An assessment of the efficiency of Spanish schools: evaluating the influence of the geographical,managerial, and socioeconomic features

The aim of the present paper is to explore the efficiency of Spanish schools while simultaneously considering data envelopment analysis (DEA) and multivariate analysis. Test scores from the Program for International Assessment reports are used as outputs while the resources of each institution are considered as inputs to the analysis. The methodology utilized determines the DEA efficiencies under various input/output combinations and the results are interpreted through the application of factor analysis and property‐fitting techniques. The objective of the study is to identify the strengths and weaknesses of each type of school and the connections with the way in which the efficiency is obtained. In the light of the results, the study concludes that there exist differences related with two of the criteria considered: the type of management of the schools and the parental socioeconomic level of the students. However, no differences appear when the geographical location of the institutions is considered to characterize the entities.     

Evaluating the efficiency of local municipalities in providing traffic safety using the Data Envelopment Analysis

The purpose of this study was to estimate the relative efficiency of 197 local municipalities in traffic safety in Israel during 2004–2009, using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). DEA efficiency is based on multiple inputs and multiple outputs, when their weights are unknown. We used here inputs reflecting the resources allocated to the local municipalities (such as funding), outputs include measures that reflect reductions in accidents (such as accidents per population), and intermediate variables known as safety performance indicators (SPI): measures that are theoretically linked to crash and injury reductions (such as use of safety belts). Some of the outputs are undesirable. Using DEA, the local municipalities were rank-scaled from the most efficient to the least efficient and required improvements for inefficient municipalities were calculated. We found that most of the improvements were required in two intermediate variables related to citations for traffic violations. Several DEA versions were used including a two-stage model where in the first stage the intermediate variables are the outputs, and in the second stage they are the inputs. Further analyses utilizing multiple regressions were performed to verify the effect of various demographic parameters on the efficiency of the municipalities. The demographic parameters tested for each local municipality were related to the size, age, and socio-economic level of the population. The most significant environmental variable affecting the efficiency of local municipalities in preventing road accidents is the population size of the local authority; the size has a negative effect on the efficiency. As far as we could determine, this is the first time that the DEA is used to measure the efficiency of local municipalities in improving traffic safety.     

Study of haze emission efficiency based on new co-opetition data envelopment analysis

As haze intensifies in China, controlling haze emission has become the country's top priority for environmental protection. Because haze moves across different regions, it is necessary to develop a data envelopment analysis (DEA) model underpinned by both competition and cooperation to evaluate the haze emission efficiency in different provinces. This study innovatively adopts the spatial econometrics to construct the co-opetition matrices of Chinese provinces, then builds the co-opetition DEA model to evaluate the haze emission efficiency of them, and finally uses the haze data of 2015 as an example to assess the applicability of the model. The results of the study include the following: First, compared with the traditional CCR (A. Charnes & W. W. Cooper & E. Rhodes) model, this study constructs the co-opetition DEA cross-efficiency model that integrates haze's feature of cross-border moving; thus, it is more in line with the reality of haze emission and movement. Second, compared with the efficiency value gained from the CCR model, the haze emission efficiency values for Tianjin and Guangdong, two decision-making units, register greater variance when using the DEA model. The reason might lie in that they have a different spatial transportation relationship with their surrounding provinces. Third, the haze emission efficiency of provinces, according to the evaluation based on the co-opetition DEA method, varies greatly: Those with high efficiency are mostly inland provinces with slow economic growth and adverse climatic conditions, whereas many of the provinces with low efficiency are located in the relatively prosperous East China. The specific co-opetition DEA model constructed in this study enriches the research on the DEA model, which can be applied to the emission efficiency evaluation of similar pollutants around the world and can contribute empirical support to the haze reducing efforts of the government with its empirical results.     

