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1.
Black phosphorus (BP), as a new 2D material, is normally synthesized by a high-pressure and high-temperature (HPHT) method from white and red phosphorus, which severely hinders the further development of BP for any potential applications and leads to search for other potential applications of BP with big challenge. Herein, we develop a facile and efficient Thermal-Vaporization-Transformation (TVT) approach to prepare a highly active BP directly grown on carbon paper as the electrode for Oxygen evolution reaction (OER), showing a low onset potential of 1.45 V versus RHE. Simultaneously, the current density of BP-CP illustrates the excellent electro-catalysis stability only decreases by 3.4% after continuous operation for 10000 s. Meanwhile, the density functional theory (DFT) calculations further illustrates the P-doped carbon layer in the upper side of BP layer is actually responsible for its enhanced OER property, and the adjacent carbon atoms of the embedded P atoms are actually the active sites due to the induced local change distribution by intramolecular change transfer. Considering the facile, but efficient and scalable, TVT approach can directly synthesize BP-CP with excellent OER performance, which is promising for BP electrocatalysts used for OER in metal-air batteries, fuel cells, water-splitting devices, even other key renewable energy.  相似文献   
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李再琴  刘强  单振  裴昆 《橡胶科技》2019,17(6):0348-0352
在全钢载重子午线轮胎胎面胶中加入不同用量炭黑N234,并将白炭黑与炭黑并用,考察炭黑用量和添加白炭黑对胶料性能的影响。结果表明:随着炭黑N234用量增大,不添加白炭黑的胶料Fmax和门尼粘度增大,门尼焦烧时间呈缩短趋势;密度、硬度和定伸应力提高,拉伸强度和回弹值降低,撕裂强度先提高后降低,耐磨性能提高,生热增大,炭黑用量不宜过大;在填料用量相当的条件下,添加白炭黑的胶料门尼粘度较小,门尼焦烧时间较短,撕裂强度和耐磨性能显著提高,生热明显降低;随着炭黑用量增大,不添加白炭黑的胶料弹性模量和损耗因子总体提高;总体来看,添加45份炭黑N234和10份白炭黑的胎面胶滞后损失和生热较低。  相似文献   
4.
Phase equilibria between slag, Cu–Sn alloy and solid oxide phases, SnO2 (cassiterite) or SiO2 (tridymite, cristobalite) are important for oxidizing fire refining of black copper produced during the recycling of copper scrap and waste electrical and electronic equipment. Integrated experimental and thermodynamic modeling study is presented for the Cu–Sn–Si–O chemical system and its sub-systems. Experimental technique involved high-temperature equilibration, followed by rapid quenching and direct measurement of Cu, Sn and Si concentrations in the liquid and solid phases using the electron probe X-ray microanalysis. Experimental results and literature data have been used to develop the thermodynamic database for the system. The database works within the environment of FactSage software, as well as ChemApp, ChemSheet and SimuSage. Combined with other assessments, it can be used to optimize and develop recycling processes using the black copper route.  相似文献   
5.
As a promising catalyst for solar hydrogen production, black phosphorus (BP) has received widespread attention due to variable band gaps, high carrier mobility, and strong light absorption performance. Herein, we use MoS2 as a cocatalyst to synthesize BP/MoS2 catalyst with polycrystalline BP to improve photocatalytic performance under visible light irradiation. A small amount of MoS2 can reduce the recombination of electron-hole pairs in the composite, increase carrier transport efficiency, and then improve photocatalytic performance. As expected, the 10/0.5 ratio of BP/MoS2 catalyst exhibits the highest photocatalytic hydrogen evolution performance with a hydrogen evolution rate of 575.4 μmol h?1 g?1, which is 2.5 times of pure BP. Based on the results above, a simple method is provided to synthesize low-cost black phosphorus-based photocatalysts.  相似文献   
6.
