齐大山铁矿南帮含水构造带探测研究

为解决采空区突发涌水给矿山安全生产带来的安全威胁,以齐大山铁矿为研究对象,以高密度电阻率法含水构造带理论模型的正演模拟研究为基础,运用高密度电阻率法对采场南帮含水构造带的异常范围进行了圈定;运用瞬变电磁法进行了二次探测,并对高密度电阻率法所圈定的异常范围进行了验证。研究表明:含水构造带显示为低阻异常特征,在高密度电阻率法探测成果图中显示的两处低阻异常与含水构造带理论模型的正演模拟结果一致;同时,在瞬变电磁法探测成果图中显示的低阻区域均在高密度电阻率法所圈定的低阻异常范围内,二者相互验证,这两处低阻异常均为含水构造带的地球物理异常特征的显示,表明采用高密度电阻率法和瞬变电磁法组合识别技术可实现对隐伏含水构造带的先导性探测。     

钢铁生产的水能关系分析

从钢铁生产过程中水资源使用时的能耗角度研究了钢铁联合企业的水能关系，提出了水能强度的概念来评价企业生产过程中水资源利用的节能水平，建立了钢铁企业的水能关系模型。以中国某大型钢铁联合企业为例，计算并分析了该企业的水能关系。该企业总的水能量为55 709 kW·h/h，重复用水水能量占整个钢铁企业全部水能量的82%，补水水能量占16%，排水水能量占1%；各工序中热轧工序占比最大，其次是炼铁、炼钢工序，冷轧、烧结和炼焦工序较低。该企业的吨钢水能强度为0.208 kW·h/m3，炼铁工序的水能强度最高，热轧、炼钢工序次之，烧结、冷轧和炼焦工序较低。最后，从钢铁生产过程水资源利用的角度得到节能的方向及措施。     

Integrated Approach to Density-Based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise and Dynamic Time Warping for Breakout Prediction in Slab Continuous Casting

Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B - Mold breakout is a catastrophic accident that has serious impacts on smooth production, slab quality, and caster equipment. Accurate identification and...     

固体碳直接还原钢铁厂含锌固废的理论与实践

 钢铁厂内的含锌固废数量巨大，同时富含铁、碳等元素，是可循环再利用的二次资源。通过固体碳直接还原ZnO和FeO的热力学分析，发现在非标准状态下，ZnO的还原条件要优于FeO。为此，在实验室条件下设计了含锌固废在不同温度和时间下的还原试验，发现在还原温度为1 423 K、还原时间为15 min以上时，脱锌率可达到90%，而铁的金属化率需要在1 573 K时才能接近90%；在还原温度低于1 423 K时，还原时间对脱锌率的影响较大；在还原温度高于1 473 K时，还原温度对脱锌率影响较小，同时脱锌率可达到95%。这些结果对国内当前处理含锌固废主要工艺(回转窑、转底炉)的操作制度设置具有重要的参考价值，也为如何选择合理的工艺路线，以低投入、低运营成本实现含锌固废的再利用提供了理论依据。     

In situ synthesis of Al2O3–SiC powders via molten-salt-assisted aluminum/carbothermal reduction method

Al₂O₃–SiC composite powder (ASCP) was successfully synthesized using a novel molten-salt-assisted aluminum/carbothermal reduction (MS-ACTR) method with silica fume, aluminum powder, and carbon black as raw materials; NaCl–KCl was used as the molten salt medium. The effects of the synthesis temperature and salt-reactant ratio on the phase composition and microstructure were investigated. The results showed that the Al₂O₃–SiC content increased with an increase in molten salt temperature, and the salt–reactant ratio in the range of 1.5:1–2.5:1 had an impact on the fabrication of ASCP. The optimum condition for synthesizing ASCP from NaCl–KCl molten salt consisted of maintaining the temperature at 1573 K for 4 h. The chemical reaction thermodynamics and growth mechanism indicate that the molten salt plays an important role in the formation of SiC whiskers by following the vapor-solid growth mode in the MS-ACTR treatment. This study demonstrates that the addition of molten salt as a reaction medium is a promising approach for synthesizing high-melting-point composite powders at low temperatures.     