Empirical Analysis of Agricultural Cultural Resources Value Evaluation under DEA Model

Agricultural culture is a productive activity about education and management. It aims at high efficiency and high quality, uses technology as its means, and takes nature as its carrier. Agricultural cultural resources are the product of the rapid development of modern economy. It promotes the development of the national economy and profoundly affects people's production and life. DEA model, also known as data envelope analysis method, is an algorithm that uses multiple data decision units for input and output training to obtain the final model. This article explains the concept and basic characteristics of agricultural culture. Through questionnaire surveys and expert interviews, we collected development data, screened human, material, and financial data, and calculated information on economic and social resources. On this basis, this paper establishes the evaluation index of agricultural culture based on DEA model. Then, through empirical analysis from a specific perspective, it can be concluded that increasing human, material and financial input can achieve economic and social benefits. Generally speaking, cultural investment can promote the development of the industry. The research results of this paper laid a theoretical foundation for the development of agricultural culture, and put forward a development model focusing on technology development, improving investment efficiency, and investing in material resources.     

现阶段煤炭企业集团公司安全效率的DEA分析

本文使用DEA（数据包络分析）的方法,对现阶段我国煤炭企业集团公司的安全效率进行实证分析,力图发现企业发展中的成功与不足,供决策单位参考。     

DEA模型在我国煤炭上市公司经营效益分析上的应用

运用DEA方法对我国煤炭上市公司经营效益进行数据包络分析。针对所得结果做出分析。     

中国建筑业投入产出效率分析:1991-2003

本文应用非参数计量经济学的数据包络评价模型,以从业人员总数、固定资产净值、能源消耗总量和总产值为评价指标,对中国建筑业1991年～2003年的投入产出整体效率及各投入要素效率进行了测算和分析。结果显示:中国建筑业的整体投入产出效率在1991～1993年间取得了显著的进步,并在随后的10年间均保持较高的效率值,但无明显提高。     

基于DEA模型的水公用事业上市公司绩效评价

基于搜集的13家水公用事业上市公司2012-2014年经营绩效评价的相关指标数据,构建了数据包络分析（DEA）模型,对水公用事业行业的技术有效性和规模有效性进行分析,对企业的绩效进行评价。研究表明,阳晨B股、江南水务、国中水务、锦龙股份这4家公司3年来各项效率均处于较高水平,达到DEA有效;重庆水务、创业环保、洪城水业、首创股份的纯技术效率较高但规模效率相对较低,祥龙电业、钱江水利的规模效率较高但纯技术效率相对较低,瀚蓝环境、武汉控股、中山公用的各项效率均较低。最后对水公用事业上市公司提出了加强内部管理控制、提高经营管理效率、利用产业优势做大做强企业、立足主营业务提升竞争能力的建议。     

中英贸易与两国能源经济相对效率变化的关系研究

贸易在促进贸易国经济发展的同时也给贸易国的能源消耗结构带来了一定影响。由于技术进步,单位能源消耗所产生的经济价值是有变化的,因此提出用比较相对效率的方式,探究双边贸易与两国经济发展及能源消耗之间的关系。以中英建立全面伙伴关系以来的相关数据作为研究对象,运用DEA-CCR模型测算出两国能源经济效率和能源环境效率的变动情况,再用中英双边贸易额与两国的能源经济效率和能源环境效率做多元回归分析,得出贸易与两国能源-经济相对效率的变动情况。结果表明,随着中英两国贸易合作的加强,能源经济效率得到有效提高,即单位能源消耗所产生的经济价值更高,有利于两国经济的可持续发展;贸易对两国能源环境效率变化的影响不大,但依然要注意贸易结构的调整和优化。     

建筑业企业技术创新效率评价研究——基于 DEA 方法的实证分析

对于建筑业企业普遍存在技术创新效率低的问题,从创新效率评价的研究现状出发,运用数据包络分析法（DEA）对建筑业企业技术创新效率做出评价与分析。结果表明,建筑业企业创新综合效率偏低,不同类型企业创新效率差异较大,规模效率是导致创新综合效率偏低的主要因素;多数企业呈规模报酬递增态势,科研人员、企业内部技术创新经费投入过少是建筑业企业规模效率偏低的主要原因。并针对提高建筑业企业创新效率提出相应建议。