱锑率分别达到78.59%、93.8%,然后通过氰化浸出工艺提金,金的回收率可从48%提高到92.3%。     

FCC废催化剂镍脱除试验研究

针对含镍的FCC废催化剂(催化裂化催化剂),采用酸浸、焙烧-酸浸、氨浸、还原焙烧-氨浸、氯化焙烧工艺进行镍脱除试验,镍脱除率分别为16.64%、10%、0.8%、23.92%和64.53%,渣含镍＞0.1%,无法达到一般工业固废标准。然后采用还原熔炼工艺处理FCC废催化剂,当氧化铁添加量11%、煤粉添加量5%、熔炼温度1450℃、保温时间2h时,镍脱除率达到92.6%,熔炼渣含镍0.06%,达到一般工业固废标准。     

The Effects of Oxidative Pretreatment of Zinc-containing Dust on Contents of Iron and Manganese in Ammoniacal Leaching Solution and Product ion of Zinc Oxide

The zinc-containing dust was oxidatively pretreated with calcium hypochlorite,subsequently leached with ammonia/ammonium bicarbonate solution to obtain the ammoniacal leaching solution,and zinc oxide was produced by ammonia distillation of the ammoniacal leaching solution and subsequent calcination. The elements of iron and manganese could not be detected in ammoniacal leaching solution,and the extraction rate of zinc was 98.2% in ammoniacal leaching process. The zinc oxide content in the product is 99.5%(ω),and the contents of iron and manganese in the product were 0.002 8‰ and 0.000 84‰(ω), respectively. The analyses of the valence states of iron and manganese in the zinc-containing dust with and without pretreatment were performed by chemical analysis and XPS,and the possible oxidation mechanism of the oxidative pretreatment of the dust was discussed. It is concluded that Fe 2+-oxide and Mn 2+-oxide in the dust were oxidized to Fe 3+-oxide and/or its hydrate and Mn 4+-oxide and/or its hydrate by calcium hypochlorite during the oxidative pretreatment process,respectively.     

氰化尾渣氯化焙烧工艺研究

针对新疆某冶炼厂氰化尾渣,采用"制球—干燥—氯化焙烧"工艺进行处理提取金、银,并考察了氯化焙烧条件对金属挥发率的影响。研究结果表明,在氯化钙添加量为7%、焙烧温度为1100℃条件下反应60 min,金、银的挥发率分别达到98%和62%,铜、铅、锌的挥发率达到80%以上。焙烧后球团中金和银的含量分别降至0.47 g/t和6.12 g/t。     

Deep Purification of Zinc Ammoniacal Leaching Solution by Cementation with Zinc Dust

Deep purification of zinc ammoniacal leaching solution by cementation using zinc dust was studied.The effects of relative amount of metallic impurities,dosage of zinc dust,purification time,temperature,pH value and total ammonia concentration in the solution on the purification of the solution were investigated.The results indicate that total ammonia concentration in the solution had no effect on the purification,but relative amount of metallic impurities,dosage of zinc dust,purification time,temperature and pH value of the solution were the main factors influencing the purification.Keeping appropriate molar ratio of copper to cadmium or nickel to cadmium was beneficial to the cementation of cadmium.Nevertheless,the presence of cobalt went against the cementation of cadmium and cobalt.All metallic impurities could be decreased to acceptable levels under the optimized conditions of 2 g/L of zinc dust dosage,1 h of purification time,35℃,pH value 9.03 of zinc ammoniacal leaching solution.The deeply purified zinc ammoniacal solution obtained by one-stage purification meets the requirements of zinc electrowinning.     

铁粉还原法从含金滤液中回收金银铜

采用铁粉还原法回收含金滤液中的金、银、铜等有价金属。考察了铁粉添加量、还原时间、还原温度对金属置换率的影响。结果表明,当铁粉添加量为5kg/m~3,在40℃反应30min,含金滤液中金、银、铜含量分别从2.4、53、950mg/L降至0.05、0.4、7mg/L。置换后所得滤饼中金、银、铜分别达到386.8g/t、5 521.7g/t和29.8%。     

SO2-空气法在处理氰化渣上的试验研究

本文对采用SO₂-空气法处理氰化渣进行了试验研究,主要考查了反应时间、初始pH、CuSO₄添加量及Na₂S₂O₅添加量对处理效果的影响。结果表明,在调浆浓度45%,初始反应pH≈10.5,CuSO₄添加量0.37kg/t渣,Na₂S₂O₅添加量0.5g/L,反应时间3h的条件下,可将调浆溶液中CN_-降至0.01 mg/L,具有较好的除氰效果。     

钛掺杂对CBS微晶玻璃晶相、微观结构及介电性能的影响

研究钛元素对CBS系微晶玻璃的晶相、微观结构和介电性能的影响。结果表明,优选试验条件为,钛掺杂含量为2%、烧结制度为以3 ℃/min的速率升温到玻璃软化温度（701.0 ℃）,保温1小时,以相同速率升温到高于析晶温度20 ℃的温度(881.9 ℃）下,保温2小时后随炉冷却。通过上述试验方案获得的样品,主晶相为硅灰石,微观结构上晶粒饱满且紧密相连,空隙较少,平均粒径3~5 μm,样品的介电常数分别为1.4（1 MHz）、1.3（10 MHz）,介电损耗分别为3.9×10-3（1 MHz）、3.8×10-3（10 MHz）。     

从CIGS材料硫酸浸出液中回收硒的研究

铜铟镓硒太阳能电池（CIGS）芯片废料中硒元素具有很高回收价值。开展了从废旧CIGS电池材料硫酸浸出液中回收硒的研究。对比了铜粉、亚硫酸钠和二氧化硫3种还原剂的沉硒效果,结果表明,二氧化硫的沉硒效果好、同时酸浸液中杂质元素几乎不发生共沉淀,具有很好的选择性。考察了试验温度、二氧化硫流量和初始酸浓度对沉硒效果的影响,得出优化试验条件如下：CIGS硫酸浸出液初始酸浓度20 g/L,100 mL酸浸液中以1.8 L/h的流量通入SO2,在80 ℃下反应2 h。在优化条件下,硒的沉淀率可达94.51%左右,所得粗硒沉淀中硒含量约为95.67%。为废旧CIGS材料回收提供了一种有效的方法。     

偏重亚硫酸钠—空气法处理氰化尾渣

采用偏重亚硫酸钠—空气法处理氰化尾渣进行脱氰的研究,考察Na2S2O5浓度、Cu2+浓度、空气速率、初始pH和反应时间对脱氰效果的影响。结果表明,在Na2S2O5浓度0.2g/L、Cu2+浓度80mg/L、空气鼓入速率250mL/min、初始pH≈10的条件下反应2h,氰化尾渣矿浆中全氰浓度从91.5mg/L降到0.2mg/L左右,可以满足GB8978-1996污水综合排放标准。