通过熔融共混方法制备导电高分子复合材料丙烯腈-苯乙烯-丙烯酸酯共聚物(ASA)/天然石墨(NGR)/炭黑(CB),采用电磁屏蔽测量仪、四探针电阻率测量仪和动态热机械分析仪对复合材料的电性能和力学性能进行详细研究。结果表明,ASA/NGR复合材料的体积电阻率随着炭黑含量增加而增加;同时在30 MHz~1500 MHz范围内,复合材料的电磁屏蔽性能从28 dB提高到38 dB,符合商业要求。炭黑的加入大大改善了材料力学性能,弯曲强度从31 MPa增加到41 MPa;动态储能模量从4.6 GPa增加到14.5 GPa。  相似文献   
7.
Protein quality and antioxidant properties of soymilk derived from black soybean (eight varieties) in China were analysed following in vitro simulated gastrointestinal digestion (including dialysis). Soymilk from black soybean possessed high okara weight but low yield, protein content and sensory scores. The in vitro digestibility of protein in all black soymilk samples was higher than 60%, and the Shenmu black soybean exhibited the highest digestibility. Non-digested milk from the black soybean exhibited significantly high total phenolic content (TPC) (127.15–173.04 mg/100 mL), ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) (272.18–366.27 μmol L−1) and DPPH free radical-scavenging activity (61.20–83.81%). These parameters were significantly lower in the non-digested soymilk than those in soymilk after gastric digestion but higher than those of soymilk in the dialysed fraction. Gastric digestion significantly increased bioactive compound levels released from black soymilk, and the bioaccessibility of phenolic compounds was 24.37–36.05%. Hence, black soymilk was sufficiently available for human absorption.  相似文献   
8.
ABSTRACT

Relatively simple but apparently novel ways are proposed for viewing three related subjects: black hole entropy, the black hole information paradox, and time travel paradoxes. (1) Gibbons and Hawking have completely explained the origin of the entropy of all black holes, including physical black holes – nonextremal and in 3-dimensional space – if one can identify their Euclidean path integral with a true thermodynamic partition function (ultimately based on microstates). An example is provided of a theory containing this feature. (2) There is unitary quantum evolution with no loss of information if the detection of Hawking radiation is regarded as a measurement process within the Everett interpretation of quantum mechanics. (3) The paradoxes of time travel evaporate when exposed to the light of quantum physics (again within the Everett interpretation), with quantum fields properly described by a path integral over a topologically nontrivial but smooth manifold.  相似文献   
9.
The railway embankment applied to high-speed railways is required to have high performance in terms of strength and deformation characteristics. Especially in the case of railway embankments that support slab tracks, the allowable settlement is very small. There are two technical challenges in constructing high-speed rail embankments to support slab tracks in India. The first challenge is dealing with problematic black cotton soil (BCS), which is widely distributed in India but very unusual soil in Japan. The second challenge is posed by the strict deformation requirement in the construction of the embankments. In this study, a 6 m-high test embankment was constructed on BCS in India. The deformation of the embankment and changes in water content were measured over a period of 18 months. In the construction of the test embankment, two different BCS countermeasures were applied. The results of the tests on this embankment were compared with those from an embankment without countermeasures. Complicated deformation behaviors, including settlement and the uplift of embankment, were observed in the section without countermeasure. However, in the embankment with cement-mixed gravelly soil (CGS) slab improvement with geosynthetics, the much lower amplitude of embankment deformation is evidence of the effectiveness of this countermeasure. The cohesive non-swelling soil (CNS) layer applied immediately below the embankment to reduce the water content fluctuation of BCS was not effective enough for use for high-speed railway embankment. Besides determining the technical challenges for the BCS countermeasures, the results of this study confirmed that a high-performance embankment can be constructed with Indian embankment material by performing sufficient compaction management.  相似文献   
10.
试验矿石含镍0.76%、铜0.16%、氧化镁25.12%。镍是一种重要战略资源,而试验矿样中含有大量含镁硅酸盐矿石,氧化镁是后续冶金环节主要有害物质,因此在浮选工艺中要设法降低其含量。进行了"铜镍易浮脉石等可浮流程"、"抑制易浮脉石浮铜镍流程"、"常规流程"的闭路试验。铜镍易浮脉石等可浮流程试验结果镍品位11.81%,镍回收率76.2%,氧化镁含量4.38%。镍精矿质量达到一级品质量要求。  相似文献   
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