Probing the degenerate pattern growth of {100}<011> orientation in a directionally solidified Al-4.5 wt% Cu alloy

Degenerate pattern is a seemingly disordered morphology but it exhibits the inherently ordered crystal connected with tip-splitting and limited stability which makes it difficult to observe in the metallic system. Here we employ (100)[011] orientated planar-front seeds using directional solidification and reveal the fundamental origins of the degenerate pattern growth in an Al-4.5 wt% Cu alloy. We find that the spacing of the tip-splitting (λ) in the degenerate of the alloys followed a power law, λ∝V^−0.5, and the frequency (f) of the splitting was related to the growth velocity (V) by ƒ∝V^1.5. The dimensionless growth direction (θ/θ₀) increased monotonously and approached 0.6 with faster velocity, attributed to its anisotropy in the interface kinetics. Once growth velocity exceeded a threshold, two types of pattern transitions from degenerate to regular dendrites were proposed. One of them exhibited a random and chaotic mode and the other underwent a rotation in growth direction.     

Effect of carbon content on the Curie temperature of WC-NiFe cemented carbides

We have investigated the effect of the carbon content on the Curie temperature of a cemented carbide composite material with a Ni-Fe alloy as the binder phase and WC as the hard phase. In the carbon concentration range from 5.72 to 5.83 wt% carbon, which covers the interval where WC coexists with fcc Ni-Fe without other phases (the ‘carbon window’), the Curie temperature rises from 200 to 527 °C. This result indicates the possibility to use the Curie temperature to determine the carbon balance in the system. With thermodynamic calculations and kinetic simulations we can quantitatively establish the correlation between the carbon and tungsten content of the binder phase and the Curie temperature. This strong compositional effect on the Curie temperature is quantitatively very different from the conventional Co-based cemented carbides, with Curie temperatures of about 950–1050 °C.     

Densification and grain boundary nitrides in spark plasma sintered SAF 2205 -TiN composite

Densification and nature of α-ferrite γ-austenite interface associated with the spark plasma sintering (SPS) of SAF 2205 reinforced with TiN nanoparticles was investigated. The sintering data obtained during SPS was used to evaluate the densification mechanism. EBSD and TKD technique were used to characterize the SAF 2205 composite. The grain and grain boundary properties were evaluated using nanoindentation technique. Three densification stages relating to particles rearrangement, bulk deformation and rapid densification of the SAF 2205 composite was observed during SPS. The EBSD revealed a reverse ferrite to austenite phase transformation and a refined microstructure after SPS. TKD analysis of the grain boundary showed nanosized sintered-in nitride coexisting with ferrite and austenite upon sintering at α/γ interface but also at α/α and γ/γ interfaces. TKD-EDS compositional mapping revealed Ti-rich grain boundary. Nanoindentation experiments reveal that the TiN dominated grain boundaries exhibit lower penetration depths, an indication of higher hardness and modulus.     

Removal and repair techniques for thermal barrier coatings: a review

ABSTRACT

A comprehensive literature review of the existing techniques for removing and repairing of damaged thermal barrier coatings is presented, with the focus on top ceramic coats. The advantages and disadvantages of each technique are compared and assessed. The review shows that there is not a universal method applicable to all coating systems. The selection of the coating removal and repair process must be specific to damaged coating systems, based on their composition, type of damages, and available resources. This review will provide some inside look at various approaches in an effort to meet the different coating repair needs.     

不同熄焦方式对40kg焦炉焦炭质量的影响

不同熄焦方式对焦炭的冷态强度、热态强度以及生产焦炉的工艺特点均有影响,为了更好地指导40 kg试验焦炉的生产,需对比分析水熄焦、干熄焦方式对焦炭质量的影响。选用4种不同炼焦煤和1种生产配合煤,利用40 kg级实验焦炉炼制焦炭,分别采用蒸汽熄焦与水熄焦方式对40 kg焦炉炼制的焦炭进行冷却,检测熄焦后焦炭的工业分析、机械强度及热性质等性能指标,对比分析2种熄焦方式对焦炭质量的影响,并研究2种熄焦方式下焦炭与生产干熄焦的焦炭质量关系。结果表明,相对水熄焦,蒸汽熄焦的焦炭水分较稳定(小于1%)、成焦率有所提升,改善了焦炭质量,其中1/3焦煤冷强度的改善最为明显,气煤与1/3焦煤的热性质改善最为明显,肥煤的成焦率提升最大;蒸汽熄焦与生产干熄焦的焦炭质量指标更接近,机械强度M 40一致、M 10数据高出2.5个百分点,热性质CRI数据高出8.1个百分点、CSR低出10.4个百分点。焦化企业可参照试验结果,进一步优化40 kg实验焦炉熄焦工艺及调整生产与试验焦炉的相关性。