4,6-二氯嘧啶合成工艺研究

4,6-二氯嘧啶是一种重要的化工中间体.研究了反应温度、溶剂种类、催化剂种类、催化剂用量和反应物投料配比在4,6-二氯嘧啶合成过程中对反应的影响.结果 表明,在以邻硝基甲苯为溶剂,苄基三乙基氯化铵为催化剂,且催化剂用量为4,6-二羟基嘧啶质量的2％,n(4,6-二羟基嘧啶):n(三光气)=1∶0.8,反应温度为100～110℃的最佳条件下,产品收率可以达到93.4％.     

一种架空蒸汽管滑动支座保温结构的优化方案

以山西某市工业园区架空蒸汽管网工程为例,提出了一种架空蒸汽管滑动支座的保温新结构,计算了普通滑动支座和新保温结构滑动支座的散热损失,并结合前期施工成本和后期运行费用,对普通滑动支座和新保温结构滑动支座进行了技术经济分析。结果表明,新保温结构滑动支座在施工阶段成本费用较高;但在运行期间可有效减少由于滑动支座弧形板处热损失所导致的蒸汽损耗的运行费用。因此采用新保温结构滑动支座实现了运行阶段的稳定、安全、节能、节省费用等。     

浅论气凝胶绝热材料的研究进展

文章简述了绝热材料的分类及研究现状,阐述了二氧化硅气凝胶、绝热机理及发展历程。通过增强体强化和遮光剂掺杂改良气凝胶的研究进展。     

Influences of the inner diameter of the solid shielding tube on the characteristics of the radio-frequency cold atmospheric plasma jet

Active control of the local environment of the cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) jet is of great importance in actual applications since the CAP operates in an open atmosphere with the inevitable entrainment of the surrounding cold air. In this paper, the solid shielding effects of the cylindrical quartz tubes with different inner diameters on the characteristics of the CAP jets driven by a radio-frequency (RF) power supply are studied experimentally. The experimental results show that the total length of the shielded plasma jet can be increased significantly by an appropriate combination of the quartz tube inner diameter and that of the plasma generator nozzle exit with other parameters being unchanged. This phenomenon may be qualitatively attributed to the loss of diffusion of the charged particles in the radial direction under different inner diameters of the quartz tubes. Compared with the plasma free jet, the plasma shielding jet is produced with optimized parameters including longer plasma jet length, higher concentrations of chemically reactive species, higher rotational, vibrational, and electron excitation temperatures when the inner diameters of the solid shielding tube and the generator nozzle exit are the same. A maximum plasma jet length of 52.0 cm is obtained in contrast to that of 5.0 cm of the plasma free jet in this study. The experimental results indicate that the solid shielding effect provides a new method for the active control of the local environment of the RF-CAP jet operating in an open atmosphere.     

交联剂用量及交联剂复配对脱酮肟型单组分室温固化导电胶性能的影响

制备了脱酮肟型单组分室温固化导电胶,重点研究了交联剂用量及交联剂复配对导电胶表干时间、力学性能及导电性能等的影响。结果表明:适当提高交联剂用量可以缩短导电胶的表干时间,提升力学性能及导电性能;当不同交联剂复配,调节合适的配比时,可进一步改善导电胶性能。     

海藻糖部分替代蔗糖对猪肉脯品质特性的影响

为改善传统猪肉脯的品质特性，采用不同比例（10%、20%、30%、40%）的海藻糖部分替代猪肉脯配料中的蔗糖，测定其总糖含量、pH值、水分、质构特性、色泽、脂肪氧化情况及感官品质等的变化。结果表明：海藻糖部分替代蔗糖，在降低总糖含量的前提下，显著提高猪肉脯的亮度值、红度值和黄度值（P＜0.05），并延缓猪肉脯贮藏期间的褪色，显著降低硫代巴比妥酸反应物值（P＜0.05）；随着海藻糖替代比例的增大，猪肉脯水分含量显著提高，且其中的结合水和不易流动水含量总体呈降低趋势，自由水含量显著提高（P＜0.05），猪肉脯的硬度、咀嚼性和坚实度显著下降（P＜0.05）；海藻糖替代蔗糖比例10%时，猪肉脯的感官品质较佳。